Short birth intervals and the risk of school unreadiness among a Medicaid population in South Carolina

Hayes, Holly; Luchok, Kathryn J.; Martin, Amy B.; McKeown, Robert E.; Evans, Alexandra E.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2214.2006.00624.x

Cited by 12 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 7 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Emerging evidence shows that short intervals between pregnancies are associated with an increased risk of adverse neurodevelopmental and cognitive outcomes such as autism (Cheslack-Postava, Liu, and Bearman 2011), cerebral palsy (Pinto-Martin, Cnaan, and Zhao 1998), schizophrenia (Smits et al 2004), impaired intellectual ability (Bella et al 2005), and school unreadiness (Hayes et al 2006). Researchers should be encouraged to examine these associations further, to advance knowledge about causal mechanisms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Birth Spacing on Maternal, Perinatal, Infant, and Child Health: A Systematic Review of Causal Mechanisms

Conde-Agudelo

Rosas-Bermúdez

Castaño³

et al. 2012

Studies in Family Planning

436

441

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This systematic review of 58 observational studies identified hypothetical causal mechanisms explaining the effects of short and long intervals between pregnancies on maternal, perinatal, infant, and child health, and critically examined the scientific evidence for each causal mechanism hypothesized. The following hypothetical causal mechanisms for explaining the association between short intervals and adverse outcomes were identified: maternal nutritional depletion, folate depletion, cervical insufficiency, vertical transmission of infections, suboptimal lactation related to breastfeeding-pregnancy overlap, sibling competition, transmission of infectious diseases among siblings, incomplete healing of uterine scar from previous cesarean delivery, and abnormal remodeling of endometrial blood vessels. Women's physiological regression is the only hypothetical causal mechanism that has been proposed to explain the association between long intervals and adverse outcomes. We found growing evidence supporting most of these hypotheses.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Birth Spacing on Maternal, Perinatal, Infant, and Child Health: A Systematic Review of Causal Mechanisms

Conde-Agudelo

Rosas-Bermúdez

Castaño³

et al. 2012

Studies in Family Planning

436

441

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…For example, pregnancy before adulthood increases the risk of persistent disadvantage across the lifespan (Breen, 2004; Graham, 2007). Inadequate spacing between pregnancies leaves mothers and infants at greater risk of adverse perinatal outcomes, such as preterm birth, as well as longer-term health and social consequences, such as poorer school performance (Conde-Agudelo et al, 2006; Hayes et al, 2006). Unintended pregnancy has been independently associated with adverse consequences including increased risk of pregnancy complications, depression and poorer psychological wellbeing, domestic violence, school dropout and lost career opportunities (Brown and Eisenberg, 1995; Logan et al, 2007).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incentives to promote family planning

Heil

Gaalema

Herrmann

2012

Preventive Medicine

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective Over the past 60 years, population control has become an increasingly urgent issue worldwide as a growing population strains already limited resources. The use of financial incentives to promote family planning is an innovative approach that has potential to make a contribution to efforts to better manage population growth. This report reviews eight studies that examined the effect of incentives on family planning. Method Published studies that tested the impact of incentives to promote some aspect of family planning and included an appropriate control or comparison condition were reviewed. Results Incentives have been used to promote attendance at contraceptive education sessions, adoption and continuation of contraceptive methods, sterilization, and to limit family size. All but one of the eight studies reviewed reported positive outcomes, but weaknesses in study design and execution limit the strength of the conclusions that can be drawn. Conclusion Review of this literature suggests that family planning behaviors, like other behaviors, are sensitive to incentives. Given the tremendous need for efficacious interventions in global efforts to manage population growth, further research on this topic using more rigorous experimental methods is warranted.

show abstract

“…Longer birth intervals allow parents to devote more time to each child in the early years, ease pressure on family finances, and give parents more time for activities other than childrearing (Shrestha and Manandhar 2003;USAID 2006). Studies focusing on the effects of short birth spacing on education in developed countries (Sweden and the state of South Carolina in the US) have documented negative effects on school readiness and educational attainment (Hayes et al 2006;Pettersson-Lidbom and Thoursie 2009).…”

Section: Theoretical Framework and Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Family Planning Outcomes and Primary School Attendance in Sub‐Saharan Africa

Longwe¹,

Smits

2012

Studies in Family Planning

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study examines the relationship between women's family planning outcomes and primary school enrollment among their 8-11-year-old children. We analyze household- and wider-context-level data for 103,000 children in 30 sub-Saharan African countries. Negative associations with school enrollment are found for those who have short preceding or succeeding birth intervals, a young sibling, or a mother who is pregnant. These findings remain unchanged after controlling for socioeconomic and demographic characteristics. Analysis of interaction effects shows that many associations with family planning outcomes depend on the context in which the household is living, revealing the importance of a situation-specific approach. Findings indicate that helping families improve their pregnancy planning will increase children's schooling opportunities and lead to more effective use of household and community resources.

show abstract

Short birth intervals and the risk of school unreadiness among a Medicaid population in South Carolina

Cited by 12 publications

References 7 publications

Effects of Birth Spacing on Maternal, Perinatal, Infant, and Child Health: A Systematic Review of Causal Mechanisms

Effects of Birth Spacing on Maternal, Perinatal, Infant, and Child Health: A Systematic Review of Causal Mechanisms

Incentives to promote family planning

Family Planning Outcomes and Primary School Attendance in Sub‐Saharan Africa

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About