Shock initiation of multi-component insensitive PBX explosives: Experiments and MC-DZK mesoscopic reaction rate model

Bai, Zhiling; Duan, Zhuo-Ping; Luo, Wen; Zhang, Zhenyu; Ou, Zhuo-Cheng; Huang, Fenglei

doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.02.028

Cited by 14 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The SHS‐DZK model is incorporated into a hydrodynamic code DYNA2D to simulate the 1D shock initiation and the detonation growth of HMX‐based PBX9501 (95 % HMX, 2.5 % Estane, 2.5 % BDNPA−F nitroplasticizer) and TATB‐based LX‐17 (92.5 % TATB, 7.5 % Kel‐F). The parameter values of the hot‐spot ignition term and the last two terms [18] of the SHS‐DZK model are listed in Table 2 and Table 3, respectively.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A multitude of studies showed that pore collapse is a dominant hot-spot mechanism for shock initiation of pressed solid explosives [6,[11][12]. Recently, Duan et al [12,[15][16][17][18][19] proposed an elastic/viscoplastic pore collapse "hot-spot" model and then developed a Duan-Zhang-Kim (DZK) mesoscopic reaction rate model, which can well delineate the effects of initial temperature, loading pressure, particle size, porosity, and binder's content/strength on shock initiation and detonation growth of PBXs. Up to now, the DZK model is generally accepted due to the advantage that fewer parameters in the DZK model need to be determined compared with the most commonly used ignition and growth model (IG) developed by Lee and Tarver [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A Statistical Hot Spot Reaction Rate Model for Shock Initiation of Polymer‐Bonded Explosives

Bai

Duan

Wang

et al. 2021

Propellants Explo Pyrotec

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A statistical hot spot reaction rate model for shock initiation and detonation of heterogeneous solid explosives is developed to devote a physically realistic description of the formation, growth, or coalescence of hot spots, combustion, and rapid transition to detonation. One of the most significant advantages of the statistical model is that it predicts well the influence of mesoscopic void size distribution and critical size of activated hot spots on the shock initiation and detonation growth of PBXs. The calculated pressure histories in both TATB-based LX-17 and HMX-based PBX9501 are found to be in good agreement with the experimental data. It is found that the shock initiation behavior of the HMX-based PBX is mainly controlled by the number density of hot spots and shows an accelerated reaction characteristic and that of the TATB-based PBX is determined by the combustion reaction process, which featured by a stable reaction characteristic. It is also found that the void size inside the explosive should be restricted as small as possible to effectively reduce the initiation sensitivity. The results could advance our knowledge of shock initiation of PBXs and provide guidelines for the synthesis of insensitive high composite explosives.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Statistical Hot Spot Reaction Rate Model for Shock Initiation of Polymer‐Bonded Explosives

Bai

Duan

Wang

et al. 2021

Propellants Explo Pyrotec

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It was demonstrated that for a given shock intensity and void volume fraction, elliptical and cylindrical voids arranged in line with their longest dimension produce much hotter hot spots than spherical voids. This indicates that void morphology has a significant effect on the hot spot temperature and that the spherical void assumption adopted in some theoretical analyses [29][30][31][32][33][34] can underestimate sensitivity. Furthermore, Rai et al [27] analyzed the responses of imaged mesostructures under shock loading and correlated the orientation of elongated voids with initiation sensitivity, indicating that sensitivity depends heavily on the orientations and aspect ratios of elongated voids.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Void Configurations on Hot Spot Temperature in PBXs under Impact Loading

Duan

et al. 2021

Propellants Explo Pyrotec

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In this study, similarity analysis and mesoscale simulations were performed to investigate hot spot temperatures in triangular voids inside polymer-bonded explosives (PBXs). We found that there are two different void collapse modes, namely single and double hydrodynamic jet modes. The hot spot temperatures achieved in the double hydrodynamic jet mode are much higher than previous predictions, such as predictions based on circular voids, which agrees with recent experimental observations. Additionally, we verified that void configuration (position and shape) plays a significant role in increasing hot spot tem-peratures, implying that when establishing a mesoscale reaction rate model, it is insufficient to use void volume alone to characterize the impact sensitivity of PBXs. Finally, two semi-empirical analytical expressions are proposed to represent the dependence of hot spot temperature on both the void configuration and shock intensity. The resulting theoretical predictions are in good agreement with the numerically simulated results. Such mesoscale analytical expressions can be used for establishing theoretical mesoscale hot spot ignition rate models in the future.

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“…Energetic materials (EMs) are indispensable in the fields of modern mineral exploitation, aerospace, manufacturing, and especially in the military. To fulfill the requirements for modern military and civil applications, demands are made on the storage safety, reliable initiation, and high energy output of EMs. − While the molecular structure of EMs is responsible for the chemical mechanism of the initiation, their crystal structure affects the physicochemical responses to the external stimulation. Nowadays, designing new EMs and modifying existing efficient explosives are the main ways to obtain EMs that perfectly meet the modern requirements.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Turn a Weakness into a Strength: Performance Enhancement of 2,6-Diamino-3,5-dinitropyrazine-1-oxide (LLM-105) via Defect Engineering

et al. 2021

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The stimuli-response behavior of energetic materials is strongly affected by the defects in crystals. Improving the performance of energetic materials through defect structure engineering is an effective but challenging method. Herein, we report a strategy for the defect regulation of LLM-105 crystals based on their response to external stimuli. The low-dimensional defects randomly distributed in crystals are proven to result in the premature decomposition of LLM-105, thereby reducing its thermal stability. With this property, the density of low-dimensional defects can be controllably decreased through a suitable heat treatment process, resulting in the emergence of voids and cracks in LLM-105 crystals. It is shown that the response of different types of defects to the external stimuli is selective. These changes in the defect structure of LLM-105 not only significantly enhance its thermal stability but also improve its initiation property and wettability, making LLM-105 one of the most attractive initiating explosives. Thus, the ability to tune explosive performance via defect engineering is shown in this work.

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Shock initiation of multi-component insensitive PBX explosives: Experiments and MC-DZK mesoscopic reaction rate model

Cited by 14 publications

References 20 publications

A Statistical Hot Spot Reaction Rate Model for Shock Initiation of Polymer‐Bonded Explosives

A Statistical Hot Spot Reaction Rate Model for Shock Initiation of Polymer‐Bonded Explosives

Influence of Void Configurations on Hot Spot Temperature in PBXs under Impact Loading

Turn a Weakness into a Strength: Performance Enhancement of 2,6-Diamino-3,5-dinitropyrazine-1-oxide (LLM-105) via Defect Engineering

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