Shepherd’s Purse Polyphenols Exert Its Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidative Effects Associated with Suppressing MAPK and NF-κB Pathways and Heme Oxygenase-1 Activation

Abstract

Shepherd's purse (Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medik.), a wild herb as a traditional herbal medicine, has been proved with multiple healthy benefits. In this study, the chemical constituents of shepherd's purse were identified by UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS. The antioxidative and anti-inflammatory potential of shepherd's purse extract (SPE) were also investigated applying lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) induced inflammation in RAW 264.7 macrophages and a carrageenan-induced mice paw edema model. Twenty-four chemical compounds were identified mainly including phenolic acids and flavonoids. The data also indicated SPE inhibited the productions of NO, PGE2, TNF-α, and IL-6 stimulated with LPS. In addition, SPE inhibited the increase of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and upregulated the expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). We further found that SPE inhibited the phosphorylation of P38 MAPK and activation of NF-κB. In vivo mice model also indicated that SPE showed strong antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activity.

The Bioprotective Effects of Polyphenols on Metabolic Syndrome against Oxidative Stress: Evidences and Perspectives

“…NNLE supplement promoted Nrf2 translocation into the nucleus and the level of phosphorylated p38 kinase and ERK [82]. These results were consistent with other in vitro results reporting that quercetin [83], flavon-3-ols [84, 85], puerarin [86], and phenolic acids [87] activate HO-1 by suppressing the MAPK pathway to mediate antioxidant activity.…”

Anti-inflammatory and Antioxidant Effects of the Microalga Pediastrum boryanum in Carrageenan-Induced Rat Paw Edema

“…Recently, in a previous study, we quantified the phenolic compounds content in P. boryanum biomass cultivated in the same media and evidenced its antioxidant activity in vitro [13]. Literature data show that phenolic compounds from different sources have anti-edematogenic effects in rodents inflammation models [35][36][37]. The mechanisms of anti-inflammatory activity of phenolic compounds can involve the modulation of immunity by interfering with immune cell regulation, synthesis of proinflammatory cytokines, and pro-inflammatory gene expression.…”

Evidence of Polyphenols Efficacy against Dry Eye Disease

“…They are characterized by one or more phenol rings on which basis they are classified ( Figure 2 ). Due to their structure, they are effective antioxidant molecules able to decrease the production of free radicals through Fenton reaction [ 67 , 68 , 69 ]. Moreover, polyphenols can directly interact with various enzymes, resulting in anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, anti-viral, anti-aging, anticancer properties and they also show neuroprotective effects [ 70 , 71 , 72 , 73 , 74 , 75 ].…”