Short Communication: Effect of dietary lysine content and sanitation conditions on performance of weaned pigs fed antibiotic-free diets

Abstract

Kahindi, R. K., Htoo, J. K. and Nyachoti, C. M. 2014. Short Communication: Effect of dietary lysine content and sanitation conditions on performance of weaned pigs fed antibiotic-free diets. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 94: 115–118. One hundred and ninety-two piglets (7.2±0.50 kg body weight) were fed corn–wheat–soybean meal based-diets to determine dietary Lys requirement in a 2×4 factorial setting [two sanitation conditions (SC): clean and unclean, and four dietary lysine contents: 0.94, 1.09, 1.25 and 1.43%]. The average daily gain (ADG) and gain to feed ratio (G:F) linearly increased (P<0.05) with dietary lysine contents, but were lower (P<0.0001) under unclean sanitation conditions from day 0 to 7 but not from day 8 to 21. Overall, dietary lysine contents did not affect average daily feed intake (ADFI), but unclean sanitation conditions reduced (P<0.01) ADFI; however, ADG was increased by both dietary lysine contents and SC? (P<0.001), whereas only dietary lysine contents affected G:F.

Effects of dietary threonine:lysine ratioes and sanitary conditions on performance, plasma urea nitrogen, plasma-free threonine and lysine of weaned pigs

“…2, piglets raised under unclean sanitary conditions had reduced growth performance compared with the values reported by other studies (335 g, NRC, 2012 ; 500 g, Zhang and Kim, 2014 ). This suggests that the sanitation model of immune challenge was effective, which is consistent with the findings of others ( Lee et al., 2005 , Le Floc’h et al., 2006 , Kahindi et al., 2014a ) that showed decreased growth performance when piglets subjected to poor sanitary conditions.…”

“…Weaned pigs reared under unclean sanitary conditions was used as a model to provoke a low-grade inflammatory response ( Le Floc’h et al., 2009 , Kahindi et al., 2014a ) and those pigs had reduced growth performance ( Kahindi et al., 2014a ) and activated immune system ( Williams et al., 1997 ) that would interfere with growth because of competition between protein deposition in structural tissues and immune function ( Le Floc'h et al., 2009 ).…”

Gut Health of Pigs: Challenge Models and Response Criteria with a Critical Analysis of the Effectiveness of Selected Feed Additives — A Review

“…In a 21 d experiment, Kahindi (2014) reported that the ADG and G:F were lower for pigs raised under unclean conditions compared with their clean counterparts during d 0 to 14 but the effect on ADG disappeared during d 15 to 21 which suggested that the ability of piglets to deal with an immunological stress improved with age and that they were able to adapt to their environment with time. However, the overall ADG was still lower for pigs raised under unclean conditions compared with those raised under clean conditions indicating that piglets were unable to fully overcome the effects of being subjected to unclean housing conditions ( Kahindi, 2014 ; Kahindi et al, 2014 ). In a meta-analysis by Pastorelli et al (2012) , it was concluded that sanitary challenges negatively affect feed intake and growth, leading to a negative impact on animal well-being and economic losses.…”

Effects of different dietary tryptophan : lysine ratios and sanitary conditions on growth performance, plasma urea nitrogen, serum haptoglobin and ileal histomorphology of weaned pigs

“…Indeed, piglets raised under unclean (UCL) sanitary conditions had reduced growth performance (Kahindi et al 2014a) and an activated immune system , which also induced an inflammatory response (Le Floc'h et al 2006). However, because of its involvement in the immune response, this level of Trp might not be adequate for pigs raised in commercial production conditions, whereby incidences of clinical and subclinical infections are high, especially during the immediate post-weaning period.…”