Short-term electrical stimulation: home treatment for urinary incontinence

Plevnik, Stanislav; Janež, Janez; Vrtačnik, Peter; Tršinar, Bojan; Vodušek, David B.

doi:10.1007/bf00326737

Cited by 76 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…However, Rottembourg et al [55] reported that 10-50 Hz is equal with regard to sphincter contraction. In many reports frequencies of 20-50 Hz, with a pulse duration of 1-5 ms, are considered to be effective for urethral closure [10,16,59,62,63,[64][65].…”

Section: Optimal Stimulation Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…The frequency and duration of stimulation vary, according to investigators, from twice daily to once weekly, for 15-30 minutes each, for a month, 6 weeks or 3-5 months [4,[6][7][8][9]40,55,[59][60][61]. Although the majority of studies use daily exercise programs [6,7,61], evidence from other reports suggests an optimal frequency of three to five sessions a week for muscle strengthening [60].…”

Section: Short-term Stimulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Short-term treatment emerged from the concept of relying on the carryover effect, that is, the desired therapeutic effects outlast the actual stimulation, to make the external stimulation techniques more effective [2,[55][56][57]. For short-term electrical stimulation external devices such as anal and vaginal electrodes are usually used.…”

Section: Short-term Stimulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The strength of stimulation should be submaximal, determined by the patient's level of pain tolerance [6,7,55,56].…”

Section: Short-term Stimulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electrical stimulation for stress incontinence

Yamanishi

Yasuda

1998

Int Urogynecol J

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Electrical stimulation has been reported to be effective for stress incontinence, cure and improvement rates being reported to range from 30% to 50%, and from 6% to 90%, respectively. However, clinical application of this treatment is not common because there is little physiological and technical information. Electrodes for electrical stimulation are divided into two types: external (non-implantable) and internal (implantable), and there are two methods of stimulation: chronic (long-term, continuous) and short-term. Frequencies of 20-50 Hz, with a pulse duration of 1-5 ms, have been reported to be effective for urethral closure. The effectiveness of the treatment should be verified with placebo-controlled double-blinded trials, and four such studies using an active and a sham device have been reported. Two of these verified the superiority of the active device over the sham device, but the others did not demonstrate any significant difference between the two with regard to efficacy. Electrical stimulation has been reported to result in a long-term continuation of therapeutic effect. The effect has been explained as a re-education or a reactivation of lost functions of the pelvic floor muscles. As to adverse effects, there may be some complications in relation to anesthesia or surgical procedures, such as infection, pain and bleeding with implantable electrodes. The incidence of adverse effects in short-term electrical stimulation is less than 14%. In conclusion, short-term electrical stimulation using non-implantable anal or vaginal electrodes is the most recommendable because of safety and ease of use.

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Section: Optimal Stimulation Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Short-term Stimulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Short-term Stimulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The strength of stimulation should be submaximal, determined by the patient's level of pain tolerance [6,7,55,56].…”

Section: Short-term Stimulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Electrical stimulation for stress incontinence

Yamanishi

Yasuda

1998

Int Urogynecol J

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show abstract

“…These include drug therapy (oxybutinin) [Wein, 19911, special bladder training [Frewen, 19801, biofeedback therapy [Cardozo et al, 1978;Millard and Oldenburg, 19831, transvesical phenol injection [Cameron-Strange and Millard, 19881, bladder distension [Hamed et al, 19891, and acupuncture [Philip et al, 19881. Electrical stimulation (ES) of the lower urinary tract has been recognised as an effective method for treating unstable bladder [Plevnik and Janei, 1979;TrSinar et al, 1986;Fossberg, 19881. One of the available ES modalities, maximal electrical stimulation (MES), is a non implantable short-term stimulation of the pelvic floor and has been used at the Department of Urology, University Medical Centre, Ljubljana, for 20 years.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%