Short rotation woody crops and forest biomass sawdust mixture pellet quality

Stachowicz, Paweł; Stolarski, M.

doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2023.116604

Cited by 16 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…of chlorine in the granules cannot exceed 0.02% [29]. The highest chlorine content was determined at hemp and lignin, with over 0.1% content (Figure 4).…”

Section: Chemical Composition Of the Pelletsmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…When pellets are burnt with high levels of sulfur and chlorine, these chemicals form acid compounds that settle on the walls and eventually break them down by forming corrosion [28]. According to ISO requirements, the amount of chlorine in the granules cannot exceed 0.02% [29]. The highest chlorine content was determined at hemp and lignin, with over 0.1% content (Figure 4).…”

Section: Chemical Composition Of the Pelletsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Co-pelletization of Hemp Residues and Agricultural Biomass: Effect on Pellet Quality and Stability

2023

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The rising interest in lowering the use of fossil fuels, which influence environmental pollution and global warming, is driving a substantial increase in renewable sources. Agricultural residues are the likely potential source for bioenergy generation. Some of them are already utilized for energy. Nonetheless, their potential is underutilized due to low biomass quality and high concentrations of sulfur and chloride, which induce the corrosion of adjoining equipment. However, their ash content and ash melting point make their utilization as renewable resources essential. Therefore, there is a need to find technologies to enhance biomass utilization for bioenergy processes. With the increase in hemp cultivation to extract phytocannabinoids, the amount of unused biomass has increased. The aim of this research was to investigate the use of hemp biomass for pellets and improve pellet quality by mixing them with lignin and oak sawdust. The results showed that the lowest amount of ash was found in pellets with 80% oak sawdust and 20% hemp residue compared with pellets made from mixtures of hemp residues, lignin, and oak sawdust. The highest calorific value was achieved by mixing hemp residues (20%) with lignin (80%).

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“…of chlorine in the granules cannot exceed 0.02% [29]. The highest chlorine content was determined at hemp and lignin, with over 0.1% content (Figure 4).…”

Section: Chemical Composition Of the Pelletsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Chemical Composition Of the Pelletsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Co-pelletization of Hemp Residues and Agricultural Biomass: Effect on Pellet Quality and Stability

2023

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“…Due to their low moisture content, seed extraction residues are better suited for energy generation than other types of forest biomass [8,10,11,43]. The moisture content of seed extraction residues is similar to that of processed solid biofuels, such as pellets and briquettes derived from forest waste biomass [7,[44][45][46].…”

Section: Thermophysical Properties Of Seed Extraction Residuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy Efficiency of Conifer Cones and Seed Extraction Residue Biomass

Kwiatkowski,

Sztejna

2024

Sustainability

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Sustainable forest management, which accounts for the multiple roles played by forests, includes seed collection from selected areas for forest renewal and regeneration. The process of harvesting conifer seeds generates considerable amounts of waste biomass that can be used as a source of energy to supplement the local solid fuel market. Therefore, their quality is an important consideration. The mass fraction of Scots pine seed extraction residues was determined in this study. The thermophysical properties and elemental composition of the residues and spent Norway spruce and European larch cones (after seed extraction) were evaluated. An analysis of Scots pine seed extraction residues revealed that only cones had practical application. They accounted for more than 99% of total residue biomass and were characterized by the lowest content of ash, sulfur, and chlorine. The calorific value of cones of the analyzed tree species ranged from 17.08 to 18.29 MJ kg−1, the chlorine content was 0.010–0.041% DM, and the sulfur content was 0.019–0.043% DM. Due to the specificity of the extraction process, the generated waste, including cones, had a very low moisture content of 6.86–10.02%, which significantly increased their value as solid fuel.

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“…Upgrading such unutilized waste biomasses, e.g., by water leaching [14][15][16][17][18][19] or low-temperature hydrothermal treatment (HTT) [20][21][22], requires expensive hardware and thermal energy. A promising approach is the mixing of low-quality biomass waste with conifer sawdust [23]. This reduces emission precursors like zinc, lead, chlorine, or potassium and, thereby, can reduce the emissions below the respective federal emission limits, e.g., in the BImSchV [24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Only few studies investigated the possibility for utilizing this waste stream for pellet [23,[25][26][27] or briquette [28] production. Kamperidou et al calculated the heating values and ash contents of sawdust mixtures based on the values for the unmixed feedstocks [26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Utilization of black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia) sawdust as an alternative pelletization raw material

Paczkowski,

Sauer,

Anetzberger

et al. 2023

Biomass Conv. Bioref.

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European pellet production will be a future challenge due to two effects: (1) the share of hardwood species in Europe will increase and (2) the pellet market will face raw material shortages. Therefore, we investigated the blending of conifer sawdust with black locust sawdust. Twenty-one physical and chemical pellet quality parameters were recorded, including combustion emissions. Our statistical evaluation showed a strong linear correlation (p>0.8 or p<−0.8) of the share of black locust with nine quality parameters. Fifty-three percent of the overall variation in the data was explained by the major principal component, which included the share of black locust. The cause of the decreasing pellet quality with increasing share of black locust sawdust was attributed to the heat conductance in the dye, which was affected by the hydrophobicity and rigidity of the black locust saw dust. A share of 25% black locust in blends with conifer sawdust is proposed as the limit to meet the A2 standard criteria in the European DIN EN ISO 17255-2. This would allow a black locust sawdust consumption of app. 6 mio t per year in Europe, which is far above the estimated abundance and indicates a high potential for hardwood sawdust as an alternative feedstock for pellet production in general.

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Short rotation woody crops and forest biomass sawdust mixture pellet quality

Cited by 16 publications

References 61 publications

Co-pelletization of Hemp Residues and Agricultural Biomass: Effect on Pellet Quality and Stability

Co-pelletization of Hemp Residues and Agricultural Biomass: Effect on Pellet Quality and Stability

Energy Efficiency of Conifer Cones and Seed Extraction Residue Biomass

Utilization of black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia) sawdust as an alternative pelletization raw material

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