SHIHbot: A Facebook chatbot for Sexual Health Information on HIV/AIDS

Brixey, Jacqueline; Hoegen, Rens; Wei, Lan; Rusow, Joshua A.; Singla, Karan; Yin, Xin; Artstein, Ron; Leuski, Anton

doi:10.18653/v1/w17-5544

Cited by 63 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Although no systematic review of chatbots for lifestyle modification programs has been published, there are several reviews on chatbots covering health care issues ranging from mental health support and smoking cessation to disease diagnosis [ 16 , 30 ]. Owing to the different natures of targeted behaviors, some chatbots were mainly designed to provide information and knowledge [ 31 ], whereas others were developed based on established mental health intervention programs such as cognitive behavioral therapy [ 32 ]. One relevant review [ 33 ] focused on discussing the development of embodied conversational agents for a healthy lifestyle, and pointed out that the interpretation and application of behavior change theories were usually not reported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Artificial Intelligence Chatbot Behavior Change Model for Designing Artificial Intelligence Chatbots to Promote Physical Activity and a Healthy Diet: Viewpoint

Zhang¹,

Oh²,

Lange³

et al. 2020

J Med Internet Res

212

116

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Background Chatbots empowered by artificial intelligence (AI) can increasingly engage in natural conversations and build relationships with users. Applying AI chatbots to lifestyle modification programs is one of the promising areas to develop cost-effective and feasible behavior interventions to promote physical activity and a healthy diet. Objective The purposes of this perspective paper are to present a brief literature review of chatbot use in promoting physical activity and a healthy diet, describe the AI chatbot behavior change model our research team developed based on extensive interdisciplinary research, and discuss ethical principles and considerations. Methods We conducted a preliminary search of studies reporting chatbots for improving physical activity and/or diet in four databases in July 2020. We summarized the characteristics of the chatbot studies and reviewed recent developments in human-AI communication research and innovations in natural language processing. Based on the identified gaps and opportunities, as well as our own clinical and research experience and findings, we propose an AI chatbot behavior change model. Results Our review found a lack of understanding around theoretical guidance and practical recommendations on designing AI chatbots for lifestyle modification programs. The proposed AI chatbot behavior change model consists of the following four components to provide such guidance: (1) designing chatbot characteristics and understanding user background; (2) building relational capacity; (3) building persuasive conversational capacity; and (4) evaluating mechanisms and outcomes. The rationale and evidence supporting the design and evaluation choices for this model are presented in this paper. Conclusions As AI chatbots become increasingly integrated into various digital communications, our proposed theoretical framework is the first step to conceptualize the scope of utilization in health behavior change domains and to synthesize all possible dimensions of chatbot features to inform intervention design and evaluation. There is a need for more interdisciplinary work to continue developing AI techniques to improve a chatbot’s relational and persuasive capacities to change physical activity and diet behaviors with strong ethical principles.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Artificial Intelligence Chatbot Behavior Change Model for Designing Artificial Intelligence Chatbots to Promote Physical Activity and a Healthy Diet: Viewpoint

Zhang¹,

Oh²,

Lange³

et al. 2020

J Med Internet Res

212

116

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Conversational agents or ontology-based chatbot systems enable verbal and textual communication imitating human interactions in an affordable way. The number of chatbots used in healthcare is rapidly growing, with several already used in SRH 12 13. Chatbots may provide access to reliable information at times when contact with health professionals is not possible, especially among patients experiencing anxiety, embarrassment or who typically browse popular but less reliable search engines to look for SRH information.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acceptability of artificial intelligence (AI)-enabled chatbots, video consultations and live webchats as online platforms for sexual health advice

Nadarzynski

Bayley

Llewellyn

et al. 2020

BMJ Sex Reprod Health

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ObjectivesSexual and reproductive health (SRH) services are undergoing a digital transformation. This study explored the acceptability of three digital services, (i) video consultations via Skype, (ii) live webchats with a health advisor and (iii) artificial intelligence (AI)-enabled chatbots, as potential platforms for SRH advice.MethodsA pencil-and-paper 33-item survey was distributed in three clinics in Hampshire, UK for patients attending SRH services. Logistic regressions were performed to identify the correlates of acceptability.ResultsIn total, 257 patients (57% women, 50% aged <25 years) completed the survey. As the first point of contact, 70% preferred face-to-face consultations, 17% telephone consultation, 10% webchats and 3% video consultations. Most would be willing to use video consultations (58%) and webchat facilities (73%) for ongoing care, but only 40% found AI chatbots acceptable. Younger age (<25 years) (OR 2.43, 95% CI 1.35 to 4.38), White ethnicity (OR 2.87, 95% CI 1.30 to 6.34), past sexually transmitted infection (STI) diagnosis (OR 2.05, 95% CI 1.07 to 3.95), self-reported STI symptoms (OR 0.58, 95% CI 0.34 to 0.97), smartphone ownership (OR 16.0, 95% CI 3.64 to 70.5) and the preference for a SRH smartphone application (OR 1.95, 95% CI 1.13 to 3.35) were associated with video consultations, webchats or chatbots acceptability.ConclusionsAlthough video consultations and webchat services appear acceptable, there is currently little support for SRH chatbots. The findings demonstrate a preference for human interaction in SRH services. Policymakers and intervention developers need to ensure that digital transformation is not only cost-effective but also acceptable to users, easily accessible and equitable to all populations using SRH services.

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“…Quro utilizes a personalized chatbot interface to support selfdiagnosis [35]. Shihbot is an intelligent conversational system embedded in social media to promote the search of sexualrelated health information [36]. Moreover, a variety of studies have deployed chatbot features to facilitate effective health interventions that encourage patients to quit smoking [37], increase physical activity [38], or control weight [39].…”

Section: B Conversational Interfaces For Clinical Routinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding Physician’s Experience With Conversational Interfaces During Occupational Health Consultation

et al. 2020

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This paper presents an exploratory study on using conversational interfaces (CIs) to support physicians in conducting occupational health consultations. The CI was achieved through a web-based information dashboard with a chatbot assistant for providing real-time suggestions through text messages. Two system designs were developed: the first using a proactive chatbot, the second using an on-demand type of interaction. The effectiveness of the proposed CI and the two types of chatbot designs were investigated in a field study consisted of eight healthcare consultations. Quantitative results showed that the CI was positively evaluated as a reliable tool to be used during medical consultations and that occupational health physicians were eager to use this technology in their work. The qualitative data analysis suggested that our design concept might improve the workflow during the consultation, particularly with respect to the access to relevant information and structured decision-making processes using valuable references. The on-demand, lightweight type of chatbot interaction was better perceived than the proactive one. Based on these findings, we discuss implications for the future development of occupational health consultation based on CI and their potential contribution to computer-assisted, data-driven healthcare.

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SHIHbot: A Facebook chatbot for Sexual Health Information on HIV/AIDS

Cited by 63 publications

References 8 publications

Artificial Intelligence Chatbot Behavior Change Model for Designing Artificial Intelligence Chatbots to Promote Physical Activity and a Healthy Diet: Viewpoint

Artificial Intelligence Chatbot Behavior Change Model for Designing Artificial Intelligence Chatbots to Promote Physical Activity and a Healthy Diet: Viewpoint

Acceptability of artificial intelligence (AI)-enabled chatbots, video consultations and live webchats as online platforms for sexual health advice

Understanding Physician’s Experience With Conversational Interfaces During Occupational Health Consultation

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