Short Physical Performance Battery and all-cause mortality: systematic review and meta-analysis

Pavasini, Rita; Guralnik, Jack M.; Brown, Justin C.; Bari, Mauro Di; Cesari, Matteo; Landi, Francesco; Vaes, Bert; Legrand, Delphine; Verghese, Joe; Wang, Cuiling; Stenholm, Sari; Ferrucci, Luigi; Lai, Jennifer C.; Arnau, Anna; Espaulella, Joan; Ferrer, Montse; Lim, Jae‐Young; Ensrud, Kristine E.; Cawthon, Peggy M.; Turusheva, Anna V.; Фролова, Е В; Rolland, Yves; Lauwers, Valerie; Corsonello, Andrea; Kirk, Gregory D.; Ferrari, Roberto; Volpato, Stefano; Campo, Gianluca

doi:10.1186/s12916-016-0763-7

Cited by 642 publications

(490 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…These findings may be explained by the pathogenesis of frailty in CKD being distinct from the general older population, with factors such as the accumulation of uraemic toxins, reduced appetite, metabolic acidosis and anabolic hormone dysregulation contributing more prominently [2,18]. Walking speed, hand grip strength and the SPPB have all been proposed as frailty screening measures [17,24,25,45,46]. However, poor physical performance of the lower limbs, rather than upper limbs, is most predictive of outcomes in patients with CKD [47].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Diagnostic Accuracy of Frailty Screening Methods in Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease

Nixon

Bampouras

Pendleton

et al. 2018

Nephron

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Background/Aims: Frail patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have an increased hospitalisation and mortality rate. However, many popular frailty screening methods have not been validated in patients with CKD. This study evaluates the diagnostic accuracy of several frailty screening methods in patients with CKD G4–5 and those established on haemodialysis (G5D). Methods: Ninety participants with CKD G4–5D were recruited from Nephrology Outpatient Clinics and 2 Haemodialysis Units between December 2016 and December 2017. Frailty was diagnosed using the Fried Frailty Phenotype. The following frailty screening tests were evaluated: Clinical Frailty Scale, PRISMA-7, CKD Frailty Index, CKD FI-LAB, walking speed, hand grip strength and Short Physical Performance Battery. Results: The mean age of participants was 69 years (SD ±13). One-third of participants were dialysis-dependent. Nineteen (21%) patients were categorised as frail, 42 (47%) as pre-frail and 29 (32%) as robust. Overall, walking speed was the most discriminative measure (AUC 0.97 [95% CI 0.93–1.00], sensitivity 0.84 [95% CI 0.62–0.94], specificity 0.96 [95% CI 0.88–0.99]). The Clinical Frailty Scale had the best performance of the non-physical assessment frailty screening methods (AUC 0.90 [95% CI 0.84–0.97], sensitivity 0.79 [95% CI 0.57–0.91], specificity 0.87 [95% CI 0.78–0.93]). Conclusions: Walking speed can be used to accurately screen for frailty in CKD populations. If it is not practical to perform a physical assessment to screen for frailty, the Clinical Frailty Scale is a useful alternative.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Diagnostic Accuracy of Frailty Screening Methods in Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease

Nixon

Bampouras

Pendleton

et al. 2018

Nephron

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“…In children, functional impairment has been associated with higher wait‐list and post‐LT mortality, highlighting the importance of a thorough assessment of muscle functionality . We recommend a minimum of 2 muscle tests to assess muscle function because impairments may not be captured with single measurement . In adults and children (6‐18 years), the use of validated and easy to perform tests, such as the hand grip and sit‐to‐stand tests, would enable the assessment of muscle strength .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sarcopenia in Chronic Liver Disease: Impact on Outcomes

et al. 2019

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Malnutrition is a common complication in patients with end‐stage liver disease (ESLD) awaiting liver transplantation (LT). Malnutrition and sarcopenia overlap in etiology and outcomes, with sarcopenia being defined as reduced skeletal muscle mass and muscle function. The purpose of this review was to identify the prevalence of sarcopenia with and without obesity in adults and children with ESLD and to assess the methodological considerations in sarcopenia diagnosis and the association of sarcopenia with pre‐ and post‐LT outcomes. A total of 38 articles (35 adult and 3 pediatric articles) retrieved from PubMed or Web of Science databases were included. In adults, the prevalence rates of pre‐LT sarcopenia, pre‐LT sarcopenic obesity (SO), post‐LT sarcopenia, and post‐LT SO were 14%‐78%, 2%‐42%, 30%‐100%, and 88%, respectively. Only 2 adult studies assessed muscle function in patients diagnosed with sarcopenia. The presence of pre‐LT sarcopenia is associated with higher wait‐list mortality, greater postoperative mortality, higher infection risk and postoperative complications, longer intensive care unit (ICU) stay, and ventilator dependency. The emerging pediatric data suggest that sarcopenia is prevalent in pre‐ and post‐LT periods. In 1 pediatric study, sarcopenia was associated with poor growth, longer perioperative length of stay (total/ICU) and ventilator dependency, and increased rehospitalization in children after LT. In conclusion, there is a high prevalence of sarcopenia in adults and children with ESLD. Sarcopenia is associated with adverse clinical outcomes. The present review is limited by heterogeneity in the definition of sarcopenia and in the methodological approaches in assessing sarcopenia. Future studies are needed to standardize the sarcopenia diagnosis and muscle function assessment, particularly in the pediatric population, to enable early identification and treatment of sarcopenia in adults and children with ESLD.

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“…Because of the design of the studies considered, the section ‘Comparability’ and question 2 of the section ‘Selection’ (‘selection of the non-exposed cohort’) have not been considered 18. Discrepancies between reviewers have been solved by consensus.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grip strength predicts cardiac adverse events in patients with cardiac disorders: an individual patient pooled meta-analysis

Pavasini

Serenelli²,

Celis‐Morales

et al. 2018

Heart

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ObjectiveGrip strength is a well-characterised measure of weakness and of poor muscle performance, but there is a lack of consensus on its prognostic implications in terms of cardiac adverse events in patients with cardiac disorders.MethodsArticles were searched in PubMed, Cochrane Library, BioMed Central and EMBASE. The main inclusion criteria were patients with cardiac disorders (ischaemic heart disease, heart failure (HF), cardiomyopathies, valvulopathies, arrhythmias); evaluation of grip strength by handheld dynamometer; and relation between grip strength and outcomes. The endpoints of the study were cardiac death, all-cause mortality, hospital admission for HF, cerebrovascular accident (CVA) and myocardial infarction (MI). Data of interest were retrieved from the articles and after contact with authors, and then pooled in an individual patient meta-analysis. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression was performed to define predictors of outcomes.ResultsOverall, 23 480 patients were included from 7 studies. The mean age was 62.3±6.9 years and 70% were male. The mean follow-up was 2.82±1.7 years. After multivariate analysis grip strength (difference of 5 kg, 5× kg) emerged as an independent predictor of cardiac death (OR 0.84, 95% CI 0.79 to 0.89, p<0.0001), all-cause death (OR 0.87, 95% CI 0.85 to 0.89, p<0.0001) and hospital admission for HF (OR 0.88, 95% CI 0.84 to 0.92, p<0.0001). On the contrary, we did not find any relationship between grip strength and occurrence of MI or CVA.ConclusionIn patients with cardiac disorders, grip strength predicted cardiac death, all-cause death and hospital admission for HF.Trial registration numberCRD42015025280.

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Short Physical Performance Battery and all-cause mortality: systematic review and meta-analysis

Cited by 642 publications

References 39 publications

Diagnostic Accuracy of Frailty Screening Methods in Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease

Diagnostic Accuracy of Frailty Screening Methods in Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease

Sarcopenia in Chronic Liver Disease: Impact on Outcomes

Grip strength predicts cardiac adverse events in patients with cardiac disorders: an individual patient pooled meta-analysis

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