Shock Wave Attenuation Using Foam Obstacles: Does Geometry Matter?

Jeon, Hongjoo; Groß, Jochen; Estabrook, Sarah; Koumlis, Stylianos; Wan, Qian; Khanolkar, Gauri R.; Tao, Xingtian; Mensching, David M.; Lesnick, Edward J.; Eliasson, Veronica

doi:10.3390/aerospace2020353

Cited by 13 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…While much prior work has studied how to engineer lattice materials for enhanced energy absorption properties, most applications primarily use stochastic foams to achieve these functions, which, due to their random structure, are not optimized and are difficult to simulate. Individual works have studied the benefits of engineered periodic structures compared to those of random foams in 2D . However, a comprehensive comparison of energy absorbing properties from periodic to stochastic structures in 3D cellular materials remains missing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy Absorption Properties of Periodic and Stochastic 3D Lattice Materials

Mueller

Matlack

Shea

et al. 2019

Advcd Theory and Sims

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Architected lattices can be designed to have tailorable functionalities by controlling their constitutive elements. However, little work has been devoted to comparing energy absorption properties in different periodic three-dimensional geometries to each other and to comparable foam-like random structures. This knowledge is essential for the entire design process. In this work, the authors conduct a systematic and comprehensive computational study of the quasi-static and dynamic energy absorption properties of various different geometries. They test compression loading over strain rates varying from 1 to 10 4 s −1 . The authors analyze geometries with varying degrees of nodal connectivity, ranging from bending dominated to stretching dominated, at different orientations, and compare their response to equivalent stochastic lattices. Results show relatively high stress peaks in the periodic lattices, even in bending dominated lattices at certain orientations. Conversely, the stochastic geometries show a relatively constant stress response over large strains, which is ideal for energy absorbing applications. Still, results show that specific orientations of bending dominated periodic lattice geometries outperform their stochastic equivalents. This work can help to quickly identify the potential of different unit cell types and aid in the development of lattices for impulse mitigation applications, such as in protective sports equipment, automotive crashworthiness, and packaging.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy Absorption Properties of Periodic and Stochastic 3D Lattice Materials

Mueller

Matlack

Shea

et al. 2019

Advcd Theory and Sims

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“…The top spiral is just the reflection of the bottom spiral. The performance of this geometry has been assessed with numerous experiments and simulations (Milton 1989, Inoue et al 1993, 1995, Jeon et al 2015, Wan and Eliasson 2015, showing in all cases that a section reduction based on logarithmic spirals is effective at focusing the incoming wave. With this in mind, we can hypothesize that a geometry like this could potentially be used as the driver of an explosively driven blast facility.…”

Section: Basic Conceptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Large cross-section blast chamber: design and experimental characterization

Mejía-Álvarez¹,

Kerwin²,

Vidhate³

et al. 2021

Meas. Sci. Technol.

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This study shows the basic design and experimental characterization of the advanced blast chamber at Michigan State University. This facility is a large cross-section explosively-driven blast chamber. The cross-section of the facility is 2.03 m × 2.03 m, and the length of its tunnel is 5.5 m. This relatively short length was made possible by introducing a new driver design shaped like a pair of logarithmic spirals with a coincident focus. The experimental characterization of the facility demonstrates that this driver design produces blast fronts with very low curvature, and overpressure durations as short as ∼1.2 ms. Since this was the initial characterization of the facility, the maximum overpressure considered was ∼144 kPa. This facility was conceived to perform studies of blast-induced traumatic brain injury based on full-size models of the human body or large animal models. Its large cross section ensures that area blockage is within permissible values, and its driver design ensures short overpressure durations typical of battle field blast events.

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“…In this regard, a comprehensive review of various methods to attenuate shock/blast waves was reported by Igra et al [ 2 ] addressing both experimental and numerical approaches. Essentially, shock-wave attenuation by geometrical means such as rigid barriers or sudden changes in the flow geometries is governed by compression, rarefaction regions arising from shock diffraction and intense shock-turbulence interactions [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 ]. These involve multiple wave interactions, reflecting from surrounding boundaries and complex shock-shock, shock-vortex and shock-boundary layer interactions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On Shock Propagation through Double-Bend Ducts by Entropy-Generation-Based Artificial Viscosity Method

Chaudhuri

2019

Entropy

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Shock-wave propagation through obstacles or internal ducts involves complex shock dynamics, shock-wave shear layer interactions and shock-wave boundary layer interactions arising from the associated diffraction phenomenon. This work addresses the applicability and effectiveness of the high-order numerical scheme for such complex viscous compressible flows. An explicit Discontinuous Spectral Element Method (DSEM) equipped with entropy-generation-based artificial viscosity method was used to solve compressible Navier–Stokes system of equations for this purpose. The shock-dynamics and viscous interactions associated with a planar moving shock-wave through a double-bend duct were resolved by two-dimensional numerical simulations. The shock-wave diffraction patterns, the large-scale structures of the shock-wave-turbulence interactions, agree very well with previous experimental findings. For shock-wave Mach number M s = 1.3466 and reference Reynolds number Re f = 10 6 , the predicted pressure signal at the exit section of the duct is in accordance with the literature. The attenuation in terms of overpressure for M s = 1.53 is found to be ≈0.51. Furthermore, the effect of reference Reynolds number is studied to address the importance of viscous interactions. The shock-shear layer and shock-boundary layer dynamics strongly depend on the Re f while the principal shock-wave patterns are generally independent of Re f .

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Shock Wave Attenuation Using Foam Obstacles: Does Geometry Matter?

Cited by 13 publications

References 37 publications

Energy Absorption Properties of Periodic and Stochastic 3D Lattice Materials

Energy Absorption Properties of Periodic and Stochastic 3D Lattice Materials

Large cross-section blast chamber: design and experimental characterization

On Shock Propagation through Double-Bend Ducts by Entropy-Generation-Based Artificial Viscosity Method

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