Shock-cavitational mechanism of X-ray generation during fast water stream cavitation

Nuclear fusion: the management prospects

“…. The intensity of the additional poloidal magnetic field excited by the toroidal magnetic field will be of the order of In this case, the estimate of the diffusion rate with respect to the original magnetic fields is as follows (5) The additional toroidal magnetic field will increase by an amount (6) In conclusion, Professor VVAksenov notes that "the above approach to the description of electrodynamics in a tokamak needs a more thorough analysis involving the Boltzmann equation describing the behavior of plasma particles with increasing temperature in a complex magnetic field different from the toroidal one that arises in a tokamak due to self-generation. At the present time, electrodynamics in a tokamak is described by the well-known classical Maxwell equations.…”

Detection and Investigation of Anomalous (Undamped) Thermal Waves

“…They, in particular, are regarded as illustrations in any textbook on mathematical physics and are used for solving of some applications (in particular, the problem of propagation of extremely low-frequency temperature wave in soil, which is caused by seasonal temperature variations with a period of 1 year). Analysis of the initial equations (2)- (4) shows that at least two important conditions are used there: the principle of local thermodynamic equilibrium and the principle of locality. The principle of locality allows to use the energy conservation equation in differential (local) form instead of the conservation of energy equation in integral form.…”

“…Methods discussed below show that more correct and adequate is the revision of the basic ratios and initial concepts, which are used without limits of obtaining the "standard" initial relations (2)(3)(4). The main of them relates to the hypothesis of the use of locally equilibrium (thermalized) environment for the receiving of these relations.…”

“…The research of the propagation in the air of waves, which are not electromagnetic or acoustic, and the formation of which was stimulated on the target surface by very short mechanical shocks, connected with cavitation phenomena in liquids, was carried out on the basis of several systems used by us during the experiments on cavitation water jets [1,4,5,17,18].…”

“…In our previous studies [1][2][3][4][5][6] various radiative processes that accompany the cavitation of liquid jet exiting under pressure from a narrow channel were considered. At the time of these studies we have observed non-trivial physical processes during the interaction of this jet with the target.…”