Short- and Long-term Effects of Bacterial Gastrointestinal Infections

Ternhag, Anders; Törner, Anna; Svensson, Åke; Ekdahl, Karl; Giesecke, Johan

doi:10.3201/eid1401.070524

Cited by 166 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Although the pathogen-specific attributable risk for this post-infectious sequelae is currently unknown, these data suggest a new paradigm in the understanding of infectious diarrhea, including ETEC, and its impact on long-term health. In addition, a growing body of literature has shown a similar association between IGE and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) [56][57][58]. Although unlikely to be identified in post-infection follow-ups due to its generally rare occurrence, this association highlights the need for further study of a pathogen that was once thought to cause only a self-limiting diarrhea.…”

Section: Ethicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A systematic review of experimental infections with enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC)

Porter

Riddle

Tribble

et al. 2011

Vaccine

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Section: Ethicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A systematic review of experimental infections with enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC)

Porter

Riddle

Tribble

et al. 2011

Vaccine

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“…ampylobacter jejuni is the leading cause of bacterialinduced enterocolitis across the globe (1,2). The burden of disease is considerable, especially among children, both in developing countries, where infection can result in lifethreatening diarrhea, and in children from industrialized countries, who may be exposed to C. jejuni through travel, contaminated food, or contact with pets (3).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Campylobacter jejuni Mediated Disruption of Polarized Epithelial Monolayers is Cell-Type Specific, Time Dependent, and Correlates With Bacterial Invasion

2008

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The precise mechanism by which the most common cause of bacterial enterocolitis in humans, Campylobacter jejuni, perturbs the intestinal mucosa remains elusive. To define effects of C. jejuni infection on mucosal permeability, Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK)-I and T84 cell monolayers were infected with C. jejuni for up to 48 h. All three tested C. jejuni strains caused a 73-78% reduction in transepithelial electrical resistance (TER) in intestinal (T84) cell monolayers, whereas only one strain slightly reduced TER of MDCK-I cells by 25% after 48 h infection. Infection with C. jejuni strains also caused a 2.3-4.5-fold increase in dextran permeability, but only in T84 cells. C. jejuni infection of monolayers also caused morphologic changes in desmosomes, observed by transmission electron microscopy. The cell-type specificity, demonstrated by increased T84 monolayer permeability, correlated with higher bacterial invasion into these cells, relative to MDCK-I cells. In T84 cells, invasion and bacterial translocation preceded barrier disruption and inhibition of C. jejuni invasion using a pharmacological inhibitor of phosphoinositide 3-kinase, reduced the drop in TER. These findings suggest that C. jejuni disruption of monolayers is mediated by invasion, provide new insights into C. jejuni-host epithelial barrier interactions, and offer potential mechanisms of intestinal injury and chronic immune stimulation. (Pediatr Res 64: 599-604, 2008)

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“…Parameters for the calculations were taken from five different studies, and the final AR measure was calculated as a weighted average of the ARs obtained from these studies based on the number of observations in each [24][25][26][27][28]. The proportion of EHEC cases that led to HUS was based on a BetaPert distribution with parameters taken from two different studies: one Swedish study of sequelae to bacterial illnesses in general [29], and one study of HUS as a sequela to EHEC in children between 0 and 10 years of age [30].…”

Section: Incidence and Event Trees For Sequelaementioning

confidence: 99%

A Systematic and Critical Review of Model-Based Economic Evaluations of Pharmacotherapeutics in Patients with Bipolar Disorder

Mohiuddin

2014

Appl Health Econ Health Policy

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Objectives The main objective of this study was to derive cost estimates of five major foodborne illnesses (campylobacteriosis, salmonellosis, enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC), yersiniosis and shigellosis) in Sweden. These estimates provide a necessary contribution to perform future cost-benefit analyses aimed at reducing the burden of foodborne disease. A secondary aim was to obtain estimates of the true number of cases that occur in the community, thus providing necessary ground for calculating costs. Methods The true number of cases for each foodborne illness was simulated by multiplying the reported number of cases by sequential multipliers, one for each potential source of information loss about a case. This assessment of the true number of cases was then used to estimate the number of cases of sequelae for each illness. An incidence-based analysis was then used to calculate direct medical and non-medical costs, as well as indirect costs. Data for estimating the true number of cases for each illness were primarily based on an expert panel, while the derivation of costs mainly utilized national registries, databases and published literature. Results The estimated number of cases was between 7-and 11-fold higher than the reported number of cases, indicating the importance of taking information loss into account when calculating costs. By far the most common pathogen of the five was campylobacter, with an estimated 101,719 (90% credibility interval [CI] 59,640-158,025) human cases occurring annually. For salmonella, 19,678 (90% CI 8394-40,456) cases were estimated to occur each year, while the other three pathogens were less common, with a yearly incidence of approximately 2500-5500 cases each. The total cost for the five pathogens (including sequelae) amounted to €142 million annually. Campylobacter was the most costly pathogen, representing 69% of the total costs. Salmonellosis and EHEC constituted 18 and 9% of these costs, respectively, while yersiniosis and shigellosis represented approximately 2% each. Costs for sequelae were significant and accounted for approximately 50% of the total costs. Conclusions Our simulations indicated that campylobacter infection was more common and more costly than salmonella, EHEC, yersinia and shigella combined. Estimated costs for all illnesses were highly influenced by (1) considering potential information losses about cases in the population (which increased costs 7-to 11-fold), and (2) taking account of postinfection sequelae (which doubled the costs). Key Points for Decision MakersThis study estimates the difference between registered and actual number of cases in the community for five major foodborne diseases. Potential post-infection sequelae are included in the analysis. These considerations are crucial in order to assess the actual societal burden of the five pathogens.The study also estimates total societal costs and costs per case for the five pathogens, results that can be utilized in future cost-benefit or cost-effectiveness studies.

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Short- and Long-term Effects of Bacterial Gastrointestinal Infections

Cited by 166 publications

References 22 publications

A systematic review of experimental infections with enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC)

A systematic review of experimental infections with enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC)

Campylobacter jejuni Mediated Disruption of Polarized Epithelial Monolayers is Cell-Type Specific, Time Dependent, and Correlates With Bacterial Invasion

A Systematic and Critical Review of Model-Based Economic Evaluations of Pharmacotherapeutics in Patients with Bipolar Disorder

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