Short-term effects of a Paleolithic lifestyle intervention in breast cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy: a pilot and feasibility study

Klement, Rainer J.; Koebrunner, Petra S.; Krage, Kelley; Weigel, M.; Sweeney, Reinhart A.

doi:10.1007/s12032-020-01443-0

Cited by 19 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…Our study represents the first exploration of the effects of the Paleolithic diet on gliomas, and we describe a significant linear dose-response relationship between them (p -nonlinearity = 0.1516). Similar results have at present only been reported for breast cancer [68]. Furthermore, there is some controversy about this dietary pattern.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Adherence to Healthy Dietary Patterns and Glioma: A Matched Case-Control Study

Zhang,

He,

Wang

et al. 2023

Nutrients

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Recent studies have revealed a putative relationship between diet and glioma development and prognosis, but few studies have examined the association between overall diet and glioma risk. This study, conducted in China, employed a hospital-based case-control approach. The researchers utilized an a priori method based on dietary data to evaluate compliance scores for five healthy dietary patterns (the Mediterranean diet, the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet, the Mediterranean-DASH diet Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) diet, the Paleolithic diet, and the Planetary Health Diet) in 1012 participants. At the same time, data-driven methods were used to explore the association between dietary patterns and glioma via principal component analysis (PCA). In the multivariate model, adhering to the Mediterranean diet (odds ratio (OR) = 0.29; 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 0.17–0.52), the DASH diet (OR = 0.09; 95% CI: 0.04–0.18), the MIND diet (OR = 0.25; 95% CI: 0.14–0.44), and the Paleolithic diet (OR = 0.13; 95% CI: 0.06–0.25) was associated with a reduced glioma risk. The results of PCA suggested that increasing the intake of plant-based foods and fish and limiting foods rich in carbohydrates, fats, and salts were associated with a reduced glioma risk. There was a substantial nonlinear dose–response association between glioma and the Mediterranean diet score. However, the DASH diet score, the MIND diet score, and the Paleolithic diet score exhibited linear dose–response relationships. Therefore, this study finds that dietary patterns may be an influencing factor for glioma risk.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Adherence to Healthy Dietary Patterns and Glioma: A Matched Case-Control Study

Zhang,

He,

Wang

et al. 2023

Nutrients

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“…LCD patients, who started from the worst ratio, achieved the most significant improvement. This indicates that a protein and fat enriched LCD could be a good choice for cancer patients wanting to improve their body composition without the need to be as strict as patients on the KD, which is in line with a recent pilot study investigating the effects of a low carbohydrate Paleolithic diet in breast cancer patients during radiotherapy [42]. Very recently, the weight loss benefits of a LCD were also shown in overweight men with prostate cancer [43].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Low Carb and Ketogenic Diets Increase Quality of Life, Physical Performance, Body Composition, and Metabolic Health of Women with Breast Cancer

Kämmerer

Klement

Joos³

et al. 2021

Nutrients

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Breast cancer (BC) patients often ask for a healthy diet. Here, we investigated a healthy standard diet (SD), a low carb diet (LCD), and a ketogenic diet (KD) for BC patients during the rehabilitation phase. KOLIBRI was an open-label non-randomized one-site nutritional intervention trial, combining inpatient and outpatient phases for 20 weeks. Female BC patients (n = 152; mean age 51.7 years) could select their diet. Data collected were: Quality of life (QoL), spiroergometry, body composition, and blood parameters. In total 30, 92, and 30 patients started the KD, LCD, and SD, respectively. Of those, 20, 76, and 25 completed the final examination. Patients rated all diets as feasible in daily life. All groups enhanced QoL, body composition, and physical performance. LCD participants showed the most impressive improvement in QoL aspects. KD participants finished with a very good physical performance and muscle/fat ratio. Despite increased cholesterol levels, KD patients had the best triglyceride/high-density lipoprotein (HDL) ratio and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR). Most metabolic parameters significantly improved in the LCD group. SD participants ended with remarkably low cholesterol levels but did not improve triglyceride/HDL or HOMA-IR. In conclusion, both well-defined KDs and LCDs are safe and beneficial for BC patients and can be recommended during the rehabilitation phase.

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“…To simplify, however, in the present review we will use the term "BC patients" to define patients during the whole trajectory of the disease [44]. The studies had been carried out in Brazil [30][31][32][33][34][35], Italy [36,37], Poland [38,39], Portugal [18,40], Germany [41], Mexico [42], Turkey [43], and USA [14] between 2008-2021, involving 877 (min 9 [42] and max 259 [14]) patients after diagnosis of BC and survivors [18,33,[35][36][37]40], as defined by the authors themselves. To simplify, however, in the present review we will use the term "BC patients" to define patients during the whole trajectory of the disease [44].…”

Section: Selected Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioelectrical Phase Angle in Patients with Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review

Morlino

Cioffi

Marra

et al. 2022

Cancers

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Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer diagnosed among women worldwide. Phase angle (PhA), a proxy measure of membrane integrity and function, has gained relevance in clinical practice and it has been suggested to be a prognostic and nutritional indicator. This systematic review aimed to explore PhA and its relationship with nutritional status and survival in BC patients. Four databases (PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and CINAHL) were systematically searched until September 2021 for studies evaluating PhA in BC patients. A total of 16 studies met the inclusion criteria, where 11 were observational studies and 5 were interventional studies. Baseline PhA-value varied from 4.9 to 6.30 degrees, showing a great variability and heterogeneity across the selected studies. Available data suggested that PhA decreased by 5–15% after completing chemotherapy, and those effects might persist in the long term. However, the use of tailored nutritional and/or exercise programs during and after therapy could prevent PhA reduction and body derangement. High PhA values were found in women displaying a better nutritional status, while inconsistent data were found on survival. Therefore, further studies are needed to focus on the clinical relevance of PhA in BC patients, evaluating its association with disease outcomes and survival.

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Short-term effects of a Paleolithic lifestyle intervention in breast cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy: a pilot and feasibility study

Cited by 19 publications

References 63 publications

Adherence to Healthy Dietary Patterns and Glioma: A Matched Case-Control Study

Adherence to Healthy Dietary Patterns and Glioma: A Matched Case-Control Study

Low Carb and Ketogenic Diets Increase Quality of Life, Physical Performance, Body Composition, and Metabolic Health of Women with Breast Cancer

Bioelectrical Phase Angle in Patients with Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review

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