Ship routing optimisation based on forecasted weather data and considering safety criteria

Kytariolou, Ageliki; Themelis, Nikos

doi:10.1017/s0373463322000613

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The first term in Equation ( 7) represents the propeller K T /J 2 characteristic, while the second term represents the hull demand. From Equation (7), the advance coefficient is computed, and then, the propeller revolution at equilibrium n p is found [30].…”

Section: Powermentioning

confidence: 99%

Wind-Assisted Ship Propulsion: Matching Flettner Rotors with Diesel Engines and Controllable Pitch Propellers

Vigna

Figari

2023

JMSE

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The harvesting of wind energy and its transformation into a thrust force for ship propulsion are gaining in popularity due to the expected benefit in fuel consumption and emission reductions. To exploit these benefits, a proper matching between the conventional diesel engine-screw propeller propulsion plant and the wind-assisted plant is key. This paper aims to present a method and a code for the preliminary sizing of a ship propulsion plant based on a diesel engine, a controllable pitch propeller, and one or more Flettner rotors. A mathematical model describing the behaviour of the rotor in terms of propulsive thrust and power is proposed. The rotor model has been integrated into an existing diesel propulsion model in order to evaluate the ship’s fuel consumption. The ship’s propulsion model is written in a parametric form with respect to the following design parameters: ship dimensions and resistance-speed curve, propeller diameter, engine power, rotor geometry, and true wind conditions. The methodology helps in evaluating the engine–propeller working points and eventually the total ship propulsive power, including the power required to spin the rotor. It provides a way to compare wind-assisted propulsive solutions in terms of fuel consumption and CO2 emissions. A 3000-ton Ro-Ro/Pax ferry has been selected as a case study. Results on the parametric analysis of rotor dimensions and propeller pitch optimization are presented.

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Section: Powermentioning

confidence: 99%

Wind-Assisted Ship Propulsion: Matching Flettner Rotors with Diesel Engines and Controllable Pitch Propellers

Vigna

Figari

2023

JMSE

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“…Speed loss is taken into consideration, pointing out its influence on fuel oil consumption. In Kytariolou and Themelis [8], a new weather routing tool was presented. The tool aimed to calculate the optimal path, in terms of fuel oil consumption, while considering weather forecast data and predefined safety criteria.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The weather routing tool used in the current study is developed in the MATLAB environment [8], and Figure 1 presents the respective calculation framework. The tool can generate random routes between a port of departure to a given port of arrival.…”

Section: Weather Routing Toolmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…where ρ is sea water density, S is the wetted surface of the hull, and V S is the ship's speed. The quantity of R calm in Equation ( 1) is now replaced with Equation (8).…”

Section: Fouling Impactmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The points mentioned in the x-axis in the following figures correspond to the points that intersect with the main grid. Since the spatial resolution of the wave, wind, and current data may be different, the wave resolution is the chosen one to form the main grid, while information about wind and current on the main grid is obtained via linear interpolation [8]. In Figures 11 and 12 the significant wave height and the relative heading along the routes with clean, medium, and heavy fouled hull are shown along the corresponding optimal paths.…”

Section: Examination Of the Impact Of Hull And Propeller Fouling On O...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optimized Route Planning under the Effect of Hull and Propeller Fouling and Considering Ocean Currents

Kytariolou

Themelis

2023

JMSE

Self Cite

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Route planning procedures for ocean-going vessels depend significantly on prevailing weather conditions, the ship’s design characteristics and the current operational state of the vessel. The operational status considers hull and propeller fouling, which significantly affects fuel oil consumption coupled with route selection. The current paper examines the effect of the fouling level on the selection of the optimized route compared with the clean hull/propeller as well as the orthodrome/loxodrome route. A developed weather routing tool is utilized, which is based on a physics-based model for the calculation of the main engine’s fuel oil consumption enriched to account for different fouling levels of the hull and the propeller. A genetic algorithm is employed to solve the optimization problem. A case regarding a containership in trans-Atlantic transit using forecasted weather data is presented. The effect of ocean currents is also examined as it was derived that they greatly affect route selection, revealing a strong dependence on the level of fouling. Ignoring the fouling impact can result in miscalculations regarding the estimated fuel oil consumption for a transit. Similarly, when ocean currents are ignored in the route planning process, the resulting optimal paths do not ensure energy saving.

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Multi-Objective Route Planning Model for Ocean-Going Ships Based on Bidirectional A-Star Algorithm Considering Meteorological Risk and IMO Guidelines

Wang,

Qian,

Hong

et al. 2024

Applied Sciences

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In this study, a new route planning model is proposed to help ocean-going ships avoid dangerous weather conditions and ensure safe ship navigation. First, we integrate ocean-going ship vulnerability into the study of the influence of meteorological and oceanic factors on navigational risk. A multi-layer fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model for weather risk assessment is established. A multi-objective nonlinear route planning model is then constructed by comprehensively considering the challenges of fuel consumption, risk, and time during ship navigation. The International Maritime Organization (IMO) guidelines are highlighted as constraints in the calculations, and wind, wave, and calm water resistance to ships in the latest ITTC method is added to the fuel consumption and sailing time in the objective function. Finally, considering the large amount of data required for ocean voyages, the bidirectional A* algorithm is applied to solve the model and reduce the planning time. Furthermore, our model is applied to the case of an accident reported in the Singapore Maritime Investigation Report, and the results show that the model-planned route is very close to the original planned route using the Towing Manual, with an average fit of 98.22%, and the overall meteorological risk of the model-planned route is 11.19% smaller than the original route; our model can therefore be used to plan a safer route for the vessel. In addition, the importance of risk assessments and the IMO guidelines as well as the efficiency of the bidirectional A* algorithm were analyzed and discussed. The results show that the model effectively lowers the meteorological risk, is more efficient than the traditional route planning algorithm, and is 86.82% faster than the Dijkstra algorithm and 49.16% faster than the A* algorithm.

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Ship routing optimisation based on forecasted weather data and considering safety criteria

Cited by 6 publications

References 29 publications

Wind-Assisted Ship Propulsion: Matching Flettner Rotors with Diesel Engines and Controllable Pitch Propellers

Wind-Assisted Ship Propulsion: Matching Flettner Rotors with Diesel Engines and Controllable Pitch Propellers

Optimized Route Planning under the Effect of Hull and Propeller Fouling and Considering Ocean Currents

Multi-Objective Route Planning Model for Ocean-Going Ships Based on Bidirectional A-Star Algorithm Considering Meteorological Risk and IMO Guidelines

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