Shifts in diversification rates linked to biogeographic movement into new areas: An example of a recent radiation in the Andes

Uribe‐Convers, Simon; Tank, David C.

doi:10.3732/ajb.1500229

Cited by 54 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 93 publications

(126 reference statements)

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“…We hypothesize that this is a result of the rapid diversification of migrating cool pre‐adapted Pleurothallidinae lineages from Central America into already formed montane environments (Hoorn et al ., ). Similar diversification patterns have been reported for Lupinus , Bartsia , Adoxaceae, Valerianaceae and, more recently, Ericaceae (Donoghue & Sanderson, ; Schwery et al ., ; Uribe‐Convers & Tank, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent origin and rapid speciation of Neotropical orchids in the world's richest plant biodiversity hotspot

et al. 2017

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Summary The Andean mountains of South America are the most species‐rich biodiversity hotspot worldwide with c. 15% of the world's plant species, in only 1% of the world's land surface. Orchids are a key element of the Andean flora, and one of the most prominent components of the Neotropical epiphyte diversity, yet very little is known about their origin and diversification.We address this knowledge gap by inferring the biogeographical history and diversification dynamics of the two largest Neotropical orchid groups (Cymbidieae and Pleurothallidinae), using two unparalleled, densely sampled orchid phylogenies (including more than 400 newly generated DNA sequences), comparative phylogenetic methods, geological and biological datasets.We find that the majority of Andean orchid lineages only originated in the last 20–15 million yr. Andean lineages are derived from lowland Amazonian ancestors, with additional contributions from Central America and the Antilles. Species diversification is correlated with Andean orogeny, and multiple migrations and recolonizations across the Andes indicate that mountains do not constrain orchid dispersal over long timescales.Our study sheds new light on the timing and geography of a major Neotropical diversification, and suggests that mountain uplift promotes species diversification across all elevational zones.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent origin and rapid speciation of Neotropical orchids in the world's richest plant biodiversity hotspot

et al. 2017

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“…Furthermore, geologically dynamic areas might be prone to welcome the immigration (and subsequent diversification) of pre-adapted lineages from distant regions once mountains have experienced sufficient uplift (or climate cooling) to allow for the opening of new habitat containing unoccupied niches at higher elevations. This was probably the case for Bartsia in the Andes (Uribe-Convers & Tank, 2015), for Saxifraga in the region of the QTP (Ebersbach et al, 2017). Within mountain systems, some regions might act as reservoir or refugia (e.g., the Hengduan Mountains), whereas others (e.g., the Himalayas) would repeatedly be re-colonized following local extinctions driven by climate oscillations (Xing & Ree, 2017).…”

Section: Age Estimation and Drivers Of Diversificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increasing phylogenetic support for explosively radiating taxa: The promise of high‐throughput sequencing for Oxytropis (Fabaceae)

Shavvon

Osaloo

Maassoumii

et al. 2017

J of Sytematics Evolution

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The origin and evolution of alpine biota are not yet fully understood, particularly in the vast Asian mountain regions. In addition, in these regions, most studies have concentrated on taxa occurring in areas benefitting from relatively generous rainfall from the summer monsoon. In this study, we collected a large number of Oxytropis species throughout their distribution range, and investigated the taxonomy and evolution of this diverse legume genus, which also occurs in mountainous areas prone to drought. Using nuclear (ITS) and plastid (trnL‐F) markers, we reconstructed phylogenetic relationships within Oxytropis, conducting maximum parsimony, fasttree‐like, maximum likelihood, Bayesian, and BEAST analyses. We also used Anchored Hybrid Enrichment (AHE) to test the power of this method to resolve relationships among a small subset of Oxytropis species. For AHE, we sampled eight species and obtained 527 low‐copy and orthologous nuclear loci. We show that the taxonomy of this genus that radiated explosively in Asian mountains will remain recalcitrant based on conventional molecular methods. Because of a severe lack of resolution, none of the available taxonomic treatments for Oxytropis could either be confirmed or refuted based upon ITS and trnL‐F. Nevertheless, we confirm the status of several species, and identify morphological or genetic particularities for some groups of species. The AHE approach yielded a highly supported phylogenetic tree, suggesting that increased taxon sampling coupled with AHE methods promise advances in the study of the taxonomy and evolution of Oxytropis, thus providing further analytical opportunities, such as diversification rate and biogeographical analyses.

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“…The idea that ecological opportunity is the key driver of radiations is particularly compelling for oceanic island systems (Lack, 1947;Losos, 1994;B€ ohle et al, 1996;Baldwin & Sanderson, 1998;Givnish, 2000;Losos & Ricklefs, 2009;Grant & Grant, 2011). Island-like systems (Itescu, 2018) such as lakes (Fryer, 1969;Seehausen, 2015), caves (Gillespie, 2004;Wessel et al, 2013) and mountains often present similar ecological opportunities, potentially driving radiations in these systems (Knowles, 2000;Kadereit & von Hagen, 2003;Hughes & Eastwood, 2006;N€ urk et al, 2013b;Uribe-Convers & Tank, 2015;Gehrke et al, 2016;Pouchon et al, 2018). Despite the centrality of extrinsic opportunity for radiations on island and island-like systems, quantitative comparative analyses of ecological opportunities across different radiations have rarely been undertaken.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Island woodiness underpins accelerated disparification in plant radiations

2019

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Summary The evolution of secondary (insular) woodiness and the rapid disparification of plant growth forms associated with island radiations show intriguing parallels between oceanic islands and tropical alpine sky islands. However, the evolutionary significance of these phenomena remains poorly understood and the focus of debate. We explore the evolutionary dynamics of species diversification and trait disparification across evolutionary radiations in contrasting island systems compared with their nonisland relatives. We estimate rates of species diversification, growth form evolution and phenotypic space saturation for the classical oceanic island plant radiations – the Hawaiian silverswords and Macaronesian Echium – and the well‐studied sky island radiations of Lupinus and Hypericum in the Andes. We show that secondary woodiness is associated with dispersal to islands and with accelerated rates of species diversification, accelerated disparification of plant growth forms and occupancy of greater phenotypic trait space for island clades than their nonisland relatives, on both oceanic and sky islands. We conclude that secondary woodiness is a prerequisite that could act as a key innovation, manifest as the potential to occupy greater trait space, for plant radiations on island systems in general, further emphasizing the importance of combinations of clade‐specific traits and ecological opportunities in driving adaptive radiations.

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Shifts in diversification rates linked to biogeographic movement into new areas: An example of a recent radiation in the Andes

Cited by 54 publications

References 93 publications

Recent origin and rapid speciation of Neotropical orchids in the world's richest plant biodiversity hotspot

Recent origin and rapid speciation of Neotropical orchids in the world's richest plant biodiversity hotspot

Increasing phylogenetic support for explosively radiating taxa: The promise of high‐throughput sequencing for Oxytropis (Fabaceae)

Island woodiness underpins accelerated disparification in plant radiations

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