Sheep And Cattle, Cows And Calves: The Sumero-Akkadian Astral Gods As Livestock

Rochberg, Francesca

doi:10.1163/ej.9789004186521.i-492.104

Cited by 2 publications

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“…As before, the dingir and the crescent are added to the images to signal to viewers that they are looking at a divine king ( Figures 5.1 and 5.2). In some seals the rulers went so far as to place themselves in poses traditionally reserved for Nanna, such as the image of the king on the backs of two cows in Figure 5.3 (Rochberg 2010).…”

Section: Intercultural Style and The Near Eastmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determining the Habitability of Exoplanets in Triple Star Systems

Luke¹

2019

QED

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When the Second World War ended in 1945, Germany lay in ruins. Divided East and West, under Western and Soviet occupation, their country devastated, Germans began to rebuild their lives, homes, and country while searching for a way to process their role in the war, their defeat, and its meaning for themselves as a people. One way they began to reconstruct a sense of identity was to highlight historic German cultural creations. Germans, amidst the physical and political turmoil that surrounded them under military occupation, expended extraordinary efforts to preserve and rebuild two churches nearly obliterated by Allied bombing-the Frauenkirche of Dresden in East Germany and the Kaiser-Wilhelm-Gedächniskirche of Berlin in West Germany. The struggle to preserve as much as possible the prewar appearance of these universally recognized architectural landmarks demonstrates how Germans, even in defeat, used links to past glory to help forge a new, postwar German identity.

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Section: Intercultural Style and The Near Eastmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determining the Habitability of Exoplanets in Triple Star Systems

Luke¹

2019

QED

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“…A cult to the astral Inanna continued in Sumerian city-states through the third millennium. Otherwise, poetic descriptions, such as of the moon god and his many "cattle," i.e., the stars, are found in Sumerian literature, 30 and lists of star names are found in Sumerian lexical texts of the Old Babylonian period (Ura 5, together with geographical names 31 ), roughly contemporaneous with the earliest evidence for systematic attention to the celestial bodies as signs.…”

Section: Celestial Observation 29mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The use of the sexagesimal number notation as well as agreeable sexagesimal numbers (12,30,360) is typical of these early astronomical texts. The Venus Tablet of Ammis ˙aduqa (Malibu, CA: Undena Publications, 1975), p. 29.…”

Section: Prediction and Calculationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Cambridge History of Science

2018

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How the study of physical phenomena in ancient Mesopotamia relates to the history of science is a question as important for the study of ancient Mesopotamia as it is for the history of science. It addresses both the nature of knowledge in the oldest literate culture as well as the historical reach of what we call science. If the essence of science is to be found in its systematization of knowledge about phenomena and in the various practices associated with such knowledge systemspractices such as celestial observation, prediction, and explanationthen science was a central part of cuneiform intellectual culture.Divination, magic, and medicine were integral parts of what the scribes termed "scholarship" (t ˙upsarrūtu, literally "the art of the scribe") as well as "wisdom" (nēmequ). Scholarship and wisdom were classified as a "secret of the great gods" (pirišti ilāni rabûti), referring to a conception of the origins of knowledge with the divine. Cuneiform knowledge was thus reserved for initiates, and injunctions against scribes who were not among the privileged few with access to texts classified as "secret" (pirištu) or "guarded" (nis ˙irtu) are known from the Middle Babylonian (ca. sixteenth to eleventh centuries bce) to the Late Babylonian (ca. fourth to first centuries bce) periods. 2 The classification of knowledge as secret applied to divinatory texts, incantations, apotropaic rituals against ominous signs, medical texts, scholarly commentaries on divinatory texts, and astronomical texts, and by the late first millennium the interrelations among these forms of knowledge become more apparent. A Late Babylonian astronomical text giving rules for calculating month lengths and intervals of lunar visibility around the full moon, 1 There are various abbreviations that are standard within Assyriology. Those unfamiliar with these may consult http://cdli.ox.ac.uk/wiki/abbreviations_for_assyriology.

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Sheep And Cattle, Cows And Calves: The Sumero-Akkadian Astral Gods As Livestock

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Determining the Habitability of Exoplanets in Triple Star Systems

Determining the Habitability of Exoplanets in Triple Star Systems

The Cambridge History of Science

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