Short- and long-term survival outcomes among never smokers who developed lung cancer

Nemesure, Barbara; Albano, Denise; Nemesure, Allison

doi:10.1016/j.canep.2021.102042

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…That makes our study different from Subramanian et al which also showed no differences in the survival of patients from both groups, but in the study group as many as 62.5% of patients had stage III or IV [ 41 ]. Similar to the study by Nemesure et al, stage III and IV in the group of smokers and non-smokers amounted to 65.5% and 61.4%, respectively, which showed significant differences in the survival of patients with lung cancer depending on the smoking status [ 39 ]. Our study, which differed from other studies with the participation of patients in individual groups with different staging, allowed us to conclude the differences in survival of patients with a lower stage because the group we examined contained a smaller percentage of patients with staging III and IV compared to the cited studies, being 17.15% and 15.58%, respectively, in the group non-smokers and smokers.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

“…A study conducted in the Czech Republic in 2021 among 2439 lung cancer patients found that non-smoking patients were diagnosed with lung cancer at a later stage, but non-smokers had better survival rates than smokers [ 38 ]. Another analysis of 3380 smokers and 334 never-smokers diagnosed with lung cancer in 2003–2016 showed significantly higher overall survival among never-smokers compared to smokers; the 5-year survival rate was higher in never-smokers compared to smokers (57.9% vs. 42.6%, p = 0.05) [ 39 ]. However, there are also studies in which, similarly to the results of our study, no significant differences in the survival rates between the groups of smokers and non-smokers were observed [ 40 , 41 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Incidence of Concomitant Neoplastic Diseases, Tumor Characteristics, and the Survival of Patients with Lung Adenocarcinoma or Squamous Cell Lung Carcinoma in Tobacco Smokers and Non-Smokers—10-Year Retrospective Single-Centre Cohort Study

Ochman

Kiczmer

Ziora

et al. 2023

Cancers

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Changes in smoking trends and changes in lifestyle, together with worldwide data regarding the incidence of lung cancer in the group of patients with no previous history of smoking, leads to consideration of the differences in the course of the disease, the time of cancer diagnosis, the survival rate, and the occurrence of comorbidities in this group of patients. This study aimed to determine the occurrence of non-smokers among patients undergoing anatomical resection of the lung tissue due to lung carcinoma and to investigate the differences between the course of lung cancer, survival, and the comorbidities in the groups of patients with lung cancer depending on the history of tobacco smoking. The study included a cohort of 923 patients who underwent radical anatomical resection of the lung tissue with lung primary adenocarcinoma or squamous cell carcinoma. The Chi2 Pearson’s test, the t-test, the Mann–Whitney U test, the Kaplan–Meier method, the Log-rank test with Mantel correction, and the Cox proportional hazard model were used for data analysis. We observed a significantly higher mean age of smoking patients compared to the mean age of non-smoking patients. The coexistence of former neoplastic diseases was significantly more frequent in the group of non-smokers compared to the group of smoking patients. We did not observe differences depending on smoking status in the tumor stage, grade, vascular and pleural involvement status in the diagnostic reports. We did not observe differences in the survival between smokers vs. non-smokers, however, we revealed better survival in the non-smoker women group compared to the non-smoker men group. In conclusion, 22.11% of the patients undergoing radical anatomical resection of the lung tissue due to lung cancers were non-smokers. More research on survival depending on genetic differences and postoperative treatment between smokers and non-smokers is necessary.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence of Concomitant Neoplastic Diseases, Tumor Characteristics, and the Survival of Patients with Lung Adenocarcinoma or Squamous Cell Lung Carcinoma in Tobacco Smokers and Non-Smokers—10-Year Retrospective Single-Centre Cohort Study

Ochman

Kiczmer

Ziora

et al. 2023

Cancers

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“…When values were controlled for smoking intensity among current smokers to assess excess relative risk, the same trends persisted ( Tanner et al, 2020 ). In other smoking studies, similar smoking habits and trends in AAs were observed, even though statistics consistently demonstrated that AAs tend to begin smoking later in life, at a lower smoking intensity (less CPD), and shorter smoking duration in comparison to Caucasian Americans ( Govindan et al, 2012 ; Nemesure et al, 2021 ). What was not accessed and may play a considerable role in lung cancer and the smoking trends of AAs was the type/brand of cigarettes smoked.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

A systematic review of genetic ancestry as a risk factor for incidence of non-small cell lung cancer in the US

2023

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Background: Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC), the leading cause of cancer-related death in the United States, is the most diagnosed form of lung cancer. While lung cancer incidence has steadily declined over the last decade, disparities in incidence and mortality rates persist among African American (AA), Caucasian American (CA), and Hispanic American (HA) populations. Researchers continue to explore how genetic ancestry may influence differential outcomes in lung cancer risk and development. The purpose of this evaluation is to highlight experimental research that investigates the differential impact of genetic mutations and ancestry on NSCLC incidence.Methods: This systematic review was conducted using PubMed and Google Scholar search engines. The following key search terms were used to select articles published between 2011 and 2022: “African/European/Latin American Ancestry NSCLC”; “Racial Disparities NSCLC”; “Genetic Mutations NSCLC”; “NSCLC Biomarkers”; “African Americans/Hispanic Americans/Caucasian Americans NSCLC incidence.” Systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and studies outside of the US were excluded. A total of 195 articles were initially identified and after excluding 156 which did not meet eligibility criteria, 38 were included in this investigation.Results: Studies included in this analysis focused on racial/ethnic disparities in the following common genetic mutations observed in NSCLC: KRAS, EGFR, TP53, PIK3CA, ALK Translocations, ROS-1 Rearrangements, STK11, MET, and BRAF. Results across studies varied with respect to absolute differential expression. No significant differences in frequencies of specific genetic mutational profiles were noted between racial/ethnic groups. However, for HAs, lower mutational frequencies in KRAS and STK11 genes were observed. In genetic ancestry level analyses, multiple studies suggest that African ancestry is associated with a higher frequency of EGFR mutations. Conversely, Latin ancestry is associated with TP53 mutations. At the genomic level, several novel predisposing variants associated with African ancestry and increased risk of NSCLC were discovered. Family history among all racial/ethnic groups was also considered a risk factor for NSCLC.Conclusion: Results from racially and ethnically diverse studies can elucidate driving factors that may increase susceptibility and subsequent lung cancer risk across different racial/ethnic groups. Identification of biomarkers that can be used as diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic tools may help improve lung cancer survival among high-risk populations.

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“…We found that never‐smoked status was associated with better overall survival when compared to smoked status, but found no association with cancer recurrence. Higher short‐ and long‐term survival in patients who never smoked has been reported by others [15, 16]. However, there is some disagreement in the literature [11, 17].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Impact of Environmental Exposures on Lung Cancer in Patients Who Never Smoked

et al. 2023

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Background Despite the rising incidence of lung cancer in patients who never smoked, environmental risk factors such as ambient air pollution in this group are poorly described. Our objective was to identify the relationship of environmental exposures with lung cancer in patients who never smoked. Methods A prospectively collected database was reviewed for all patients with non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) who underwent resection from 2006 to 2021. Environmental exposures were estimated using the geocoded home address of patients. Logistic regression was used to determine the association of clinical and environmental variables with smoking status. Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazards analyses were used to assess survival. Results A total of 665 patients underwent resection for NSCLC, of which 67 (10.1%) were patients who never smoked and 598 (89.9%) were current/former smokers. Patients who never smoked were more likely of white race (p = 0.001) and had well-differentiated tumors with carcinoid or adenocarcinoma histology (p \ 0.001). Environmental exposures were similar between groups, but patients who never smoked had less community material deprivation (p = 0.002) measured by household income, education, health insurance, and vacancies. They had improved overall survival (p = 0.012) but equivalent cancer recurrence (p = 0.818) as those who smoked. In univariable Cox analyses, fine particulate matter , p \ 0.001), distance to nearest major roadway ], p = 0.002), and greenspace (HR: 0.253 [0.087-0.737], p = 0.012) were associated with overall survival in patients who never smoked. Conclusions Lung cancer patients who never smoked have unique clinical and pathologic characteristics, including higher socioeconomic status. Interventions to reduce environmental exposures may improve lung cancer survival in this population.

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Short- and long-term survival outcomes among never smokers who developed lung cancer

Cited by 9 publications

References 40 publications

Incidence of Concomitant Neoplastic Diseases, Tumor Characteristics, and the Survival of Patients with Lung Adenocarcinoma or Squamous Cell Lung Carcinoma in Tobacco Smokers and Non-Smokers—10-Year Retrospective Single-Centre Cohort Study

Incidence of Concomitant Neoplastic Diseases, Tumor Characteristics, and the Survival of Patients with Lung Adenocarcinoma or Squamous Cell Lung Carcinoma in Tobacco Smokers and Non-Smokers—10-Year Retrospective Single-Centre Cohort Study

A systematic review of genetic ancestry as a risk factor for incidence of non-small cell lung cancer in the US

Impact of Environmental Exposures on Lung Cancer in Patients Who Never Smoked

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