Short-Term Effects of Smoked Marihuana on Left Ventricular Function in Man

Tashkin, Donald P.; Levisman, Jorge A.; Abbasi, Abdul S.; Shapiro, Bertrand J.; Ellis, Nancy

doi:10.1378/chest.72.1.20

Cited by 31 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…THC can induce tachycardia [138] and increase cardiac output with increased cardiac labor and oxygen demand [153]. It can also produce peripheral vasodilation, orthostatic hypotension [125,154] and reduced platelet aggregation [155].…”

Section: Circulatory Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cannabinoids

Grotenhermen

2005

CDTCNSND

112

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Since the discovery of an endogenous cannabinoid system, research into the pharmacology and therapeutic potential of cannabinoids has steadily increased. Two subtypes of G-protein coupled cannabinoid receptors, CB(1) and CB(1), have been cloned and several putative endogenous ligands (endocannabinoids) have been detected during the past 15 years. The main endocannabinoids are arachidonoyl ethanolamide (anandamide) and 2-arachidonoyl glycerol (2-AG), derivatives of arachidonic acid, that are produced "on demand" by cleavage of membrane lipid precursors. Besides phytocannabinoids of the cannabis plant, modulators of the cannabinoid system comprise synthetic agonists and antagonists at the CB receptors and inhibitors of endocannabinoid degradation. Cannabinoid receptors are distributed in the central nervous system and many peripheral tissues, including immune system, reproductive and gastrointestinal tracts, sympathetic ganglia, endocrine glands, arteries, lung and heart. There is evidence for some non-receptor dependent mechanisms of cannabinoids and for endocannabinoid effects mediated by vanilloid receptors. Properties of CB receptor agonists that are of therapeutic interest include analgesia, muscle relaxation, immunosuppression, anti-inflammation, antiallergic effects, improvement of mood, stimulation of appetite, antiemesis, lowering of intraocular pressure, bronchodilation, neuroprotection and antineoplastic effects. The current main focus of clinical research is their efficacy in chronic pain and neurological disorders. CB receptor antagonists are under investigation for medical use in obesity and nicotine addiction. Additional potential was proposed for the treatment of alcohol and heroine dependency, schizophrenia, conditions with lowered blood pressure, Parkinson's disease and memory impairment in Alzheimer's disease.

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Section: Circulatory Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cannabinoids

Grotenhermen

2005

CDTCNSND

112

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“…19 The consequent increases in myocardial oxygen demand, along with the decrease in oxygen supply because of increased carboxyhemoglobin, have been felt to be responsible for precipitating myocardial infarctions in patients with coronary artery disease. 20 Cannabis use has also been causally linked to paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, 21 acute cardiovascular fatalities, 22 and renal infarction 23 in young patients with no history of cardiac or vascular disease.…”

Section: Cannabis and Strokementioning

confidence: 99%

Cannabis Use and Cerebrovascular Disease

Moussouttas

2004

The Neurologist

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Cannabis use seems to have been causally related to several instances of cerebral ischemia and infarction. Proposed etiologic mechanisms have included cerebral vasospasm, cardioembolization, and systemic hypotension with impaired cerebral autoregulation, but most of the available data points to a vasospastic process. The exact relation of cannabis to cerebrovascular disease remains to be determined.

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“…230 In contrast, following the smoking of one to three marijuana cigarettes, the heart rate rose, cardiac output rose, stroke volume, ejection fraction, PEP and LVET did not change; thus, in long-term heavy users of cannabis, marijuana has no significant effect on myocardial contractility independent of its effect on heart rate. 231 Cardiovascular effects of acute THC administration included increased sympathetic and reduced parasympathetic tone; supine tachycardia and increased blood pressure with upright hypotension were observed. With repetitive dosing supine bradycardia and decreased blood pressure with tolerance to orthostatic hypotension were observed.…”

Section: Asthma Cardiovascular Disorders Glaucomamentioning

confidence: 99%

Cannabinoids in Health and Disease

2016

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annabis sativa L. preparations, such as marijuana, hashish, and dagga, have been used in medicine for millenia.1 Investigations into the chemistry of Cannabis began in the mid-19th century, following a major trend in chemical research at the time, which centered on the quest for active natural products. Numerous alkaloids were isolated in pure form from various plants, and many of them were fully or partially characterized. Morphine, cocaine, strychnine, and many others were purified and used in medicine. However, most of the terpenoids-a major class of secondary plant metabolites, to which the plant cannabinoids also belong-were not isolated until the end of the century or even much later, and in many cases their purity was doubtful. 413C l i n i c a l r e s e a r c h

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Short-Term Effects of Smoked Marihuana on Left Ventricular Function in Man

Cited by 31 publications

References 23 publications

Cannabinoids

Cannabinoids

Cannabis Use and Cerebrovascular Disease

Cannabinoids in Health and Disease

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