“…For example, peer rearing in nonhuman primates consistently leads to elevated alcohol consumption in adulthood compared with mother-reared conspecifics (Higley et al, 1991;Fahlke et al, 2000;Huggins et al, 2012). In agreement with these findings, maternal separation in rodents is known to induce persistent increases in alcohol consumption in adulthood (Roman et al, 2005;Cruz et al, 2008;Nylander and Roman, 2013). Furthermore, postweaning isolation rearing in rodents has repeatedly been shown to result in augmented alcohol consumption and operant responding for alcohol in adulthood (Ellison, 1981;Schenk et al, 1990;Wolffgramm, 1990;Hall et al, 1998;Lodge and Lawrence, 2003;Advani et al, 2007;Deehan et al, 2007;McCool and Chappell, 2009;Sanna et al, 2011;Chappell et al, 2013;Butler et al, 2014).…”