Short circuit: Disaggregation of adrenocorticotropic hormone and cortisol levels in HIV‐positive, methamphetamine‐using men who have sex with men

Rodriguez, Violeta J.; Jones, Deborah L.; Kumar, Mahendra

doi:10.1002/hup.2645

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…These abnormal TSH levels were generally indicative of hyperactive pituitary functioning, but some meth-using MSM displayed evidence of hypoactive pituitary functioning. Because pituitary functioning is controlled by the hypothalamus, these results are consistent with prior research by our team and others, in which meth use was associated with HPA axis dysregulation (Carrico et al, 2017; Li et al, 2013). Consistent with greater thyroid dysregulation, meth-using MSM were more likely to be normal weight and report greater depressive symptoms.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Meth has previously been associated with elevated thyroxine (T4) and serum adrenocorticotropic hormones as well as lower serum cortisol, triiodothyronine (T3), and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels (Li et al, 2013). Chronic meth use has also been shown to destroy the regulatory function of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis (Carrico et al, 2017; Li et al, 2013), which governs normal thyroid function by regulating thyroid hormone secretion, including T3 and T4. Taken together, meth may have direct effect on dysregulation of the hypothalamic–pituitary– thyroid axis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Methamphetamine-associated dysregulation of the hypothalamic–pituitary–thyroid axis

et al. 2018

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Methamphetamine and HIV impair thyroid function, but few studies have investigated their combined effects on thyroid dysregulation. This study examined the associations of methamphetamine use alone and in combination with HIV on thyroid function among men in South Florida. Measures of thyroid function in methamphetamine-using, HIV-infected (METH+HIV+; n = 127) and HIV-negative (METH+HIV-; n = 46) men who have sex with men (MSM) were compared to non-methamphetamine-using, HIV-negative men (METH-HIV-; n = 136). Thyroid function was dysregulated in methamphetamine-using MSM, irrespective of HIV status. Both meth-using groups had greater odds of abnormal thyroid stimulating hormone levels and significantly higher mean free triiodothyronine (T3) levels. Elevated free T3 was associated with greater depressive symptoms. Overall, outcomes have important implications for assessment of thyroid function in methamphetamine users, particularly among those presenting with depression.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methamphetamine-associated dysregulation of the hypothalamic–pituitary–thyroid axis

et al. 2018

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“…The acute effects of methamphetamine are attributable to sympathetic nervous system activation (Makisumi et al, 1998), resulting in the release of catecholamines such as norepinephrine at sympathetic nerve terminals and increased dopamine production in the central nervous system (Wilson et al, 1996). In addition, the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) and hypothalamicpituitary-thyroidal (HPT) axes are thought to be dysregulated in chronic methamphetamine users (Carrico et al, 2018; Goeders, 2002; Li et al, 2013). This was observed in pathway analyses indicating possible dysregulation of the HPA and HPT axes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent stimulant use and leukocyte gene expression in methamphetamine users with treated HIV infection

Carrico

Flentje

Lee

et al. 2018

Brain, Behavior, and Immunity

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Stimulant use may accelerate HIV disease progression through biological and behavioral pathways. However, scant research with treated HIV-positive persons has examined stimulant-associated alterations in pathophysiologic processes relevant to HIV pathogenesis. In a sample of 55 HIV-positive, methamphetamine-using sexual minority men with a viral load less than 200 copies/mL, we conducted RNA sequencing to examine patterns of leukocyte gene expression in participants who had a urine sample that was reactive for stimulants (n = 27) as compared to those who tested non-reactive (n = 28). Results indicated differential expression of 32 genes and perturbation of 168 pathways in recent stimulant users. We observed statistically significant differential expression of single genes previously associated with HIV latency, cell cycle regulation, and immune activation in recent stimulant users (false discovery rate p < 0.10). Pathway analyses indicated enrichment for genes associated with inflammation, innate immune activation, neuroendocrine hormone regulation, and neurotransmitter synthesis. Recent stimulant users displayed concurrent elevations in plasma levels of tumor necrosis factor - alpha (TNF-α) but not interleukin 6 (IL-6). Further research is needed to examine the bio-behavioral mechanisms whereby stimulant use may contribute to HIV persistence and disease progression.

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“…18 Among individuals living with HIV, rates of depression are higher in groups that have experienced a greater number of factors contributing to depressive symptomatology, such as women in rural, low-income settings 19 and men who have sex with men with a history of drug use. 20 Different etiological mechanisms of depression between HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected people have been found, including lack of social support and hopelessness. 18,21 Depression has also been linked to accelerated HIV progression, with physiological, psychological, social, and behavioral mechanisms theorized to contribute to this association.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of social support in the association between childhood trauma and depression among HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected individuals

et al. 2018

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Childhood trauma (CT) - emotional, physical or sexual abuse, or emotional or physical neglect - has been associated with HIV infection and can lead to poor health outcomes and depression in adulthood. Though the impact of CT on depression may be decreased by social support, this may not be true of individuals living with HIV, due to the additive traumatic effects of both CT and acquisition of HIV. This study examined social support, depression, and CT among HIV-infected (n = 134) and HIV-uninfected (n = 306) men and women. Participants (N = 440) were assessed regarding sociodemographic characteristics, CT, depression, and social support. Participants were racially and ethnically diverse, 36 ± 9 years of age on average, and 44% had an income of less than USD$500 a month. Among HIV-uninfected individuals, social support explained the association between depression in persons with CT ( b = 0.082, bCI [0.044, 0.130]). Among HIV-infected individuals, after accounting for sociodemographic characteristics, social support did not explain the association between depression and CT due to lower levels of social support among HIV-infected individuals [95% CI: -0.006, 0.265]. The quality of social support may differ among HIV-infected persons due to decreased social support and smaller social networks among those living with HIV. Depressive symptoms among those living with HIV appear to be less influenced by social support, likely due to the additive effects of HIV infection combined with CT.

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Short circuit: Disaggregation of adrenocorticotropic hormone and cortisol levels in HIV‐positive, methamphetamine‐using men who have sex with men

Cited by 7 publications

References 33 publications

Methamphetamine-associated dysregulation of the hypothalamic–pituitary–thyroid axis

Methamphetamine-associated dysregulation of the hypothalamic–pituitary–thyroid axis

Recent stimulant use and leukocyte gene expression in methamphetamine users with treated HIV infection

The role of social support in the association between childhood trauma and depression among HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected individuals

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