Short Review on the Synthesis of Thiophene, Pyrazole, and Thiazole Derivatives

Abstract

The review summarizes the synthesis of different thiophene, pyrazole, and thiazole derivatives by refluxing 9a in ethanol with a catalytic amount of TEA or leaving it in DMF containing potassium carbonate at room temperature overnight to afford the corresponding thiophene derivative 10a. In addition, cyclization of Schiff bases with thioglycollic acid in the presence of a catalytic amount of ZnCl2 yielded novel thiophene derivatives. Condensation of 2‐substituted‐4‐methylythio semi‐carbazides 92 with carbonyl compounds under strong acidic conditions afforded 2‐thiazolines. Also, carboxylic acid reacted with 2‐thioethylamine in the presence of triphenylphosphine and triethylamine to afford 2‐thiazolines 98.

Chlorophenyl thiophene silicon phthalocyanine: Synthesis, two-photon bioimaging-guided lysosome target, and in vitro photodynamic efficacy

“…Bioactive molecules including benzothiophene derivatives have been widely used in agrochemical, medicinal agent, and chemical sensor applications ( Elkanzi, 2018 ; Agoni et al, 2020 ; Mishra et al, 2020 ). Moreover, some benzothiophene derivatives can label organelles to improve PDT efficacy.…”

Completion of Crystallographic Data for the Series of 4-Halogenated-1H-pyrazoles: Crystal Structure Determination of 4-Iodo-1H-pyrazole and Spectroscopic Comparison

“…The Crystals 2023, 13, 1101 2 of 12 nature (e.g., electronic and steric properties) and position of the substituents leads to the formation of various H-bonding motifs, such as dimers, trimers, tetramers, and catemers (Figure 2). Attempts were made to derive an empirical rule to predict H-bonding motifs of substituted pyrazoles [9][10][11], as understanding H-bonding is pertinent for drug design and pyrazoles serve as scaffolds for many biologically active compounds [12][13][14][15]. Thus far, it is agreed upon that the four common H-bonding motifs can be classified into two groups-dimers/tetramers and trimers/catemers.…”

Direct Construction of 1,4-Dihydropyridazines and Pyrazoles via Annulation of Alkyl 2-Aroyl-1-chlorocyclopropanecarboxylates

“…Heterocycles containing an N–N bond, such as 1,4-dihydropyridazines and pyrazoles, are abundant in natural products, synthetic therapeutics, and agrochemicals . They have also been noted for their valuable properties in material science .…”