Shedding consistency of strongyle-type eggs in dutch boarding horses

Döpfer, Dörte; Kerssens, C.M.; Meijer, Y.G.M.; Boersema, J.H.; Eysker, M.

doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2004.06.028

Cited by 58 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Reports of helminth infections in horses indicate regularly that cyathostomes (small strongyles) are the most prevalent endoparasite group in horses worldwide (Bucknell et al 1995;Cirak et al 1996;Collobert-Laugier et al 2002;Craven et al 1998;Dopfer et al 2004;Fritzen 2005;Gawor 1995;Lyons and Tolliver 2004;Lyons et al 2006;Mfitilodze and Hutchinson 1990;Reinemeyer et al 1984;Silva et al 1999;Tolliver et al 1987;Torbert et al 1986;Wirtherle 2003). The prevalence of cyathostomes is as high in countries with frequent anthelmintic use as it is in countries where anthelmintic use is sparse.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of helminths in horses in the state of Brandenburg, Germany

et al. 2011

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The objective of the study was to estimate the prevalence of helminths in the horse population of the state of Brandenburg, Germany. One hundred and twenty-six horse farms in the state were selected by randomised stratified sampling. In total, 1,407 horses across all farms were examined coproscopically. The experimental unit was the horse farm: a farm was considered infected when at least one horse on the farm investigated was positive for helminth eggs. Animal details such as age, breed and sex were collected for all study horses and analysed for risk of infection. Risk was defined as horses having an above-average shedding of strongyle eggs. The following prevalence on horse farm level were established: Cyathostominae (98.4%), ascarids (16.7%), tapeworms (14.3%), pinworms (8.7%) and strongyloides (4,0%). The large strongyle Strongylus vulgaris was identified on only one farm. Liver flukes and lungworms were not found. Age, breed and sex were identified as risk factors for high shedding of strongyle eggs of individual animals: odds ratios for higher shedding intensities were 4.18 for yearlings and 2.42 for fillies compared to adult animals, and 3.69 for heavy breeds and 4.94 for wild horses compared to thoroughbreds. Mares and stallions did shed more strongyle eggs than geldings. Knowledge about the helminth prevalence will allow the issuance of specific treatment recommendations. Furthermore, the information on risk factors of individual horses will facilitate targeting single animals for selective treatments.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of helminths in horses in the state of Brandenburg, Germany

et al. 2011

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“…There are some data to show that strongyle eggs per gram of feces (EPG) profiles can be established for equids (Osterman Lind et al 1999;Döpfer et al 2004;Çirak et al 2005). It is known that animals exposed to small strongyles typically develop some immunity to infection as they age, resulting in lower infections (Döpfer et al 2004;Klei and Chapman 1999;Love et al 1999;Osterman Lind et al 1999;Corning 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is known that animals exposed to small strongyles typically develop some immunity to infection as they age, resulting in lower infections (Döpfer et al 2004;Klei and Chapman 1999;Love et al 1999;Osterman Lind et al 1999;Corning 2009). Data on definite known ages of equids are sparse.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of strongyle EPG values in horse mares relative to known age, number positive, and level of egg shedding in field studies on 26 farms in Central Kentucky (2010–2011)

2011

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A parasite study was done in 1,300 horse mares on 26 farms in Central Kentucky over a 5-month period in 2010 and 2011. The mares included 1,114 Thoroughbreds (TB) on 24 farms, 64 Standardbreds (SB) on 1 farm, and 122 mixed light horse types (MLH) on 1 farm. The objective of this research was to determine strongyle eggs per gram of feces (EPG) counts for evaluation by known age, number positive, and level of egg shedding by the mares. This was done to establish strongyle EPG profiles for the mares to aid in determining whether antiparasitic treatment was necessary. Eggs found were considered those of small strongyles. (A) For the Thoroughbred mares, (1) 362 (32%) were EPG-positive, and (2) the average (percentage) of EPG-positive mares by year of age was 3-5 (54%), 6-10 (36%), 11-15 (24%), 16-20 (17%), and >20 (21%); (3) EPG average counts were similar for all age categories except for the 6- to 10-year-olds, which were higher; (4) and the average (percentage) of positive mares by 100 units of EPG counts was ≤100 (50%), ≤200 (62%), ≤300 (70%), ≤400 (76%), ≤500 (80%), and >500 (20%). (B) For the Standardbred mares, 31 (48%) were EPG-positive; (2) the average (percentage) of EPG-positive mares by year of age (no >20 sampled) was lowest for the 3-5 and 16-20 categories and highest for the 6-10 and 11-15 groups; (3) EPG average counts by years of age were lowest for 3-5, 11-15, and 16-20 groups and highest for the 6-10 group; and (4) the average (percentage) of positive mares by 100 units of EPGs was 62% for the ≤100 category, 71-84% for ≤200 to ≤400 units, and the highest (97%) for the ≤500 unit. (C) For the mixed light horse type mares: (1) 94 (77%) were EPG-positive, (2) the average (percentage) of EPG-positive mares by age was lowest for the two oldest age groups, higher for the 11 to 15-year-old age group, and highest for the two youngest age groups; (3) EPG average counts by year of age were lowest for the 16-20 group, higher for the 6-10 and >20 groups, and highest for 3-5 and 11-15 groups; (4) the average (percentage) of positive mares by 100 units of EPG counts was lowest for the ≤100 category (23%), increasing about 10% progressively in ≤200 to ≤500 categories, but lower (37%) for the >500 category. (D) For all the three mare types (TB, SB, and MLH), 37% of the mares were EPG-positive, and 63% of the mares were EPG-negative; for the age (years) of positive mares, about one half belonged to the 3-5 category and a progressive decrease was seen for the 6-10, 11-15, and 16-20 groups, and 36% for the >20-year-olds; the mean strongyle EPGs highest range was seen in the 11- to 15-year-olds; the highest mean was in the 6- to 10-year-olds, and the lowest mean in the 3- to 5- and 16- to 20-year-olds. For the grouping of the strongyle EPG values by units of 100, three-fourths were in the ≤500 category, and the lowest percentage was for the >500 category. This research showed the value of strongyle EPG profiling for the mares. It was most useful for TBs where data from a large number of horses showed that over two-third...

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“…However, it has several limitations including costs in terms of labour, animal usage and time (Boersema 1983). In addition, FECs can be affected by several factors such as differing immunity depending on the horse age (Uhlinger 1993;Klei & Chapman 1999) and differences in grazing management (Dopfer et al 2004). However, FECRT has been used as an in vitro test for the diagnosis of resistance in many countries (Whitlock et al 1980;Ihler & Bjorn 1996;Pook et al 2002;Taylor et al 2002;Kaplan et al 2004;Kuzmina & Kharchenko 2008;Milillo et al 2009).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A field study on the anthelmintic resistance of Parascaris spp. in Arab foals in the Riyadh region, Saudi Arabia

Alanazi

Mukbel

Alyousif

et al. 2017

Veterinary Quarterly

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Background: In the last decade, Parascaris spp. resistance to anthelmintics has been recorded in many countries. In Saudi Arabia, there are limited data available on Parascaris spp. resistance to anthelmintics. Objective: To determine the current status of ivermectin, abamectin and praziquantel combined, and fenbendazole resistance to Parascaris spp. in horses in Saudi Arabia. Methods: Three hundred and forty-one foals from eleven different farms were examined by faecal egg count (FEC). The foals were all Arab horses aged 17.2 § 4.5 (SD) months. Ivermectin (n = 46 foals), abamectin and praziquantel combined (n = 46), and fenbendazole (n = 46) were administered on day 0 and faeces were collected on day 14. The study comprised 41 untreated foals as controls. Animals that have FEC of 100 eggs per gram (EPG) were used to measure anthelmintic efficacy. Parascaris spp. populations were considered susceptible when faecal egg count reduction (FECR) was 95% associated with a lower 95% confidence limit (LCL) >90%, suspected resistant when FECR 90% or LCL <90% and resistant when FECR <90% and LCL <90%. Results: Prevalence of Parascaris spp. infection was 53% (179/341 horses). Anthelmintic resistance to Parascaris spp. were highest following fenbendazole (55% of farms and 65% of foals) and to a lower extent following ivermectin or the combination of abamectin and praziquantel which comprised 27% of farms (and 46% of foals) and 18% of farms (and 10% of foals), respectively. Conclusion: These data indicate that anthelmintics-resistant Parascaris spp. populations are present on horse farms in Saudi Arabia.

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Shedding consistency of strongyle-type eggs in dutch boarding horses

Cited by 58 publications

References 14 publications

Prevalence of helminths in horses in the state of Brandenburg, Germany

Prevalence of helminths in horses in the state of Brandenburg, Germany

Investigation of strongyle EPG values in horse mares relative to known age, number positive, and level of egg shedding in field studies on 26 farms in Central Kentucky (2010–2011)

A field study on the anthelmintic resistance of Parascaris spp. in Arab foals in the Riyadh region, Saudi Arabia

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