Short-Chain Fatty Acids Induce Colonic Mucosal Injury in Rats with Various Postnatal Ages

Nafday, Suhas; Chen, Wei; Peng, Luying; Babyatsky, Mark W.; Holzman, Ian R.; Lin, Jing

doi:10.1203/01.pdr.0000150721.83224.89

Cited by 62 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…As the consequence of accumulation of luminal sugars, fecal bacteria fermentation of xanthan gum increases the production of H 2 and short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) in the colon of man 7 and rats. 9 SCFA-induced colonic mucosal injury in neonatal rat was found inversely with maturation, 10 and excess luminal SCFA may have a role in the pathogenesis of NEC. 11 In addition, xanthan gum causes an increase in fecal bile acid excretion.…”

Section: Casementioning

confidence: 84%

Development of necrotizing enterocolitis in premature infants receiving thickened feeds using SimplyThick®

et al. 2012

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SimplyThick s (ST) has been safely used as a thickener to treat adults who have dysphagia, but the safety of this product has not been studied in premature infants. Xanthan gum is the ingredient in ST that results in thickening and also is an effective laxative. We recently began using ST to treat premature infants with dysphagia and/or gastroesophageal reflux. We describe three cases of premature infants who developed necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) after they were fed ST. Unlike classic NEC, all three cases presented with late-onset colonic NEC.

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Section: Casementioning

confidence: 84%

Development of necrotizing enterocolitis in premature infants receiving thickened feeds using SimplyThick®

et al. 2012

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“…[17] This enzymatic machinery suggests an evolutionary adaptation of commensals to life in the human GI tract. In addition, the SCFAs produced in the colon, such as formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, and butyric acid, may have an impact on the intestinal mucosa [18] as well as other peripheral tissues that regulate host metabolism. [19] The protective role of omega-3 fatty acids on intestinal inflammation is well established.…”

Section: Nutrient Metabolism By the Intestinal Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of the gut microbiota, prebiotics, and probiotics on human health and disease

Lin

Chang²,

et al. 2014

Biomed J

109

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“…On the other hand, butyrate production appears deleterious in infants since 1) an over-production of butyrate has been associated with the onset of necrotizing enterocolitis (9); and 2) colonic perfusion of high concentrations of butyrate (300 mM) induced mucosal damage in pups younger than 20 d of age (10,11). Such an impact could be considered as irrelevant since neonatal gut microbiota does not produce butyrate (12), and therefore prebiotic supplementation solely enhances lactate and acetate production in infants (2).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such an impact could be considered as irrelevant since neonatal gut microbiota does not produce butyrate (12), and therefore prebiotic supplementation solely enhances lactate and acetate production in infants (2). Colonic perfusions of highly concentrated (300 mM) acetate, however, also causes mucosal damage in rat pups (10,11) and elevation of organic acid levels have been linked to the increased incidence of Salmonella translocation observed in adult rats fed a lowcalcium diet supplemented with prebiotics (13,14).…”

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confidence: 99%

Supplementation With Galactooligosaccharides and Inulin Increases Bacterial Translocation in Artificially Reared Newborn Rats

et al. 2008

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Supplementation of formulas with prebiotics enhances the growth of lactate producing bacteria, and fecal lactate, and acetate levels in infants. High concentrations of organic acids in intestinal lumen have, however, been shown to impair the intestinal barrier function. To determine whether stimulating the colonic microbiotal metabolism with prebiotics would impair the neonatal intestinal barrier function, artificially reared rats were fed milk formula with or without a mixture of galactooligosaccharides/inulin (GOS/Inulin, 88/12; 5.6 g/L) from the 7th d of life (d7) until weaning (d20). At d18, GOS/inulin supplementation had increased the concentrations of acetate and lactate in colonic lumen. Although neither ileumassociated microbiota nor colonic permeability (assessed in Ussing chambers), nor the expression of tight junction claudin-2 and claudin-3 mRNA were altered, GOS/inulin supplementation was associated with increased bacterial translocation (BT) toward spleen. None of these effects persisted at d40. We conclude that GOS/inulin supplementation may increase BT in an immature gut. The balance between the potential infectious risk of BT vs. its putative beneficial effect on the maturation of neonatal immune system clearly warrants further study. (Pediatr Res 64: 34-39, 2008)

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Short-Chain Fatty Acids Induce Colonic Mucosal Injury in Rats with Various Postnatal Ages

Cited by 62 publications

References 27 publications

Development of necrotizing enterocolitis in premature infants receiving thickened feeds using SimplyThick®

Development of necrotizing enterocolitis in premature infants receiving thickened feeds using SimplyThick®

Impact of the gut microbiota, prebiotics, and probiotics on human health and disease

Supplementation With Galactooligosaccharides and Inulin Increases Bacterial Translocation in Artificially Reared Newborn Rats

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