Short report: absence of protective neutralizng antibodies to West Nile virus in subjects following vaccination with Japanese encephalitis or dengue vaccines.

Kanesa-thasan, Niranjan; Putnak, J. Robert; Mangiafico, Joseph A.; Saluzzo, J E; Ludwig, George V.

doi:10.4269/ajtmh.2002.66.115

Cited by 54 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 10 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Previous observations by others have shown the cross-protective effect of prior exposure to phylogenetically related flaviviruses and concluded that potential for protective cross-reactivity is unlikely to prevent infection and only likely to prevent disease (16). Similarly, we observed that prior YF immunization of monkeys did not prevent infection (viremia) after WN virus challenge, but may have provided an element of protection against death.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 48%

ChimeriVax-West Nile Virus Live-Attenuated Vaccine: Preclinical Evaluation of Safety, Immunogenicity, and Efficacy

Arroyo

Miller

Catalan

et al. 2004

J Virol

186

150

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

(14), Jamaica, and the Dominican Republic (13, 17). The rapid geographic expansion of the virus is attributed to movement by viremic birds during local and migratory flight behavior. To date, there is no effective drug treatment against WN virus infection and surveillance and mosquito control measures have not significantly influenced the number of human infections (27). A vaccine against WN virus represents an important approach to the prevention and control of this emerging disease.The ChimeriVax technology has been successfully used to develop a live vaccine against Japanese encephalitis (JE) virus that is now in phase II trials (23). JE virus is a close genetic relative of WN virus (31), a fact that expedited use of this technology to develop multiple WN virus vaccine candidates. The ChimeriVax technology employs the yellow fever (YF) 17D vaccine capsid and nonstructural genes to deliver the envelope genes (prM and E) of other flaviviruses. In the work presented here, the envelope genes of YF 17D were replaced with the corresponding genes of the wild-type WN virus NY99 strain previously described by Lanciotti et al. (19). The resulting YF/WN chimera lacked the mouse neuroinvasive property of WN virus and is less neurovirulent than YF 17D vaccine in both mouse and monkey models. Because WN virus, like other flaviviruses in the genus, is neurotropic for mammals (21, 29), attenuating point mutations were later introduced in the envelope of the YF/WN chimera to further reduce its virulence. Mutation sites were targeted only to regions of the envelope (E) protein gene and were based on previous observations by others (1,3,28,32) pertaining to attenuation phenotypes in related flaviviruses: specifically JE and tick-borne encephalitis viruses. Site-directed mutations in the WN virus E gene of the chimeric prototype vaccine, ChimeriVax-West Nile 01 , (ChimeriVax-WN 01 ) resulted in a significant reduction in virus neurovirulence. Here we discuss a vaccine in a YF vaccine backbone; the WN virus envelope (E) protein mutagenesis rationale; and the assessment of the safety, immunogenicity, efficacy, and genetic stability of these ChimeriVax-WN vaccine candidates in the mouse and macaque models. MATERIALS AND METHODSYF/WN chimeric clones and molecular procedures for virus assembly. Chimeric flaviviruses were constructed with the ChimeriVax two-plasmid technology previously described (9). Briefly, the two-plasmid system provides plasmid stability in Escherichia coli by dividing the cloned YF backbone into two plasmids. This provides smaller plasmids that are more stable to manipulate the YF sequences facilitating replacement of the prM and E genes of the flavivirus target vaccine. The WN virus prM and E genes used were cloned from the WN flamingo isolate 383-99 sequence (GenBank accession no. AF196835; kindly provided by John Roehrig, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, Colo.). Virus prME sequence cDNA was obtained by reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) (XL-PCR kit; Applied Biosystems, Foster City, C...

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 48%

ChimeriVax-West Nile Virus Live-Attenuated Vaccine: Preclinical Evaluation of Safety, Immunogenicity, and Efficacy

Arroyo

Miller

Catalan

et al. 2004

J Virol

186

150

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…62,74 In some animal models, vaccination with Japanese encephalitis virus, 75 St Louis encephalitis virus or Kunjin virus (a subtype of WNV) confers relative protection from severe WNV infection, but two studies have shown that prior Japanese encephalitis, yellow fever or dengue virus vaccination does not induce protective neutralizing antibody responses to WNV. 76,77 Potential strategies for human WNV vaccine development include use of inactivated or attenuated WNV strains, chimeric live virus vaccines (in which WNV genes are inserted into the genetic background of another flavivirus), and recombinant-subunitbased vaccines. A chimeric vaccine that incorporates WNV into a genomic backbone of attenuated serotype-4 dengue virus induced protective immunity against WNV challenge in monkeys, 78 and is currently undergoing Phase I safety and immunogenicity studies in humans.…”

Section: Vaccinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

West Nile virus meningoencephalitis

2006

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SUMMARYSince its first appearance in the US in 1999, West Nile virus (WNV) has emerged as the most common cause of epidemic meningoencephalitis in North America. In the 6 years following the 1999 outbreak, the geographic range and burden of the disease in birds, mosquitoes and humans has greatly expanded to include the 48 contiguous US and 7 Canadian provinces, as well as Mexico, the Caribbean islands and Colombia. WNV has shown an increasing propensity for neuroinvasive disease over the past decade, with varied presentations including meningitis, encephalitis and acute flaccid paralysis. Although neuroinvasive disease occurs in less than 1% of infected individuals, it is associated with high mortality. From 1999-2005, more than 8,000 cases of neuroinvasive WNV disease were reported in the US, resulting in over 780 deaths. In this review, we discuss epidemiology, risk factors, clinical features, diagnosis and prognosis of WNV meningoencephalitis, along with potential treatments.

show abstract

“…Several studies have evaluated the potential of JE vaccines to induce cross-reactive immune responses to WNV in vivo by using mice [20], hamsters [23] and monkeys [5] and in vitro by using human specimens [6,27]; cross-reactive immune responses have been indicated in most of the studies. Such immune responses have not been evaluated in horses, and this has been a major concern for the horse industry in Asian countries, especially in Japan, where racehorses have some economic importance.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibody Responses Induced by Experimental West Nile Virus Infection with or without Previous Immunization with Inactivated Japanese Encephalitis Vaccine in Horses

Shirafuji

Kanehira

Kamio

et al. 2009

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ABSTRACT. A group of horses immunized with inactivated Japanese encephalitis (JE) vaccine (JE-Immune Group) and a group of nonimmunized horses (Non-Immune Group) were infected with West Nile virus (WNV). After WNV infection, neutralizing (Nt) antibody (Ab) titers to WNV were higher than those to JE virus (JEV) in the Non-Immune Group, but the NtAb titers to JEV were higher than those to WNV during most of the post-challenge observation period in the JE-Immune Group. Immunoglobulin M (IgM) Abs to WNV tested positive in the Non-Immune Group but negative in the JE-Immune Group, except for in one horse. These results suggest that diagnosis of WNV infection in JE-immunized horses requires serological tests for NtAb and IgM titers to both WNV and JEV.KEY WORDS: antibody response, equine, Japanese encephalitis vaccine, serological tests, West Nile virus.

show abstract

Short report: absence of protective neutralizng antibodies to West Nile virus in subjects following vaccination with Japanese encephalitis or dengue vaccines.

Cited by 54 publications

References 10 publications

ChimeriVax-West Nile Virus Live-Attenuated Vaccine: Preclinical Evaluation of Safety, Immunogenicity, and Efficacy

ChimeriVax-West Nile Virus Live-Attenuated Vaccine: Preclinical Evaluation of Safety, Immunogenicity, and Efficacy

West Nile virus meningoencephalitis

Antibody Responses Induced by Experimental West Nile Virus Infection with or without Previous Immunization with Inactivated Japanese Encephalitis Vaccine in Horses

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About