Shifting of gas chromatographic retention times due to solvent effects — a study using sulfur chemiluminescence detection

Dietz, Edward A.

doi:10.1002/jhrc.1240190903

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…This is due to the different matrixes in which the decane is dissolved. If we consider the other three analytes as a collective solvent, the retention times deviate in accordance with previously published results . The solvent-induced retention time shifting is more dramatic when the analyte peak elutes close to a one large solvent peak or a group of solvent peaks.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 88%

Ultrafast Gas Chromatography on Single-Wall Carbon Nanotube Stationary Phases in Microfabricated Channels

et al. 2006

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The key to rapid temperature programmed separations with gas chromatography are a fast, low-volume injection and a short microbore separation column with fast resistive heating. One of the major problems with the reduction of column dimensions for micro gas chromatography is the availability of a stationary phase that provides good separation performance. In this report, we present the first integration of single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) as a stationary phase into 100 mum x 100 mum square and 50-cm-long microfabricated channels. The small size of this column with integrated resistive heater and the robustness of the SWNT phase allow for fast temperature programming of up to 60 degrees C/s. A combination of the fast temperature programming and the narrow peak width of small-volume injections that can be obtained from a high-speed, dual-valve injection system allows for rapid separations of gas mixtures. We demonstrate highly reproducible separations of four-compound test mixtures on these columns in less than 1 s using fast temperature programming.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 88%

Ultrafast Gas Chromatography on Single-Wall Carbon Nanotube Stationary Phases in Microfabricated Channels

et al. 2006

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“…The retention times of the target phenols in wine were in a range of −4 and +24 s in comparison with the standards. The variation of the retention time of the analytes between standard solutions and real samples is commonly ascribed to matrix effects . Considering a measure to be consistent with the standard value when is within ±3SD of the standard retention time, phenol retention times in wine were not statistically consistent with those of the standards.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serial coupling of reversed‐phase and zwitterionic hydrophilic interaction LC/MS for the analysis of polar and nonpolar phenols in wine

Greco

Grosse

Letzel

2013

J of Separation Science

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In the present study, an easy and efficient method based on the serial coupling of analytical reversed-phase and zwitterionic hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography was developed for the simultaneous separation of polar and nonpolar phenols occurring in wine. The zwitterionic hydrophilic column was connected in series to the reversed-phase one via a T-piece, with which the ACN content in eluent of the second dimension was increased, in order to cope the solvent strength incompatibility between the two columns. The final mobile phase at low-flow rate (≤0.5 mL/min), high-ACN content (90%), and low-salt concentration was directed to an ESI-TOF-MS , for high accurate mass detections. The developed method was applied for the identification of target phenols in several wines. Retention time and peak width intra- and interday repeatability studies proved the reliability of the method for the simultaneous analysis of all the polar and nonpolar analytes in wine. The serial reversed-phase/zwitterionic hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography coupling offered the possibility to enlarge the number of identified compounds and it represents a valid approach for nontarget analysis of complex samples by a single injection.

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“…For instance, the difference in retention times seen between the aromatic analytes in jet fuel and those in heptane (see Figure ) is due primarily to the presence of the large band of components found below the aromatic analytes in the GC × GC chromatogram of jet fuel (see Figure A). This unresolved band of components traveled with the three aromatic analytes through the first GC column altering the column's chromatographic properties and changing retention times . Analysis by the standard addition method would eliminate this matrix effect.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The first technique is the standard addition method. If standards for the analytes of interest are measured in a chemical matrix different from the sample, then analyte retention times and peak widths can differ significantly between a sample and standard . Standard addition overcomes this problem.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…If standards for the analytes of interest are measured in a chemical matrix different from the sample, then analyte retention times and peak widths can differ significantly between a sample and standard. 31 Standard addition overcomes this problem. The second method described is a retention time alignment algorithm that corrects for the small, unavoidable run-to-run retention time variations caused by fluctuating instrumental parameters such as flow rate and temperature.…”

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Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography and Chemometrics for the High-Speed Quantitative Analysis of Aromatic Isomers in a Jet Fuel Using the Standard Addition Method and an Objective Retention Time Alignment Algorithm

2000

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A high-speed quantitative analysis of aromatic isomers in a jet fuel sample is performed using comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC x GC) and chemometrics. A GC x GC separation time of 2.8 min is achieved for three aromatic isomers in jet fuel, which is 5 times faster than a reference method in which a singlecolumn separation resolves two of the three isomers of interest. The high-speed GC x GC separation is more than 10 times faster than a recent GC x GC separation that fully resolves the three components of interest in gasoline. The high-speed GC x GC analysis of jet fuel is accomplished through short GC columns, high gas velocities, and partial chromatographic peak resolution followed by chemometric resolution of overlapped peaks. The standard addition method and an objective retention time alignment algorithm are used to correct for retention time variations prior to the chemometric data analysis. The standard addition method corrects for chemical matrix effects that cause analytes in complex samples to have peak shapes, widths, and retention times that differ considerably from those of calibration standards in pure solvents. The retention time alignment algorithm corrects for the relatively small retention time variations caused by fluctuating instrumental parameters such as flow rate and temperature. The use of data point interpolation in the retention time alignment algorithm results in a more accurate retention time correction then previously achieved. The generalized rank annihilation method (GRAM) is the chemometric technique used to resolve the overlapped GC x GC peaks. The correction of retention time variations allows for successful GRAM signal deconvolution. Using the retention time alignment algorithm, GRAM quantification accuracy and precision are improved by a factor of 4. The methodology used in this paper should be applicable to other comprehensive separation methods, such as two-dimensional liquid chromatography, liquid chromatography coupled with capillary electrophoresis, and liquid chromatography coupled with gas chromatography.

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Shifting of gas chromatographic retention times due to solvent effects — a study using sulfur chemiluminescence detection

Cited by 13 publications

References 12 publications

Ultrafast Gas Chromatography on Single-Wall Carbon Nanotube Stationary Phases in Microfabricated Channels

Ultrafast Gas Chromatography on Single-Wall Carbon Nanotube Stationary Phases in Microfabricated Channels

Serial coupling of reversed‐phase and zwitterionic hydrophilic interaction LC/MS for the analysis of polar and nonpolar phenols in wine

Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography and Chemometrics for the High-Speed Quantitative Analysis of Aromatic Isomers in a Jet Fuel Using the Standard Addition Method and an Objective Retention Time Alignment Algorithm

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