Shock-tube investigation of ignition in methane-oxygen-argon mixtures

Lifshitz, Assa; Scheller, Karl; Burcat, Alexander; Skinner, Geoff

doi:10.1016/s0010-2180(71)80102-5

Cited by 203 publications

(82 citation statements)

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“…The activation energy for the present study was calculated at 53.4±0.35 kcal/mol using a multiple linear regression. A comparison of this with the activation energies from other studies [10,[21][22][23][24][25] (Table 2) shows that the activation energy obtained here is slightly higher. This discrepancy may be attributed to differences in the experimental setup, experimental conditions, and dilution components among the studies.…”

Section: Results and Data Analysissupporting

confidence: 67%

“…Shock tube studies on ignition of methane/hydrogen/oxygen mixtures at high temperatures have been reported by Lifshitz et al [10]. A promotion theory based on thermodynamics was proposed to account for the effect of hydrogen addition on ignition delay.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Ignition delay times for mixtures with hydrogen amount-of-substance fractions <40% and an equivalence ratio >1 were not reported by Herzler and Naumann. To the best of our knowledge, only few studies on ignition delay for methane/hydrogen mixtures have been reported [10][11][12][13][14], and the models are not optimal for prediction of the ignition delay time. Ignition delay data for methane/hydrogen mixtures, and in particular methane rich mixtures, are very important for modification of the model of methane/hydrogen oxidation.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Experimental and kinetic study on ignition delay times of methane/hydrogen/oxygen/nitrogen mixtures by shock tube

et al. 2011

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Ignition delay times of methane/hydrogen/oxygen/nitrogen mixtures with hydrogen amount-of-substance fractions ranging from 0-20% were measured in a shock tube facility. The ambient temperature varied from 1422 to 1877 K and the pressure was maintained at 0.4 MPa behind the reflected shock wave. The experiments were conducted at an equivalence ratio of 2.0. The fuel mixtures were diluted with nitrogen gas so that the nitrogen amount-of-substance fraction was 95%. The experimental ignition delay time of the CH 4 /H 2 mixture decreased as the hydrogen amount-of-substance fraction increased. The enhancement of ignition by hydrogen addition was weak when the ambient temperature was >1750 K, and strong when the temperature was <1725 K. The ignition delay time of 20% H 2 /80% CH 4 was only one-third that of 100% CH 4 at 1500 K. A modified model based on GRI-Mech 3.0 was proposed and used to calculate the ignition delay times of test mixtures. The calculated results agreed with the experimental ignition delay times. Normalized sensitivity analysis showed that HO·+H 2 →H·+H 2 O was the main reaction for the formation of the H· at 1400 K. As the hydrogen amount-of-substance fraction increased, chain branching was enhanced through the reaction H·+O 2 →O·+HO·, and this reduced the ignition delay time. At 1800 K, the methyl radical (H 3 C·) became the key species that influenced the ignition of the CH 4 /H 2 /O 2 /N 2 mixtures, and sensitivity coefficients of the chain termination reaction 2H 3 C·(+M)→C 2 H 6 (+M), and chain propagation reaction HO 2 +H 3 C·→HO·+CH 3 O decreased, which reduced the influence of hydrogen addition on the ignition of the CH 4 /H 2 mixtures.shock tube, methane, hydrogen, chemical kinetics Citation:Zhang Y J, Huang Z H, Wei L J, et al. Experimental and kinetic study on ignition delay times of methane/hydrogen/oxygen/nitrogen mixtures by shock tube.

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Section: Results and Data Analysissupporting

confidence: 67%

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Experimental and kinetic study on ignition delay times of methane/hydrogen/oxygen/nitrogen mixtures by shock tube

et al. 2011

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“…It can be seen that with an increasing amount of oxygen the ignition delay time decreases. This is in agreement with other works, [7][8][9][10] which examine promotion and inhibiting effects of ignition. The comparison of both gases at the same excess air ratio (lϭ1.69 in Fig.…”

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confidence: 93%

Theoretical Analysis on the Injection of H2, CO, CH4 Rich Gases into the Blast Furnace

et al. 2005

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The aim of this work is the determination of the combustion characteristics of two different fuel gases for their blast furnace utilization. The availability of gas from the coke production as well as from the basic oxygen furnace (BOF) process in an integrated metallurgical plant makes it possible to substitute reducing agents like oil. For a description of the varieties of the gases, coke oven gas (COG) and a mixture of COG and BOF gas, four independent modeling approaches were applied to cover all aspects. The different applied modeling approaches are the thermodynamic equilibrium, the plug flow reactor (PFR) model with detailed chemistry with or without, resp., consideration of the mixing time and computational fluid dynamics (CFD). This guarantees an improved understanding of the whole combustion process.The earlier ignition of the COG/BOF gas mixture in comparison to the COG can be ascribed to the higher excess air ratio, in spite of the better ignition propensity of COG. The higher net calorific value of the COG results in higher combustion temperatures, which implicates a higher thermal strain on the tuyere. In addition, greater amounts on CO and H 2 in the raceway result from the COG combustion.KEY WORDS: ironmaking; blast furnace; gas injection; modeling; combustion. time, it is possible to study the influence of different mixing lengths on the resulting temperature and species concentrations at the end of the tuyere.Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) allows a more detailed description of the predominant flow of gas injection. Because of the high resource demanding flow calculation, simplified models are used for the simulation of the reactions. The simplest assumption is the thermodynamic equilibrium again which is now based on the local composition. Basic Facts Plant LayoutThe layout of the blast furnace with the gas injection plant is shown in Fig. 1. In the mixing station, gas from the coke production (coke oven gas, COG) and gas from the basic oxygen furnace (BOF gas) are mixed if it is necessary. Then the process gas is conveyed via a screw compressor and a gas cooler to a bustle pipe, wherefrom it is directed to 17 tuyeres spread over the circumference of the blast furnace.The injection of the reducing gas is done by using two lances per tuyere, which is represented by the cases in this study (Fig. 2). The lances end 10 cm inside from the end of the tuyere. Input ParameterFor calculation, two gases with different compositions are used. These are the coke oven gas (COG) and a mixture of COG and BOF gas (COG/BOF). The different compositions of the two gases and their net calorific values as well as the predominant excess air ratios of the combustion process are listed in Table 2. The appointed boundary conditions valid for one tuyere can be seen in Table 3. Reaction MechanismsThe reaction mechanisms of the combustion are radical chain reactions. These chain reactions consist of starting reactions that build radicals, chain propagation reactions, chain branching reactions that increase the amount o...

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“…2 It was also shown that by adding small amounts of ethane or propane to methane, it was possible to shorten its ignition delay time. 4 Whereas it is rather simple to shorten the ignition delay of methane, we are not aware of any attempt to increase its delay.…”

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The Addition Effect of Fe(CO)₅on Methane Ignition

2002

Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society

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Shock-tube investigation of ignition in methane-oxygen-argon mixtures

Cited by 203 publications

References 6 publications

Experimental and kinetic study on ignition delay times of methane/hydrogen/oxygen/nitrogen mixtures by shock tube

Experimental and kinetic study on ignition delay times of methane/hydrogen/oxygen/nitrogen mixtures by shock tube

Theoretical Analysis on the Injection of H2, CO, CH4 Rich Gases into the Blast Furnace

The Addition Effect of Fe(CO)₅on Methane Ignition

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Shock-tube investigation of ignition in methane-oxygen-argon mixtures

Cited by 203 publications

References 6 publications

Experimental and kinetic study on ignition delay times of methane/hydrogen/oxygen/nitrogen mixtures by shock tube

Experimental and kinetic study on ignition delay times of methane/hydrogen/oxygen/nitrogen mixtures by shock tube

Theoretical Analysis on the Injection of H2, CO, CH4 Rich Gases into the Blast Furnace

The Addition Effect of Fe(CO)5on Methane Ignition

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The Addition Effect of Fe(CO)₅on Methane Ignition