Short communication: Effects of dietary addition of N-carbamoylglutamate on milk composition in mid-lactating dairy cows

Gu, Fengfei; Liang, Sophie Hsin-Yi; Wei, Zhenbo; Wang, C.P.; Liu, H.Y.; Liu, J.X.; Wang, Diming

doi:10.3168/jds.2018-15162

Cited by 13 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The greater DMI in cows consuming NCG in our study could be related to the higher levels of NO in plasma. However, no difference in DMI was observed with the addition of NCG in our previous studies ( Chacher et al., 2014 ; Gu et al., 2018 ). After comprehensively analyzing 35 studies on feeding with the same Met product, Patton (2010) found that the DMI response of cows varied based on the differences in experimental lengths and lactation stages.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 57%

“…The samples were centrifuged at 3,000 × g for 15 min to collect plasma which was then frozen at −20 °C until subsequent analysis. Plasma biochemical variables were analyzed using an AutoAnalyzer 7020 instrument (Hitachi High-technologies Corporation, Tokyo, Japan) with colorimetric commercial kits (Ningbo Medical System Biotechnology Co., Ltd.) to determine urea nitrogen, total protein, albumin, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), triglyceride, glucose, total bilirubin, cholesterol, globulin, glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (AST), and glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (ALT) ( Gu et al., 2018 ). Plasma concentration of NO was measured using the nitrate reductase method with a NO assay kit (Nanjing Jiancheng Bioengineering Research Institute, Nanjing, China, No.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(2014) reported that supplementation of NCG could improve nitrogen utilization and tended to increased milk yield in high-yielding dairy cows. Our previous study found that supplemental NCG could improve milk quality but not milk yield in mid-lactation cows ( Gu et al., 2018 ). In both studies, blood concentration of Arg was increased by the NCG supplementation, indicating the effectiveness of NCG in enhancing Arg and milk synthesis in lactating dairy cows.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dietary supplementation with N-carbamoylglutamate initiated from the prepartum stage improves lactation performance of postpartum dairy cows

Miao

Jiang

et al. 2021

Animal Nutrition

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The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of supplementing N-carbamoylglutamate (NCG), an Arg enhancer, on amino acid (AA) supply and utilization and productive performance of early-lactating dairy cows. Thirty multiparous Chinese Holstein dairy cows were randomly divided into control (CON, n = 15) and NCG (CON diet supplemented with NCG at 20 g/d per cow, n = 15) groups at 4 wk before calving. Diets were offered individually in tie-stalls, and NCG was supplemented by top-dress feeding onto total mixed ration for the NCG group. The experiment lasted until wk 10 after calving. Dry matter intake tended to be higher ( P = 0.06), and yields of milk ( P < 0.01), milk protein ( P < 0.01), and milk fat ( P < 0.01) were higher in the NCG-cows than in the CON-cows. Plasma activities of aspartate aminotransferase ( P < 0.01), alanine aminotransferase ( P = 0.03), and plasma level of β-hydroxybutyrate ( P = 0.04) were lower in the NCG-cows than in the CON-cows, whereas plasma glucose ( P = 0.05) and nitric oxide (NO, P < 0.01) concentrations were higher. Coccygeal vein concentrations of Cys ( P < 0.01), Pro ( P < 0.01), Tyr ( P = 0.05), most essential AA except Thr and His ( P < 0.01), total essential AA ( P < 0.01), and total AA ( P < 0.01) were higher in the NCG-cows than in the CON-cows. The arterial supply of all AA was greater in the NCG-cows than in the CON-cows. The NCG-cows had higher mammary plasma flow of AA ( P = 0.04) and clearance rate of Cys ( P < 0.01), Pro ( P < 0.01) and Asp ( P < 0.01), and higher ratios of uptake to output of Met ( P = 0.05), Lys ( P < 0.01), Cys ( P = 0.01), Pro ( P = 0.03), and Asp ( P = 0.01). In summary, addition of NCG initiated from the prepartum period improved the lactation performance of postpartum dairy cows, which might attribute to greater Arg and NO concentrations, as well as improved AA supply and utilization, liver function, and feed intake in these cows.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 57%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dietary supplementation with N-carbamoylglutamate initiated from the prepartum stage improves lactation performance of postpartum dairy cows

Miao

Jiang

et al. 2021

Animal Nutrition

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“…The amounts of feed offered and refused were recorded according to Gu et al (2018) [17] to determine dry matter intake (DMI). The TMR samples were collected weekly for dry matter (DM, 105 °C for 5 h), crude ash, ether extract (EE), crude protein (CP), and acid detergent fiber (ADF), according to AOAC procedures (method 942.05, 920.39, 988.05, and 973.18, respectively), and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) with sodium sulfite and amylase was analyzed [18].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Dietary Rumen-Protected Betaine Supplementation on Performance of Postpartum Dairy Cows and Immunity of Newborn Calves

Wang

Guan

et al. 2019

Animals

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The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of rumen-protected betaine supplementation on performance of postpartum dairy cows and immunity of newborn calves. Twenty-four multiparous Holstein dairy cows were randomly divided into the control (CON, n = 12) and rumen-protected betaine (BET, n = 12) groups after blocking by parity and milk yield during the previous lactation cycle. The cows were fed a basal total mixed ration diet without BET (CON) or with BET at 20 g/d per cow (BET) from four weeks before expected calving to six weeks postpartum. The results showed that betaine supplementation had no effect on dry matter intake and milk yield of the cows. The BET cows tended to increase feed efficiency (energy-corrected milk/dry matter intake) and body weight loss postpartum compared to the CON cows. The plasma β-hydroxybutyrate concentrations of the BET cows were greater at d seven after calving than those of the CON cows. Moreover, compared to the CON calves, the BET calves had greater plasma total protein and globulin concentrations. The plasma glucose concentrations of the BET calves tended to decrease relative to CON cows. In conclusion, rumen-protected betaine supplementation from four weeks before expected calving tended to increase fat mobilization of postpartum dairy cows, and might improve the immunity of newborn calves.

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“…Arginine participates in protein synthesis and metabolism to improve intestinal absorption function, hormones secretion and nitric oxide (NO) production, which ultimately bene ts the growth, development and production performance of dairy cows [1,2]. However, with the high arginase activity or rumen degradation, arginine is rapidly degraded with short biological half-time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of dietary N-carbamylglutamate supplementation on milk production performance, nutrient digestibility and blood metabolomics of lactating Holstein cows under heat stress

Ren

et al. 2021

Animal Feed Science and Technology

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Background: Heat stress (HS) becomes a serious threat to dairy cow industry in certain circumstances, Ncarbamylglutamate (NCG) is a novel feed additive that may be used to alleviate HS. However, the effects and mechanisms of NCG on dairy cows under HS are still unknown. A total of 48 Holstein dairy cows with similar days in milk (154.37±13.56 d), parity (1-3), and body condition score (BCS) were randomly divided into 4 groups of 12 animals each. Under HS, the cows were fed a TMR diet supplemented with 0 (control), 15, 20, 25 g of NCG/d per cow for 60 days. Milk production performance was recorded and serum parameters were examined. Meanwhile, metabolomics study of plasma based on liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) was also applied to investigate metabolites and pathways in response to NCG supplementation.Results: Milk yield (MY) was increased but milk urine nitrogen (MUN) was reduced by the NCG treatment.Addition of 15 g of NCG/d increased the milk protein percentage (MPP) compared with the control. No effect of NCG was observed on dry matter intake (DMI), lactose percentage (LP), milk fat percentage (MFP) and somatic cell count (SCC). Serum glucose (GLU) levels in cows fed with 15, 20, 25 g of NCG/d were increased by 14.35%, 19.34% and 18.63% in comparison with the control. Meanwhile, the concentrations of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and blood ammonia (BA) were decreased with the addition of NCG. Results for antioxidant capacity and immune function showed bene cial effects of NCG, such as the increases in total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), IgG, IgM and IgA. Clear separations of plasma metabolic pro les between control and NCG groups were observed in the score plots. Sixteen different metabolites involved in metabolisms of amino acids, ketone bodies, butanoate and energy, as well as gut microbiome-derived metabolism were regulated by NCG supplementation.Conclusions: This study found that NCG treatment improved antioxidant capacity, immune function, production performance, and metabolic pro le of dairy cows under HS and provided new evidence for the better utilization of NCG.

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Short communication: Effects of dietary addition of N-carbamoylglutamate on milk composition in mid-lactating dairy cows

Cited by 13 publications

References 32 publications

Dietary supplementation with N-carbamoylglutamate initiated from the prepartum stage improves lactation performance of postpartum dairy cows

Dietary supplementation with N-carbamoylglutamate initiated from the prepartum stage improves lactation performance of postpartum dairy cows

Effects of Dietary Rumen-Protected Betaine Supplementation on Performance of Postpartum Dairy Cows and Immunity of Newborn Calves

Effects of dietary N-carbamylglutamate supplementation on milk production performance, nutrient digestibility and blood metabolomics of lactating Holstein cows under heat stress

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