Short Communication: Effects of Omega-3 Fatty Acids on Triglycerides and High-Density Lipoprotein Subprofiles in HIV-Infected Persons with Hypertriglyceridemia

Paranandi, Anu; Asztalos, Bela F.; Mangili, Alexandra; Kuvin, Jefferey; Gerrior, Jül; Sheehan, Heidi; Skinner, Stuart; Tang, Alice; Wanke, Christine

doi:10.1089/aid.2014.0005

Cited by 19 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…We observed no change in circulating total cholesterol concentration after EPA and DHA supplementation, which is consistent with previous omega-3 fatty acids trials including some that were conducted in HIV-infected populations [22, 23]. Although having no effect on total cholesterol, some fish oil intervention trials showed increased HDL and LDL particle size [24-26].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Changes in relative and absolute concentrations of plasma phospholipid fatty acids observed in a randomized trial of Omega-3 fatty acids supplementation in Uganda

Song

Diep

Schenk

et al. 2016

Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids

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Expressing circulating phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) in relative concentrations has some limitations: the total of all fatty acids are summed to 100%; therefore, the values of individual fatty acid are not independent. In this study we examined if both relative and absolute metrics could effectively measure changes in circulating PLFA concentrations in an intervention trial. 66 HIV and HHV8 infected patients in Uganda were randomized to take 3g/d of either long-chain omega-3 fatty acids (1,856 mg EPA and 1,232 mg DHA) or high—oleic safflower oil in a 12-week double-blind trial. Plasma samples were collected at baseline and end of trial. Relative weight percentage and absolute concentrations of 41 plasma PLFAs were measured using gas chromatography. Total cholesterol was also measured. Intervention-effect changes in concentrations were calculated as differences between end of 12-week trial and baseline. Pearson correlations of relative and absolute concentration changes in individual PLFAs were high (>0.6) for 37 of the 41 PLFAs analyzed. In the intervention arm, 17 PLFAs changed significantly in relative concentration and 16 in absolute concentration, 15 of which were identical. Absolute concentration of total PLFAs decreased 95.1 mg/L (95% CI: 26.0, 164.2; P = 0.0085), but total cholesterol did not change significantly in the intervention arm. No significant change was observed in any of the measurements in the placebo arm. Both relative weight percentage and absolute concentrations could effectively measure changes in plasma PLFA concentrations. EPA and DHA supplementation changes the concentrations of multiple plasma PLFAs besides EPA and DHA.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Changes in relative and absolute concentrations of plasma phospholipid fatty acids observed in a randomized trial of Omega-3 fatty acids supplementation in Uganda

Song

Diep

Schenk

et al. 2016

Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids

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“…We found that in HIV-seropositive patients, this dose decreased triglycerides (TG) as has been previously reported in these patients [ 11 ]. Also Parandi et al [ 26 ] reported a decrease of 63.2 ± 86.9 mg/dl without change in total cholesterol, LDL-C, or HDL-C in 41 HIV+ subjects with hypertriglyceridemia (>150 mg/dl) after omega 3 fatty acid treatment (1.9 g EPA and 1.5 g DHA). However; Oliveira et al [ 27 ] found no effect on lipids after using 3 g fish oil in similar patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Omega 3 Fatty Acids Supplementation and Oxidative Stress in HIV-Seropositive Patients. A Clinical Trial

et al. 2016

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HIV-seropositive patients show high incidence of coronary heart disease and oxidative stress has been described as relevant key in atherosclerosis development. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of omega 3 fatty acids on different markers of oxidative stress in HIV-seropositive patients. We performed a randomized parallel controlled clinical trial in The Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, a public health hospital. 70 HIV-seropositive patients aged 20 to 55 on clinical score A1, A2, B1 or B2 receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) were studied. They were randomly assigned to receive omega 3 fatty acids 2.4 g (Zonelabs, Marblehead MA) or placebo for 6 months. At baseline and at the end of the study, anthropometric measurements, lipid profile, glucose and stress oxidative levels [nitric oxide catabolites, lipoperoxides (malondialdehyde plus 4-hydroxialkenals), and glutathione] were evaluated. Principal HAART therapy was EFV/TDF/FTC (55%) and AZT/3TC/EFV (15%) without difference between groups. Treatment with omega 3 fatty acids as compared with placebo decreased triglycerides (-0.32 vs. 0.54 mmol/L; p = 0.04), but oxidative stress markers were not different between groups.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT02041520

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“…An additional three studies were excluded because they reported incomplete data. Finally, nine studies were eligible and included in the meta-analysis [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. The study selection process is shown in Figure 1.…”

Section: Flow and Characteristics Of The Included Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Treatment on Lipid Pattern of HIV Patients: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials

et al. 2020

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Even though omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) seem to be effective in the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated dyslipidemia, their impact is still debated. For this reason, our aim was to perform a meta-analysis of the clinical evidence available to date. A systematic literature search was conducted in order to identify published clinical trials assessing the effect of PUFAs treatment on serum lipoproteins, and its safety profile. The effect sizes for lipid changes were expressed as mean difference (MD) and 95% confidence interval (CI). For safety analysis, odd ratios and the 95% CI were calculated with the Mantel–Haenszel method. Data were pooled from nine clinical studies comprising overall 578 HIV-affected subjects. Meta-analysis of the data suggested that omega-3 PUFAs significantly reduced triglycerides (TG) (MD = −1.04, 95% CI: −1.5, −0.58 mmol/L, p < 0.001), while increasing high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (MD = 0.36, 95% CI: 0.12, 0.61 mmol/L, p = 0.004), without affecting serum levels of total cholesterol, very-low- and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and apolipoprotein B and A1. Change in TG was significantly associated with eicosapentaenoic acid administered via daily dose. PUFA treatment did not lead to an increased risk of adverse events. In conclusion, PUFAs are safe and exert a significant plasma lipid improving effect in HIV-positive patients.

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Short Communication: Effects of Omega-3 Fatty Acids on Triglycerides and High-Density Lipoprotein Subprofiles in HIV-Infected Persons with Hypertriglyceridemia

Cited by 19 publications

References 25 publications

Changes in relative and absolute concentrations of plasma phospholipid fatty acids observed in a randomized trial of Omega-3 fatty acids supplementation in Uganda

Changes in relative and absolute concentrations of plasma phospholipid fatty acids observed in a randomized trial of Omega-3 fatty acids supplementation in Uganda

Omega 3 Fatty Acids Supplementation and Oxidative Stress in HIV-Seropositive Patients. A Clinical Trial

Effect of Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Treatment on Lipid Pattern of HIV Patients: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials

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