Shifting Patterns of Settlement in the Highlands of Central Jordan during the Early Bronze Age

Harrison, Timothy P.

doi:10.2307/1357546

Cited by 30 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Settlement patterns may provide some evidence for the existence of endemic warfare during the latter stages of the EBA; during EB II and EB III, populations tended to concentrate in the larger fortified settlements, while many of the smaller ones became deserted (Finkelstein & Gophna 1993; Getzov et al 2001; Gophna 1995; Greenberg 2002; 2003; Harrison 1997). This geographic pattern, in which gaps between settlements occur without being instigated by the environment, is usually attributed to enduring conflict.…”

Section: Settlement Patternmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sometimes Defence is Just an Excuse: Fortification Walls of the Southern Levantine Early Bronze Age

Ashkenazi

2019

CAJ

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The Early Bronze Age (EBA) of the southern Levant was the first period in which many sites became fortified. This process reached its climax during the latter part of the period (namely Early Bronze III). Until recently, most scholars saw this phenomenon as an indication that the period was characterized by a high level of organized conflict. The following article analyses the fortifications of eight EBA sites, as well as other markers of warfare, and argues that the period's fortifications were not as tactically efficient as they seem. Furthermore, other markers of war are generally missing. It seems that the period's fortifications were built mainly to demonstrate a town's might and power while deterring potential attackers. Taking into account the rise of social complexity during the period, they were also used to consolidate the society through the construction process and possibly to control movement and serve as a boundary marker. Incipient leaders, who planned and coordinated the construction, used possible threats and the construction process to aggrandize themselves as being the ‘protectors’ of the settlement.

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Section: Settlement Patternmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sometimes Defence is Just an Excuse: Fortification Walls of the Southern Levantine Early Bronze Age

Ashkenazi

2019

CAJ

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“…There were signs of cave occupation and migratory movements. In some areas, settlements completely disappeared, and remaining settlement sites were reduced by more than half of what existed before 2200 BC [89] (pp. .…”

Section: Deurbanization and Migrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nature–Culture Relations: Early Globalization, Climate Changes, and System Crisis

Chew

Sarabia

2016

Sustainability

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Globalization has been on everyone's lips in light of the contemporary conditions. It has been viewed mostly as a stage reached as a result of long-term societal changes over the course of world history. For us, globalization has been an ongoing process for at least the last 5000 years. Little attention has been paid to the socioeconomic and natural processes that led to the current transformation. With the exception of historical sociologists, there is less interest in examining the long-term past as it is often assumed that the past has nothing to teach us, and it is the future that we have to turn our intellectual gaze. This paper will argue the opposite. We believe a long-term tracing of the socioeconomic and political processes of the making of the modern world will allow us to have a more incisive understanding of the current trajectory of world development and transformations. To plead our case, we outline the emergence of the first Eurasian World Economy linking seven regions (Europe, the Arabian Peninsula, East Africa, the Persian Gulf, Central Asia, South Asia, Ceylon, Southeast Asia, and China) of the world, with the exception of the Americas, starting as early as 200 BC, and the sequence of structural crises and transformations (trading networks and commodities) that has circumscribed the structures and trends of the current global system. Such consideration in our view is limited if we do not also include the relations between social systems and Nature, and the rhythms of the climate. For the latter, an awareness of the natural rhythms of the climate as well as human induced changes or climate forcing have triggered system-wide level collapses during certain early historical periods.

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“…The most extensively studied and excavated site is Khirbet Iskander, which followed a typical regional trajectory of a site of its time, from a small Chalcolithic settlement to Early Bronze Age town (Harrison, 1997;Richard, 2000). It is generally implied that the transition from Chalcolithic village to an Early Bronze town involved agricultural intensification and strengthening in foreign trade (Richard, 1980(Richard, , 2000Philip, 2001).…”

Section: Middle Holocene Settlement History Along the Two Studied Strmentioning

confidence: 99%

Floodplain degradation and settlement history in Wadi al-Wala and Wadi ash-Shallalah, Jordan

Córdova¹

2008

Geomorphology

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Shifting Patterns of Settlement in the Highlands of Central Jordan during the Early Bronze Age

Cited by 30 publications

References 3 publications

Sometimes Defence is Just an Excuse: Fortification Walls of the Southern Levantine Early Bronze Age

Sometimes Defence is Just an Excuse: Fortification Walls of the Southern Levantine Early Bronze Age

Nature–Culture Relations: Early Globalization, Climate Changes, and System Crisis

Floodplain degradation and settlement history in Wadi al-Wala and Wadi ash-Shallalah, Jordan

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