Short- and long-time effects of multispecies lactic acid bacteria inoculant on fermentation characteristics and aerobic stability of corn silages at different maturities and frost killed corn

Mohammadzadeh, Hamid; Khorvash, M.; Ghorbani, G.R.

doi:10.1080/09712119.2013.875903

Cited by 6 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…However, relatively low LAB count (<10 5 CFU per g FM) and high counts (>10 3 CFU per g FM) of undesirable micro-organisms including aerobic bacteria, yeasts and moulds on plants increased potential for poor silage fermentation. Previous studies have also revealed that ensiling materials harvested after frost exhibited low level of LAB and high numbers of yeasts and moulds (Mohammadzadeh et al 2012(Mohammadzadeh et al , 2014. In addition, frequent frost can destroy plant cells and release available substrates for immediate propagation of the plant microbiome (Sanaullah et al 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies have also revealed that ensiling materials harvested after frost exhibited low level of LAB and high numbers of yeasts and moulds (Mohammadzadeh et al . 2012, 2014). In addition, frequent frost can destroy plant cells and release available substrates for immediate propagation of the plant microbiome (Sanaullah et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In fact, ensiling is still a difficult task to obtain acceptable storability and stability because of the poor ensiling procedure and other factors such as un-sufficient epiphytic LAB on the surface of fresh forages in Alpine environment (Li et al 2019b). In addition, poor silage fermentation may result from the reduced counts of beneficial bacteria (primary LAB) and elevated numbers of spoilage organisms such as yeasts and moulds on the standing plants (Mohammadzadeh et al 2012(Mohammadzadeh et al , 2014. Our previous study showed that RCG straw silage when harvest lately and/or stored at low temperature of <15°C is characterized by slow pH decline and high levels of butyric acid (BA) and ammonia-N.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, poor silage fermentation may result from the reduced counts of beneficial bacteria (primary LAB) and elevated numbers of spoilage organisms such as yeasts and moulds on the standing plants (Mohammadzadeh et al . 2012, 2014). Our previous study showed that RCG straw silage when harvest lately and/or stored at low temperature of <15°C is characterized by slow pH decline and high levels of butyric acid (BA) and ammonia‐N.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Inoculation of exogenous lactic acid bacteria exerted a limited influence on the silage fermentation and bacterial community compositions of reed canary grass straw on the Qinghai‐Tibetan Plateau

Chen

Cai

et al. 2020

J. Appl. Microbiol.

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Aims: This study evaluated the effects of exogenous lactic acid bacteria (LAB) on silage fermentation and bacterial community of reed canary grass (RCG) straw. Methods and Results: The leaf, stem and whole crop of RCG straw were separately ensiled in small bag silos, without (control) or with inoculation of two exogenous LAB (LP, Lactobacillus plantarum; LB, Lactobacillus buchneri), and stored at ambient temperature of <20°C. Inoculation of exogenous LAB decreased (P < 0Á05) bacterial alpha diversity and shifted (P < 0Á05) bacterial community compositions, but did not change (P> 0Á05) the relative abundance of Lactobacillus. Particularly, inoculation of LB increased (P < 0Á05) acetic acid and propionic acid contents, decreased (P < 0Á05) butyric acid (BA) and ammonia-N contents, separated (P < 0Á05) the bacterial community in silage. However, the exogenous LAB inoculated silages were characterized by main distribution of yeasts, presence of undesirable bacterial genera such as Clostridium and high levels of BA and ammonia-N. Conclusion: Inoculation of exogenous LAB exerted a limited influence on the silage fermentation and bacterial community compositions of RCG straw on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Significance and Impact of the Study: Commercial LAB inoculants are not always efficient on enhancing silage quality and stability. Thus, an alternative additive for inhibiting undesirable microbes during storage is important to improve RCG silage quality on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Inoculation of exogenous lactic acid bacteria exerted a limited influence on the silage fermentation and bacterial community compositions of reed canary grass straw on the Qinghai‐Tibetan Plateau

Chen

Cai

et al. 2020

J. Appl. Microbiol.

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“…This rapid movement may explain a stabilization at 15 min of standing time. A variety of standing periods have been reported in the literature, from 30 s (Mohammadzadeh et al, 2014) to 24 h (Yuan et al, 2016). Originally, Bolsen et al (1992) recommended 2 h of storage before pH readings when using the 25:100 technique.…”

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confidence: 99%

Technical note: A comparison of methods to determine pH in silages

Bernardes

Gervásio

Morais

et al. 2019

Journal of Dairy Science

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The techniques used to assess pH in silages vary greatly. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of water-to-sample ratio, extraction procedure, and standing time on pH determination. Silage samples (n = 20 for each silage) were chosen to represent diverse crops (corn, elephant grass, sugarcane, and forage peanut) to have a varied ensilability index and thus a wide range in final pH. Three water-to-sample ratios and 2 extraction procedures were used to measure pH at 0, 5, 10, 15, 30, 60, and 120 min of standing time. The ratios (undried silage to water) were 9:60, 25:100, and 30:270. The samples with the first 2 ratios were manually extracted, using a glass beaker and a glass stirring rod. The samples with the 30:270 ratio were extracted by using a stomacher blender for 4 min at 200 rpm. An electrode was used to perform pH readings. Dry matter (DM), water-soluble carbohydrates, and lactic acid concentrations were determined. The experimental design was completely randomized using a mixed repeated-measures model. Mean separation was performed using the Tukey test at P < 0.10 using the MIXED procedure of SAS (SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC). The DM concentrations ranged from 24.5 to 40.2, 15.8 to 25.9, 26.9 to 30.6, and 17.8 to 21.4% for corn, elephant grass, sugarcane, and forage peanut silages, respectively. The lactic acid concentrations ranged from 2.9 to 10.1, 1.8 to 4.4, 0.7 to 11.4, and 0.3 to 1.4% of DM for corn, elephant grass, sugarcane, and forage peanut silages, respectively. The pH values measured by the 9:60 method were greater than other techniques at any standing times. The pH values from the 25:100 and 30:270 methods did not differ for elephant grass and forage peanut silages at any standing times. However, the 30:270 method had greater pH values for corn and sugarcane silages than the 25:100 technique at any standing times. The pH values measured by the 30:270 method did not vary for any of the silages according to standing time. Nevertheless, the pH values of the 25:100 method were greater from 0 to 10 min than for other standing times for all silages. Thus, for this method, there was pH stabilization from 15 min of standing time on. Overall, the 25:100 and 30:270 methods are recommended for assessment of silage pH. Fifteen minutes of standing time should be used for the 25:100 method but the pH reading can be performed immediately after mixing for the 30:270 technique.

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Using molecular microbial ecology to define differential responses to the inoculation of barley silage

Xu¹,

Dunière

Smiley

et al. 2020

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

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Previously we investigated the impact of a mixed Lactobacillus buchneri, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus casei inoculant on fermentation and aerobic stability of barley silage over two years in 2009 and 2010. In 2009, a classical response to inoculation was obtained with an increase in acetic acid concentration of silage ensiled in both mini- and bag silos. In 2010, this classical response was not observed in mini-silos, but was observed in bag silos. The objective of this study was to determine if molecular microbial ecology could explain the differential responses to the inoculation of barley silage between the two years. The Illumina MiSeq sequencing results showed that inoculation increased Lactobacillus and lowered Pediococcus, Weissella and Leuconostoc in both types of silos in 2009. However, a similar trend was not observed in mini-silos but was observed in bag silos in 2010. Inoculation did not alter the core fungal community in either silo type in either year. Cladosporium, Leptosphaeria and Cryptococcus were abundant in fresh forage, but were superseded by Pichia and Kazachstania after ensiling. Our results suggest that changes in silage chemistry corresponded to differences observed in microbial ecology. Inoculation may have less impact when using more mature crops with shorter ensiling times.

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Short- and long-time effects of multispecies lactic acid bacteria inoculant on fermentation characteristics and aerobic stability of corn silages at different maturities and frost killed corn

Cited by 6 publications

References 44 publications

Inoculation of exogenous lactic acid bacteria exerted a limited influence on the silage fermentation and bacterial community compositions of reed canary grass straw on the Qinghai‐Tibetan Plateau

Inoculation of exogenous lactic acid bacteria exerted a limited influence on the silage fermentation and bacterial community compositions of reed canary grass straw on the Qinghai‐Tibetan Plateau

Technical note: A comparison of methods to determine pH in silages

Using molecular microbial ecology to define differential responses to the inoculation of barley silage

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