Short and long term changes in carbon, nitrogen and acidity in the forest soils under oak at the Alice Holt Environmental Change Network site

Benham, Sue; Vanguelova, Elena; Pitman, Rona M.

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.02.004

Cited by 24 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Whilst we do not have the detailed representative component stock change estimates, as in the exemplary work by Butt et al (2009) or Gough et al (2008, the available mensuration data suggest NEP values that are similar, but 29 % lower than those estimated by eddy covariance (EC). However, this biometric estimate includes neither the substantial C uptake by the woody understorey, which might be ∼ 10 % (Moore et al, 2007), nor any increase in soil organic C content, estimated in this woodland to be 34 g C m −2 yr −1 (Benham et al, 2012), about 7 % of EC NEP. If these components are included, agreement to within 10-15 % gives some confidence in the NEP values derived from EC data, given the low precision of the biometric approach.…”

Section: Annual C Budget Of Woodlands In Britain and Irelandmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The soil is a surface-water gley (Pyatt, 1982), with a depth of 80 cm to the C horizon of the Cretaceous clay. Soil pH is 4.6 and 4.8 in the organic and mineral horizons respectively, and the soil organic C stock measured in the top 30 cm in 2004 was 87 t C ha −1 (Benham et al, 2012), and to 1 m depth in 1997 was 157 t C ha −1 (Table 3.7; Morison et al, 2012). Periodic tree measurements have been carried out at seven vegetation sampling plots as part of the ECN monitoring programme (Table 1).…”

Section: Site Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Inter-annual variation of carbon uptake by a plantation oak woodland in south-eastern England

et al. 2012

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Abstract. The carbon balance of an 80-yr-old deciduous oak plantation in the temperate oceanic climate of the south-east of Great Britain was measured by eddy covariance over 12 yr (1999)(2000)(2001)(2002)(2003)(2004)(2005)(2006)(2007)(2008)(2009)(2010). The mean annual net ecosystem productivity (NEP) was 486 g C m −2 yr −1 (95 % CI of ±73 g C m −2 yr −1 ), and this was partitioned into a gross primary productivity (GPP) of 2034 ± 145 g C m −2 yr −1 , over a 165 (± 6) day growing season, and an annual loss of carbon through respiration and decomposition (ecosystem respiration, R eco ) of 1548 ± 122 g C m −2 yr −1 . Although the maximum variation of NEP between years was large (333 g C m −2 yr −1 ), the ratio of R eco /GPP remained relatively constant (0.76 ± 0.02 CI). Some anomalies in the annual patterns of the carbon balance could be linked to particular weather events, such as low summer solar radiation and low soil moisture content (values below 30 % by volume). The European-wide heat wave and drought of 2003 did not reduce the NEP of this woodland because of good water supply from the surface-water gley soil. The inter-annual variation in estimated intercepted radiation only accounted for ∼ 47 % of the variation in GPP, although a significant relationship (p < 0.001) was found between peak leaf area index and annual GPP, which modified the efficiency with which incident radiation was used in net CO 2 uptake. Whilst the spring start and late autumn end of the net CO 2 uptake period varied substantially (range of 24 and 27 days respectively), annual GPP was not related to growing season length. Severe outbreaks of defoliating moth caterpillars, mostly Tortrix viridana L. and Operophtera brumata L., caused considerable damage to the forest canopy in 2009 and 2010, resulting in reduced GPP in these two years. Inter-annual variation in the sensitivity of R eco to temperature was found to be strongly related to summer soil moisture content. The eddy covariance estimates of NEP closely matched mensurationbased estimates, demonstrating that this forest was a substantial sink of carbon over the 12-yr measurement period.

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Section: Annual C Budget Of Woodlands In Britain and Irelandmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Site Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inter-annual variation of carbon uptake by a plantation oak woodland in south-eastern England

et al. 2012

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“…Although litterfall and forest soils under oak stands have been frequently studied (e.g. Lorencová 2007;Benham et al 2012), results from young stands are missing.…”

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confidence: 99%

Quantity and quality of litterfall in young oak stands

2014

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Litterfall, an important component of the nutrient cycle in forest ecosystems, was measured for 9 years in young oak stands on two localities classified as beech-oak climax (Fageto-Quercetum). We estimated that about 4 Mg of dry mass per hectare fell each year. Nutrient content in the litterfall represents annually per hectare approximately 40-55 kg of nitrogen, 2-3 kg of phosphorus, 7-16 kg of potassium, 41-73 kg of calcium and 6-7 kg of magnesium. The amount of litterfall is positively correlated with stand basal area and with the death of suppressed tress with small crowns. We found a positive correlation between annual litterfall and the sum of precipitation and a negative correlation between annual litterfall and temperature in summer.

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“…Forest management practices are also known to affect SOC accumulation, with activities such as thinning, whole tree harvesting, and brash removal leading generally to decreases in C stock (Morison et al ). At the time of sampling, the woodlands investigated in our study were unmanaged, which may explain the high estimated SOC accumulation rates and measured topsoil C stocks in comparison to other studies (Jenkinson ; Chamberlain et al ; Benham et al ; Vanguelova et al ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

Woodland restoration on agricultural land: long‐term impacts on soil quality

Ashwood

Watts

Park

et al. 2019

Restoration Ecology

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Woodland restoration is underway globally to counter the negative soil quality and ecological impacts of agricultural expansion and woodland fragmentation, and restore or enhance biodiversity, ecosystem functions and services. However, we lack information about the long‐term effects of woodland restoration on agricultural soils, particularly at temporal scales meaningful to woodland and soil development. This study utilized soil and earthworm sampling across a chronosequence of sites transitioning from “agricultural land” to “secondary woodland” (50–110 years) and “ancient woodland” (>400 years), with the goal of quantifying the effects of woodland restoration on agricultural land, on key soil quality parameters (soil bulk density, pH, carbon and nitrogen stocks, and earthworm abundance, biomass, species richness and diversity). Broad‐leaved woodland restoration led to significantly greater soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks compared to arable land, and young (50–60 years) secondary woodland increased earthworm species and functional diversity compared to both arable and pasture agricultural land. SOC stocks in secondary broad‐leaved woodlands (50–110 years) were comparable to those found in long‐term ancient woodlands (>400 years). Our findings show that broad‐leaved woodland restoration of agricultural land can lead to meaningful soil ecological improvement and gains in SOC within 50–110 years, and provide intel on how restoration activities may be best targeted to maximize soil quality and functions.

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Short and long term changes in carbon, nitrogen and acidity in the forest soils under oak at the Alice Holt Environmental Change Network site

Cited by 24 publications

References 25 publications

Inter-annual variation of carbon uptake by a plantation oak woodland in south-eastern England

Inter-annual variation of carbon uptake by a plantation oak woodland in south-eastern England

Quantity and quality of litterfall in young oak stands

Woodland restoration on agricultural land: long‐term impacts on soil quality

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