Shock Hugoniot equations of state for binary water-alcohol liquid mixtures

Abstract

Shock Hugoniot data were obtained using laser generated shock and ultrafast dynamic ellipsometry (UDE) methods for several non-ideal water-alcohol liquid mixtures, with the alcohols being methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol, 2-propanol, 1-butanol, and t-butanol (a.k.a., 2-methyl-2-propanol or tert-butanol). The sound speeds of the mixtures were obtained using Brillouin scattering when not available in the literature. The shock and particle velocities obtained from the UDE data were compared to expectations of the universal liquid Hugoniot (ULH) and to literature shock (plate impact) data where available. The ethanol/water data were presented in a previous publication [Schulze et al., J. Phys. Chem. A 117, 6158–6163 (2013)]. The shock Hugoniot trends for all these mixtures, here represented as deviations from predictions of the ULH, versus fraction of alcohol are quite similar to each other and suggest that complex hydrogen bonding networks in alcohol-water mixtures alter the compressibility of the mixtures.

Ultrafast Chemical Reactions in Shocked Nitromethane Probed with Dynamic Ellipsometry and Transient Absorption Spectroscopy

“…These data are the first u s – u p points for shocked DETA in the literature. DETA is a nonideal liquid and hydrogen bonding may contribute to its Hugoniot data lying consistently above the ULH. , The points do not deviate from the offset ULH throughout our range, indicative of a material that does not undergo a volume-changing reaction under our conditions. The data for all UDE points are included in the Supporting Information.…”

Observations on the nucleation of ice VII in compressed water

“…The kinks in the incoming wave are from the first and third reflections of the reverberating ring-up. The two liquids are compressed at different times due to the lower compressibility of ethanol [4], but the peak state reached is the same for both liquids. The water shows a noticeable decline in velocity relative to the ethanol over several hundred nanoseconds, indicative of a small volume decrease and characteristic of a phase change to ice VII.…”

Insight into the Chemistry of PETN Under Shock Compression Through Ultrafast Broadband Mid-Infrared Absorption Spectroscopy

“…Instead, we observe a new absorption feature at ∼2200 cm –1 , a stronger absorption at 1650 cm –1 , and strong, irreversible VIS absorption. Additionally, thermal population and vibrational ladder climbing mechanisms should have increased absorption at lower frequencies prior to higher frequencies. , Several publications from this group have suggested that strong, irreversible VIS absorptions coincide with deviations from the unreactive Hugoniot curve and can be attributed to shock induced chemistry. ,− ,, Given all of the evidence, we suggest that changes are due to chemistry and not thermal population induced changes.…”

“…104,105 Several publications from this group have suggested that strong, irreversible VIS absorptions coincide with deviations from the unreactive Hugoniot curve and can be attributed to shock induced chemistry. 41,[64][65][66]76,77 Given all of the evidence, we suggest that changes are due to chemistry and not thermal population induced changes. IV.4.…”

“…The laser driven shock apparatus and multiple diagnostics have been detailed in various publications over several years. ,− A single pulse from a Ti:sapphire chirped pulse amplifier (CPA) was used to simultaneously generate the shock, characterize the shock interferometrically, and generate spectroscopic probe beams for electronic and vibrational absorption spectroscopy. An in-depth description of how each beam is generated and used has been reported elsewhere …”