SHG-enhanced NIR-excitedin vitrophotodynamic therapy using composite nanoparticles of barium titanate and rose Bengal

Abstract

Near infrared (NIR) light excited photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been considered as a possible way to increase the therapy depth. Besides the traditional two-photon excited PDT and upconversion PDT by rare-earth ion materials, SHG has drawn much attention recently to act as an additional choice to achieve NIR light excited PDT. Herein, by using the electrostatic absorption method, barium titanate and rose Bengal composite nanoparticles (BT@PAH/RB/PAH, BT-RB) were synthesized. Compared with rose Bengal (RB) molecules and a mixture of barium titanate nanoparticles and RB (BT + RB), BT-RB nanoparticles were shown to be able to produce more reactive oxygen species (ROS) ex vivo and in vitro. Afterwards, the SHG-enhanced localized PDT was applied on Hela cells, in which BT-RB nanoparticles showed a better performance than BT + RB. Our work has shown that the SHG-enhanced PDT has good prospects and the close combination of harmonic nanoparticles and photosensitizers may facilitate the development of novel reagents for NIR light excited PDT.

Harmonic generation at the nanoscale

“…PLEASE CITE THIS ARTICLE AS DOI: 10.1063/5.0006093 a broad transparency range in the spectral region selected for excitation and emission are often the first choice for applications. More recently, lithium niobate (LiNbO 3 ) [Niederberger et al (2004), )a, Riporto et al (2019] or barium titanate (BaTiO 3 ) [Hsieh et al (2010), Culic-Viskota et al (2012, Kim et al (2013), Sun et al (2019)] have been proposed for their superior nonlinear susceptibility, but the quest for more and more efficient materials still goes on. For example, BiFeO 3 has also recently been identified for its efficiency towards SHG [Schwung et al (2014)].…”

“…Very recently, two works have provided proof-of-principle demonstrations of the therapeutic integration of this scheme. In a first embodiment, the SHG emission from BaTiO 3 HNPs upon irradiation at 1040 nm resulted in the excitation of nearby photosensitizers (rose Bengal) used in photodynamic therapy [Sun et al (2019)]. In a second setting, the SHG emitted by Bismuth Ferrite nanoparticles was used as a stimulus to trigger the photo-uncaging of a molecular cargo (tryptophan) [Vuilleumier et al (2019)] (see Fig.…”

Multiorder Nonlinear Mixing in Metal Oxide Nanoparticles

“…In previous works, we have shown how the simultaneous detection of SHG and THG from HNPs used as labeling probes for tracking individual cells can greatly improve image-selectivity especially in highly optically congested environments with strong endogenous sources (collagen and lipids for SHG and THG, respectively) . Alternatively, the efficient in situ generation of new wavelengths can be used to deploy nonlinear phototriggering approaches by fully exploiting the nonlinear conversion efficiencies of nanoparticles as opposed to the comparatively smaller nonlinear absorption cross sections of molecules and drugs. , The generation of light in the SWIR region, apart from its interest in optoelectronics, can be used in combination with imaging approaches critically requiring low-scattering of the emitted signal for the image formation process, such as nonlinear light-sheet microscopy . Phase-coherent schemes based on two-color interactions have been recently demonstrated for increasing spatial resolution both for scanning and wide-field approaches …”

Nanocarriers in photodynamic therapy—in vitro and in vivo studies

“…• Enhanced singlet oxygen generation • Increased PDT effect (Hela cell line-cervical cancer) (Sun, Ji, & He, 2019) Carboxymethyl chitosan • Enhanced PDT efficacy (Cal-27 cell line-oral cancer) (X. Zhang et al, 2019) Rose bengal-loaded surfacemodified albumin nanoparticles…”