Shock-induced large-depth gradient microstructure in commercial pure titanium subjected to explosive hardening

Research on Explosive Hardening of Titanium Grade 2

“…In the case of titanium alloys, a dynamic pressure load of 8 GPa causes a phase transition α → ω, i.e., a reconstruction of the hexagonal lattice into a spatially centered cubic lattice. At this pressure value and higher, the formation of a coniferous structure is observed, and the strengthening itself has its source in strongly defective phase transformation products [ 18 , 19 ]. Below the pressure value of 8 GPa, the hardening obtained by explosive treatment will be mainly the result of the twinning of the microstructure [ 19 ].…”

“…At this pressure value and higher, the formation of a coniferous structure is observed, and the strengthening itself has its source in strongly defective phase transformation products [ 18 , 19 ]. Below the pressure value of 8 GPa, the hardening obtained by explosive treatment will be mainly the result of the twinning of the microstructure [ 19 ]. In both cases, a significant increase in the strength parameters of the treated titanium alloy is observed [ 16 , 19 ].…”

“…Below the pressure value of 8 GPa, the hardening obtained by explosive treatment will be mainly the result of the twinning of the microstructure [ 19 ]. In both cases, a significant increase in the strength parameters of the treated titanium alloy is observed [ 16 , 19 ]. In the rather modest literature dealing with the impact of shock wave loading on the strength of titanium alloys, the emphasis is mainly on the microstructural aspects and microhardness distributions; thus, it does not provide accurate strength parameters for estimating the ability of the treated materials to carry operating loads.…”