Shoot and root traits of summer maize hybrid varieties with higher grain yields and higher nitrogen use efficiency at low nitrogen application rates

Su, Wennan; Kamran, Muhammad; Xie, Jianghui; Meng, Xiangping; Han, Qingfang; Liu, Tiening; Han, Jie

doi:10.7717/peerj.7294

Cited by 25 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…The application of UCZ together with N protected the photosynthetic system and obtained higher grain yields. Previous studies also showed that the application of UCZ together with N increased the grain yield in various crops by reducing the lodging rate and enhancing the photosynthetic performance (Wang et al 2009(Wang et al , 2015aSu et al 2019). In addition, our previous studies demonstrated that UCZ increased the grain yield in maize with a medium plant population density by reducing leaf senescence in the bottom layer.…”

Section: Effects Of Ucz and N Fertilization On Grain Yield Of Maize Cmentioning

confidence: 71%

Uniconazole and nitrogen fertilization trigger photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence, and delay leaf senescence in maize at a high population density

Ahmad¹,

Ahmad²,

Kamran³

et al. 2021

Photosynt.

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Ci-intercellular carbon dioxide concentration; E-transpiration rate; ETR-photosynthetic electron transport rate; F0-minimal fluorescence yield of the dark-adapted state; Fm-maximum fluorescence yield of the dark-adapted state; Fv-variable fluorescence; Fv/Fm-maximal quantum yield of PSII photochemistry; gs-stomatal conductance; MDA-malondialdehyde; PN-net photosynthetic rate; POD-peroxidase; qN-nonphotochemical quenching coefficient; qp-photochemical quenching coefficient; SOD-superoxide dismutase; ФPSII-effective quantum yield of PSII photochemistry.

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Section: Effects Of Ucz and N Fertilization On Grain Yield Of Maize Cmentioning

confidence: 71%

Uniconazole and nitrogen fertilization trigger photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence, and delay leaf senescence in maize at a high population density

Ahmad¹,

Ahmad²,

Kamran³

et al. 2021

Photosynt.

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“…Previous studies showed that both grain protein content GPC and grain yield (GY) can be increased by N fertilizer simultaneously under low to medium N rate (0-200 kg N ha -1 ), but grain protein content (GPC) was continuously increased with no further increase in GY under high N rate (210-280 kg N ha -1 ). In China, the N application rate has been generally much higher than the recommended dose of 280 kg N ha -1 in soft wheat production for higher grain yield GY (Su et al 2019). Reducing N rate can signi cantly decrease GPC and wet gluten content (WGC) of soft wheat, which help to form softer dough and produce crisper biscuits (Zheng et al 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Responses of soil water consumption of different wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Varieties to nitrogen application levels

Noor

Sun

Wen

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background: SPAD value of flag leaf increased highest N rate was 280 kg ha–1. 200-300 cm at maturity stage, indicating the importance of deep soil water storage for grain filling. Variety YH-20410 increased the soluble sugar content in grains protein, and dry gluten.Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the biochemical impact of nitrogen (N) fertilization on different wheat cultivars. We investigated the influence of topsoil N availability on different varieties, and uptake by wheat (Triticum aestivum L.).Methods: The experiment included two varieties (YH-618, and YH-20410) and three nitrogen levels, (N0, N210, and N280 kg ha–1). The higher nitrogen uptake and soil water consumption, grain protein content, and yield at higher planting densities and will benefit farmers by forming stronger overall crops.Results: Indicated that wheat variety YH-20410 had the higher nitrogen uptake and soil water consumption, grain protein content, and yield at higher planting densities and will benefit farmers by forming stronger overall crops. The results indicated that suitable nitrogen fertilizer could reduce soil water to jointing stage, provide more water use for wheat in later growth stage, and promote better soil water consumption from flowering to maturity stage. It also indicated that soil water storage decreased from 80-200 cm at flowering stage to 200-300 cm at maturity stage, indicating the importance of deep soil water storage for grain filling.Conclusions: Nitrogen application amount 210 kg ha–1 combined to variety YH-20410 increased the soluble sugar content in grains at the filling stage, which was conducive to the accumulation of sucrose, and starch in grains; 210 kg ha–1 was beneficial to increase the content of wheat gluten in grains, obtain higher protein content and yield in grains, and increase the content of dry gluten in grains. The indicated that wheat variety YH-20410 had the higher nitrogen uptake and soil water consumption, grain protein content, and yield at higher planting densities and will benefit farmers by forming.

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“…Modern varieties with deeper root distribution can increase yield under low N conditions [10]. A strong root system is an important factor for high yields [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The RSA of modern maize varieties in China is characterized by "horizontal contraction and vertical extension", which is more suitable for planting at a higher N level [17]. Response to N fertilizer varies with genotype, the yield and root biomass of maize varieties with high N efficiency are higher than those with low N efficiency [10,18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Root System Architecture Differences of Maize Cultivars Affect Yield and Nitrogen Accumulation in Southwest China

et al. 2022

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Root system architecture (RSA) plays a critical role in the acquisition of water and mineral nutrients. In order to understand the root characteristics that contribute to enhanced crop yield and N accumulation high-yielding and N efficient cultivars under N-stressed conditions. Here, grain yield, N accumulation and RSA traits of six dominant maize cultivars (CD30, ZH311, ZHg505, CD189, QY9 and RY1210) grown in the Southwestern part of China were investigated in field experiment under three different N regimes in 2019–2020; N300 (300 kg N ha−1), N150 (150 kg N ha−1) and N0 (no N supplied). Using Root Estimator for Shovelomics Traits (REST) for the quantitative analysis of maize root image obtained in the field, RSA traits including total root length (RL), root surface area (RA), root angle opening (RO), and root maximal width (RMW) were quantified in this study. The results showed that Yield, N accumulation and RSA were significantly affected by N rates, cultivars and their interactions. Grain yield, N accumulation and root weight showed a similar trend under N300 and N150 conditions compared to N0 conditions. With the input of N fertilizer, the root length, surface area, and angle increase, but root width does not increase. Under the N300 and N150 condition, RL, RA, RO and RMW increased by 17.96%, 17.74%, 18.27%, 9.22%, and20.39%, 18.58%, 19.92%, 16.79%, respectively, compared to N0 condition. CD30, ZH505 and RY1210 have similar RO and RMW, larger than other cultivars. However, ZH505 and RY1210 have 13.22% and 19.99% longer RL, and 11.41% and 5.17% larger RA than CD30. Additionally, the grain yield of ZH505 and RY1210 is 17.57% and 13.97% higher compared with CD30. The N accumulation of ZH505 and RY1210 also shows 4.55% and 9.60% higher than CD30. Correlation analysis shows that RL, RA, RO and RMW have a significant positive correlation with grain yield while RO and RMW have a significant positive correlation with N accumulation. Linear plus plateau model analysis revealed that when the RO reaches 99.53°, and the RMW reaches 15.18 cm, the N accumulation reaches its maximum value under 0–300 kg N ha−1 conditions. Therefore, selecting maize cultivars with efficient RSA suitable for different soil N inputs can achieve higher grain yield and N use efficiency.

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Shoot and root traits of summer maize hybrid varieties with higher grain yields and higher nitrogen use efficiency at low nitrogen application rates

Cited by 25 publications

References 53 publications

Uniconazole and nitrogen fertilization trigger photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence, and delay leaf senescence in maize at a high population density

Uniconazole and nitrogen fertilization trigger photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence, and delay leaf senescence in maize at a high population density

Responses of soil water consumption of different wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Varieties to nitrogen application levels

Root System Architecture Differences of Maize Cultivars Affect Yield and Nitrogen Accumulation in Southwest China

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