Short article: Rapid extraction of mean identity from sets of faces

Fockert, Jan de; Wolfenstein, Cecilia

doi:10.1080/17470210902811249

Cited by 171 publications

(247 citation statements)

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“…Visual averaging has also been shown for images of human faces. When presented with sets of multiple faces differing in identity (De Fockert & Wolfenstein, 2009;Haberman & Whitney, 2009) or emotional expression (Haberman & Whitney, 2007) and asked subsequently to judge whether a single test face had been part of the previously seen set, people mistakenly choose a morphed average of all seen faces more often than they choose an actual set member. The finding that items resembling the average of multiple seen items are likely to be endorsed as set members suggests that the visual system can efficiently represent large amounts of visual information by extracting certain summary statistics from sets of similar items.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Male and female participants viewed sets of four male or female faces before being asked whether a single test face had been present in the preceding set (as in De Fockert & Wolfenstein, 2009). Test faces could be either a photograph of a real person or a morphed average of the photographs of four people, and the measure of interest was participants' tendency to incorrectly endorse the morphed average as a member of the set.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Greater visual averaging of face identity for own-gender faces

Fockert

Gautrey

2013

Psychon Bull Rev

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Recent evidence suggests that observers can rapidly form an average representation based on a set of simultaneously presented faces. Here, we replicate this finding and show that the tendency to process sets of faces in terms of an average representation is greater for own-gender faces. Male and female participants viewed sets of four male or female faces before deciding whether or not a subsequently presented single test face had been present in the set. Incorrect endorsement that it was one of the set members was greater when the test face was a morphed average of the four faces than when it was an actual set member, and this effect was strongest when the gender of the faces was the same as the observer's. The finding that observers were more likely to incorrectly endorse own-gender (vs. othergender) faces forms an exception to the often reported owngender advantage in face recognition.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Greater visual averaging of face identity for own-gender faces

Fockert

Gautrey

2013

Psychon Bull Rev

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“…Effect of vertical stretching on the extraction of mean identity from faces: page Observers can extract the mean identity from a set of faces and falsely recognise it as a genuine set member (de Fockert & Wolfenstein, 2009). The current experiment demonstrated that this "perceptual averaging" also occurs with vertically stretched faces.…”

Section: Copyright and Reusementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Haberman and Whitney (2007, 2012a showed that participants were able to accurately extract the mean emotion from a set of expressive faces, without being able to identify any of the individual faces. De Fockert (de Fockert & Wolfenstein 2009;de Fockert & Gautrey 2013) demonstrated perceptual averaging for facial identity: after viewing sets of four faces, participants tended to made a greater proportion of "present" (i.e. previously seen) responses for morphs of the sets than they did for genuine set members.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…This difference is hard to explain if averaging was based solely on low-level information. Neumann, Schweinberger andBurton (2013) used de Fockert andWolfenstein's (2009) procedure, but with famous (celebrity) faces. On trials in which the target face was either a set member or a morph of the set, the target was either identical to the set in terms of viewpoint (image matching), or in a different viewpoint (identity matching).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Effect of Vertical Stretching on the Extraction of Mean Identity From Faces

Bagaïni

Hole

2017

Perception

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Article (Accepted Version) http://sro.sussex.ac.uk Hole, Graham and Bagaini, Alexandra (2017) The effect of vertical stretching on the extraction of mean identity from faces. This version is available from Sussex Research Online: http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/68803/ This document is made available in accordance with publisher policies and may differ from the published version or from the version of record. If you wish to cite this item you are advised to consult the publisher's version. Please see the URL above for details on accessing the published version. Copyright and reuse:Sussex Research Online is a digital repository of the research output of the University.Copyright and all moral rights to the version of the paper presented here belong to the individual author(s) and/or other copyright owners. To the extent reasonable and practicable, the material made available in SRO has been checked for eligibility before being made available.Copies of full text items generally can be reproduced, displayed or performed and given to third parties in any format or medium for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-profit purposes without prior permission or charge, provided that the authors, title and full bibliographic details are credited, a hyperlink and/or URL is given for the original metadata page and the content is not changed in any way.Effect of vertical stretching on the extraction of mean identity from faces: page Observers can extract the mean identity from a set of faces and falsely recognise it as a genuine set member (de Fockert & Wolfenstein, 2009). The current experiment demonstrated that this "perceptual averaging" also occurs with vertically stretched faces. On each trial, participants decided whether a target face was present in a preceding set of four faces. In the control condition, the faces were all normally proportioned; in the stretched set condition, the face sets were stretched but the targets were normal; and in the stretched target condition, the face sets were normal but the targets were stretched. In all three conditions, participants falsely identified the set mean as a face that had been presented within the set, implying that this identity-averaging effect is based on high-level identity information rather than the lowlevel physical characteristics of the face stimuli.

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Ensemble perception of color in autistic adults

et al. 2016

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Dominant accounts of visual processing in autism posit that autistic individuals have an enhanced access to details of scenes [e.g., weak central coherence] which is reflected in a general bias toward local processing. Furthermore, the attenuated priors account of autism predicts that the updating and use of summary representations is reduced in autism. Ensemble perception describes the extraction of global summary statistics of a visual feature from a heterogeneous set (e.g., of faces, sizes, colors), often in the absence of local item representation. The present study investigated ensemble perception in autistic adults using a rapidly presented (500 msec) ensemble of four, eight, or sixteen elements representing four different colors. We predicted that autistic individuals would be less accurate when averaging the ensembles, but more accurate in recognizing individual ensemble colors. The results were consistent with the predictions. Averaging was impaired in autism, but only when ensembles contained four elements. Ensembles of eight or sixteen elements were averaged equally accurately across groups. The autistic group also showed a corresponding advantage in rejecting colors that were not originally seen in the ensemble. The results demonstrate the local processing bias in autism, but also suggest that the global perceptual averaging mechanism may be compromised under some conditions. The theoretical implications of the findings and future avenues for research on summary statistics in autism are discussed. Autism Res 2017, 10: 839–851. © 2016 The Authors Autism Research published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Society for Autism Research

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Short article: Rapid extraction of mean identity from sets of faces

Cited by 171 publications

References 17 publications

Greater visual averaging of face identity for own-gender faces

Greater visual averaging of face identity for own-gender faces

Effect of Vertical Stretching on the Extraction of Mean Identity From Faces

Ensemble perception of color in autistic adults

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