Short-term exposure to high-water temperature causes a shift in the microbiome of the common aquarium sponge<i>Lendenfeldia chondrodes</i>

Vargas, Sergio; Leiva, Laura; Wörheide, Gert

doi:10.1101/2020.01.10.901363

Cited by 4 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…2). In contrast, the abundance of other OTUs in L. chondrodes ’ core microbiome ( sensu Vargas et al 2021) barely differed between foliose and thread-like sponges, with only an acidobacterium (OTU_3) and a proteobacterium (OTU_5) increasing their abundance (LFC = 1.95 and 0.69, respectively; t 17.08 = 3.18, Bonferroni corrected p-value = 0.049 and t 29.81 = 3.82, Bonferroni corrected p-value = 0.006, Fig. 3 and Suppl.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…control condition) on the composition of the sponge microbiome. In addition, for the nine most abundant core OTUs (Vargas, Leiva, & Wörheide, 2021) we tested for significant changes in OUT frequency in control vs . shaded sponges using Hotelling’s T-Square test.…”

Section: Methods and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We used an NMDS with the Bray-Curtis distance to visualize the similarity of the samples' bacterial communities and an ANOSIM to test the hypothesis of no effect of the experimental treatments (i.e., direct shading vs. scattered light, and shading + scattered light vs. control condition) on the composition of the sponge microbiome. In addition, for the nine most abundant core OTUs (Vargas, Leiva, & Wörheide, 2021) we tested for significant changes in OUT frequency in control vs. shaded sponges using Hotelling's T-Square test. This test was followed by individual, Bonferroni-corrected ttests to identify individual OTUs significantly changing its relative abundance between treatments.…”

Section: S V4 Amplicon Sequencing and Evaluation Of Community Composi...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Body-plan reorganization in a sponge correlates with microbiome change

Vargas¹,

Leiva²,

Eitel³

et al. 2022

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Mounting evidence suggests that animals and their associated bacteria interact via intricate molecular mechanisms, and it is hypothesized that disturbances to the microbiome can influence animal development. Sponges diverged from other animals more than 750 MYA and represent one of the earliest branching animal phyla that exhibit symbiotic relationships with diverse bacteria. Over 41 microbial phyla have been found in association with sponges, forming a holobiont that is integral to aquatic ecosystems worldwide. Sponge-associated microbes contain an enriched set of proteins bearing eukaryotic-like domains, and their metabolism supports the host with nutrients. This indicates strong physiological interconnections in the holobiont, which are thought to be modulated by sponge immunity and pattern-recognition proteins. Despite the hypothesized tight physiological integration and ancient origin of the sponge holobiont, the effect of changes in the symbiotic community on the sponge metabolism and morphogenesis remains poorly understood. Here, we show that the loss of a key microbial sponge symbiont correlates with a stark body plan reorganization of the sponge host. This reorganization is coupled with broad transcriptomic changes and includes the modulation of signaling pathways known to be involved in morphogenesis and innate immune response in sponges and other animals. This study provides a combined genetic, physiological, and morphological assessment of the effect of changes in the microbiome on sponge post-embryonic development and homeostasis. The drastic microbiome reorganization and the correlated response observed in the sponge host provide evidence for a coupling between sponge transcriptomic state and the state of its microbiome. Our results suggest that sponges use molecular mechanisms to respond to changes in their microbiome and that the ability to sense and respond to microbiome perturbations has deep evolutionary origins among animals.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Methods and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: S V4 Amplicon Sequencing and Evaluation Of Community Composi...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Body-plan reorganization in a sponge correlates with microbiome change

Vargas¹,

Leiva²,

Eitel³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…We selected Actinobacteria because specific primers previously tested in sponges are readily available, and we expected this taxon to be insensitive to the shading treatment in contrast to the photosynthetic Cyanobacterium. Besides, OTUs belonging to these bacterial phyla occur in L. chondrodes (Vargas, Leiva, & Wörheide, 2021). For this, we extracted DNA from three control and three bleached L. chondrodes explants using the NucleoSpin® Tissue kit (Macherey-Nagel).…”

Section: Qpcr-based Abundance Estimation Of Cyanobacteria and Actinob...mentioning

confidence: 99%

rRNA depletion for holobiont metatranscriptome profiling across demosponges

Vargas

Rivera‐Vicéns

Eitel

et al. 2022

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The pervasive association of demosponges with diverse bacterial communities has been a research topic since the late 1970s. Studies characterizing these bacterial communities have detected over 40 bacterial phyla associated with sponges and determined that sponge microbiomes differ from the bacterioplankton of the surrounding water and include sponges-specific bacterial associates. Despite the large body of information available on the diversity of the sponge microbiome, the molecular mechanisms used by sponges to interact with their bacterial symbionts and vice versa remain poorly understood. Yet, studying how sponges interact with their microbiomes is pivotal to understanding how these systems react to environmental changes and when these changes lead to a disruption of sponge-microbe associations. An important factor hampering the characterization of the sponge-microbiome molecular cross-talk mechanisms is the lack of broadly applicable molecular methods to, for instance, efficiently sequence meta-transcriptomes across a broad range of sponge species. To overcome this limitation, we implemented a hybrid-capture strategy capable of depleting both sponge and bacterial rRNA from total RNA extracts of highly divergent demosponges with microbiomes of different complexity. Our pan-demosponge rRNA depletion strategy allows for the efficient characterization of the metatranscriptome of diverse demosponge holobionts and the simultaneous quantification of gene expression in both the host and its microbiome.

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“…There are, however, fewer studies characterizing holobiont‐associated microbial dynamics in response to elevated temperatures. To date, studies have shown that temperature influences microbial composition in corals (Wang et al, 2018; Ziegler et al, 2017), sponges (Erwin et al, 2012; Vargas et al, 2020), oysters (Lokmer & Wegner, 2015), anemones (Mortzfeld et al, 2016), and mussels (Li et al, 2019), among others (Brothers et al, 2018). These studies typically focus on a single time‐point across a geographic range or temporal variability at a single site (Li et al, 2018; Ward et al, 2017; Woo et al, 2017); rarely are these approaches combined.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%