Shift work and mental health: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Zhao, Yixuan; Richardson, Alice; Poyser, Carmel; Butterworth, Peter; Strazdins, Lyndall; Leach, Liana

doi:10.1007/s00420-019-01434-3

Cited by 75 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Initially, before gender differences were explored, the simple mediation model showed that working in irregular shift work (but not regular or rotating shift work) was associated with greater work–family conflict, which in turn mediated the association between irregular shift work and higher psychological distress. These results align with a previous systematic review conducted by Zhao et al (2019), which found evidence that irregular shift work has a negative impact on workers' mental health. The current results suggest that irregular/unpredictable shift work may disrupt family routines and is a barrier to forming consistent patterns in work and family roles, and this work-family disruption is connected to greater psychological distress over and above the other stressors involved in working irregular shifts (i.e.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…While shift work might assist parents to accommodate their work and child care responsibilities, there is also reason to suggest it may have a a negative impact—including on work–family conflict and mental health (Hertz & Charlton, 1989; Joshi & Bogen, 2007; Mills & Täht, 2010; Zhao et al, 2019). Shift workers usually adopt a care-providing strategy known as “tag-team parenting”—where one partner takes care of the children while the other works.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast to the well-established link between shift work and physical health (Kecklund & Axelsson, 2016), the evidence for an association between shift work and workers' mental health is inconsistent and different across types of shift work (Zhao et al, 2019). Several studies have found that irregular/unpredictable shift work is associated with depression, anxiety, and general mental ill-health (Bara & Arber, 2009; Grzywacz et al, 2016; Niedhammer et al, 2015), while there is less evidence of the same for night/evening shifts, weekend shifts, and rotating shifts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To our knowledge, only Jansen et al (2003) has investigated gender differences, finding that shift work significantly increased the risk of work–family conflict for men but not women (although this study also analysed men and women separately). In contrast, research that has focused on the association between shift work and mental health suggests the association may be stronger for women (Bildt & Michelsen, 2002; Driesen et al, 2011), although none of this research has explored the role of work-family conflict, and formal tests of gender differences are again rare (see Zhao et al 2019 for a review).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Parents' Shift Work in Connection with Work–Family Conflict and Mental Health: Examining the Pathways for Mothers and Fathers

Zhao

Cooklin

Strazdins

et al. 2020

Journal of Family Issues

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Shift work might aggravate work–family conflict and mental health. The current study used moderated-mediation analyses to investigate the association between shift work and mental health, whether work–family conflict explained this association, and whether the pathways differed between genders. The sample included 756 mothers and 452 fathers participating in the “Families at Work” survey, an online nationwide community-based survey of employed parents. The findings highlight the complex interplay between parents' work schedules, work–family conflict and psychological distress. They show some evidence that working irregular shifts was associated with higher work–family conflict in connection with higher psychological distress, with fathers at greater risk. Working regular shifts was associated with poorer mental health, but this was not related to increased work–family conflict, and this association was stronger for mothers. As the labor force becomes increasingly fractured, it is critical that the impacts of non-standard work schedules continue to be considered.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Parents' Shift Work in Connection with Work–Family Conflict and Mental Health: Examining the Pathways for Mothers and Fathers

Zhao

Cooklin

Strazdins

et al. 2020

Journal of Family Issues

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Research has shown that approximately 20%–30% of shift workers experience symptoms of insomnia (Booker, Magee, Rajaratnam, Sletten, & Howard, ), and insomnia can be seen as a result of high job demand related to shift work. Moreover, insomnia impacts mental health (Buysse, ; Fernandez‐Mendoza & Vgontzas, ; Zhao et al, ). One study developed the JD‐R model specifically for nurses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nurses' mental health and patient safety: An extension of the Job Demands–Resources model

et al. 2020

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Aim We employed the job demands–resources model to examine the impacts of job demands and resources on Chinese nurses' mental health and patient safety. Background Employee mental health and patient safety represent important organisational goals in most hospitals. However, their relationships to insomnia, professional resources and job crafting, as related to the job demands–resources model among nurses, remain unclear. Methods A convenience sample of 2095 registered hospital nurses was recruited from 25 provinces of mainland China from June 2019 to July 2019. Data were collected using self‐reported questionnaires that included the following instruments: the Chinese version of the Athens Insomnia Scale, the Practice Environment Scale of the Nursing Work Index, the Job Crafting Scale, the Emotional Exhaustion Scale, the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale, the General Health Questionnaire and the Safety Attitudes Questionnaire. Results The final model confirmed our hypotheses: burnout mediated the relationship between actual job demands and mental health; work engagement mediated the relationship between perceived job resources and attitudes with regard to patient safety; and job crafting enhanced work engagement and practice environment. Conclusion The job demands–resources model was extended based on the nurses' job characteristics and mental health, as well as patient safety. Implications for Nursing Management These findings may contribute to nursing management strategies that encourage employees to prevent burnout, promote work engagement and job crafting, and in turn promote nurses' mental health and patient safety.

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Suicide mortality according to occupation and method of suicide, Massachusetts, 2010–2019

Hawkins,

Patel

2024

American J Industrial Med

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BackgroundSuicide rates in the United States have been increasing. Work‐related factors may contribute to risk for suicide. These work‐related factors may be reflected in a varied risk for different suicide methods between occupations. This study sought to assess occupational differences in suicide rates according to the method used.MethodsDeath certificate data about suicide deaths in Massachusetts between 2010 and 2019 were used to calculate mortality rates and rate ratios with univariable and multivariable models controlling for age, sex, race ethnicity, and educational attainment for suicides overall, and for three specific methods of suicide (hanging/strangulation/suffocation, firearms, and poisoning) by occupation.ResultsIn multivariate models, the risk for suicide was significantly elevated for workers in arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media (relative risk [RR] = 1.84, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.53, 2.22); construction trades (RR = 1.68, 95% CI = 1.53, 1.84); protective services (RR = 1.49, 95% CI = 1.26, 1.77); and healthcare support occupations (RR = 1.55, 95% CI = 1.25, 1.93). Occupational risk for suicide differed across different methods. For hanging/strangulation/suffocation, workers in arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media occupations had the highest RR (2.09, 95% CI = 1.61, 2.71). For firearms, workers in protective service occupations had the highest RR (4.20, 95% CI = 3.30, 5.34). For poisoning, workers in life, physical, and social science occupations had the highest RR (2.32, 95% CI = 1.49, 3.60).ConclusionsThese findings are useful for identifying vulnerable working populations for suicide. Additionally, some of the occupational differences in the risk for suicide and for specific methods of suicide may be due to workplace factors. Further research is needed to understand these workplace factors so that interventions can be designed for prevention.

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Shift work and mental health: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Cited by 75 publications

References 48 publications

Parents' Shift Work in Connection with Work–Family Conflict and Mental Health: Examining the Pathways for Mothers and Fathers

Parents' Shift Work in Connection with Work–Family Conflict and Mental Health: Examining the Pathways for Mothers and Fathers

Nurses' mental health and patient safety: An extension of the Job Demands–Resources model

Suicide mortality according to occupation and method of suicide, Massachusetts, 2010–2019

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