Short Term Exposure to a Violent Video Game Induces Changes in Frontolimbic Circuitry in Adolescents

Wang, Yan; Mathews, Vincent P.; Kalnin, Andrew; Mosier, Kristine M.; Dunn, David W.; Saykin, Andrew J.; Kronenberger, William G.

doi:10.1007/s11682-008-9058-8

Cited by 62 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 54 publications

(89 reference statements)

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“…Task-related functional connectivity was assessed using an updated version of previously published psychophysiological interaction (PPI) analysis methods (53). This approach evaluates how regional network activation covaries in relation to a target region of interest (ROI) during the episodic memory task (54–56).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cholinergic Enhancement of Brain Activation in Mild Cognitive Impairment during Episodic Memory Encoding

Risacher¹,

Wang²,

Wishart³

et al. 2013

Front. Psychiatry

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Objective: To determine the physiological impact of treatment with donepezil (Aricept) on neural circuitry supporting episodic memory encoding in patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (MCI) using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI).Methods: Eighteen patients with MCI and 20 age-matched healthy controls (HC) were scanned twice while performing an event-related verbal episodic encoding task. MCI participants were scanned before treatment and after approximately 3 months on donepezil; HC were untreated but rescanned at the same interval. Voxel-level analyses assessed treatment effects on activation profiles in MCI patients relative to retest changes in non-treated HC. Changes in task-related connectivity in medial temporal circuitry were also evaluated, as were associations between brain activation, task-related functional connectivity, task performance, and clinical measures of cognition.Results: At baseline, the MCI group showed reduced activation during encoding relative to HC in the right medial temporal lobe (MTL; hippocampal/parahippocampal) and additional regions, as well as attenuated task-related deactivation, relative to rest, in a medial parietal lobe cluster. After treatment, the MCI group showed normalized MTL activation and improved parietal deactivation. These changes were associated with cognitive performance. After treatment, the MCI group also demonstrated increased task-related functional connectivity from the right MTL cluster seed region to a network of other sites including the basal nucleus/caudate and bilateral frontal lobes. Increased functional connectivity was associated with improved task performance.Conclusion: Pharmacologic enhancement of cholinergic function in amnestic MCI is associated with changes in brain activation and functional connectivity during episodic memory processing which are in turn related to increased cognitive performance. fMRI is a promising biomarker for assessing treatment related changes in brain function.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cholinergic Enhancement of Brain Activation in Mild Cognitive Impairment during Episodic Memory Encoding

Risacher¹,

Wang²,

Wishart³

et al. 2013

Front. Psychiatry

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“…Carnagey et al, 2007;Staude-Müller et al, 2008;Wang et al, 2009). Furthermore, in one quasiexperimental study, chronic exposure to VVGs was associated with a flattened neurocognitive response to violent stimuli (Bartholow et al, 2006), as might be expected if VVG exposure causes desensitization to violent content.…”

Section: Arousal Ratingsmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…Additional support for the idea that VVG exposure leads to alterations in affective and cognitive domains was recently provided by Wang et al (2009). Participants played either a violent or a nonviolent video game for 30 minutes and then underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) while they performed an executive-control task (Counting Stroop or Emotional Stroop).…”

Section: Short-term Effects: Experimental Vvg Exposurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rather than provide participants with short-term VVG exposure in the laboratory, as was done in several studies (e.g. Bushman & Anderson, 2009;Carnagey et al, 2007;Staude-Müller et al, 2008;Wang et al, 2009), we opted to study individual differences in VVG experience. Although laboratory-based VVG exposure offers greater experimental control, this advantage is counterweighed by low external validity.…”

Section: The Current Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chronic exposure to violent video games is not associated with alterations of emotional memory

Bowen

Spaniol

2011

Applied Cognitive Psychology

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Although acute effects of violent video game (VVG) exposure on affect and behaviour have been studied extensively, less is known about VVG effects on cognition. The present study examined whether chronic exposure to VVGs was associated with alterations in emotional long-term memory. Participants completed an old-new recognition task with 300 pictures of scenes ranging in emotion (negative, neutral and positive). We analysed accuracy and reaction time data using diffusion modelling to test a desensitization hypothesis. According to this hypothesis, VVG players would show reduced memory or a less liberal response bias for negative stimuli, compared with nonplayers. Contrary to the desensitization hypothesis, VVG exposure was not associated with differences in memory or response bias. This result suggests that, unlike other cognitive domains, long-term memory may be robust to deleterious influences of chronic VVG exposure.

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“…Violent scenes in the video games revealed significant modulations of BOLD response in frontal brain regions when comparing participants who played violent video games and those who did not (Hummer et al, 2010;Mathiak and Weber, 2006;Wang et al, 2009). Video games of different genre that require diverse cognitive resources lead to differences in the BOLD response (Saito, Mukawa and Saito, 2007).…”

Section: Fmrimentioning

confidence: 96%

Neurophysiological methods for monitoring brain activity in serious games and virtual environments: a review

Ninaus

Kober

Friedrich

et al. 2014

IJTEL

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she works as Research Assistant at the Department of Psychology (Section Neuropsychology) at the University of Graz and is involved in national and international scientific projects. Her research topics are EEG/NIRS-based brain-computer communication and neurofeedback, interacting in virtual realities, virtual reality as rehabilitation tool and spatial cognition.Elisabeth V.C. Friedrich: Dr., Postdoctoral researcher Department of Psychology, Section Neuropsychology University of Graz Universitätsplatz 2/III 8010 Graz Austria elisabeth.friedrich@uni-graz.at Elisabeth V.C. Friedrich studied Psychology at the University of Graz, Austria, and conducted her master thesis at the Laboratory of Neural Injury and Repair, Wadsworth Center, Albany, NY. She has received her doctorate in natural science in 2012 at the University of Graz, Austria. Her main research interest is brain-computer interface (BCI). She explored different mental tasks to control an EEGbased BCI, the impact of distraction on user performance as well as improvements of BCI usability for severely motor impaired individuals. She is currently involved in the EU GALA Network of Excellence (www.galanoe.eu). Milos Kravcik has a diploma degree in computer science and a doctoral degree in applied informatics from the Comenius University in Slovakia. He has been dealing with Technology Enhanced Learning (TEL) since 1988 in various national and international projects, later also at the Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Information Technology in Germany and at the Open University in the Netherlands. Since 2010 he works as a Research Fellow at the RWTH Aachen University and his main research interests include personalized learning environments and self-regulated learning. He co-organized several TEL doctoral schools and serves also as executive peer-reviewer or editorial board member for several journals related to learning technologies. As both an academic and researcher with considerable industrial experience, he has been instrumental in the research, analysis and development of virtual engineering environments in a variety of product engineering domains and now focuses his work on the acquisition of engineering knowledge information management systems within all aspect of product engineering; with a particular emphasis on conceptual design. He has also implemented game-based learning methods in design and manufacturing taught courses. With over 40 international publications, a book and the successful commercialisation of his novel feature recognition algorithms, he is now applying his knowledge and expertise to the domain of serious games, game ware and computational biometrics for next generation engineering applications. AbstractThe use of serious games and virtual environments for learning is increasing worldwide. These technologies have the potential to collect live data from users through game-play and can be combined with neuroscientific methods such as EEG, fNIRS and fMRI. The several learning processes triggered by serious games are associated with spec...

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Short Term Exposure to a Violent Video Game Induces Changes in Frontolimbic Circuitry in Adolescents

Cited by 62 publications

References 54 publications

Cholinergic Enhancement of Brain Activation in Mild Cognitive Impairment during Episodic Memory Encoding

Cholinergic Enhancement of Brain Activation in Mild Cognitive Impairment during Episodic Memory Encoding

Chronic exposure to violent video games is not associated with alterations of emotional memory

Neurophysiological methods for monitoring brain activity in serious games and virtual environments: a review

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