2018
DOI: 10.3390/nu10091250
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Short-Term Fish Oil Treatment Changes the Composition of Phospholipids While Not Affecting the Expression of Mfsd2a Omega-3 Transporter in the Brain and Liver of the 5xFAD Mouse Model of Alzheimer’s Disease

Abstract: Long-term fish oil (FO) supplementation is able to improve Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathology. We aimed to determine the impact of short-term fish oil (FO) intake on phospholipids composition and plaque pathology in 5xFAD mice, a widely used animal model of AD. A 3-week-long FO supplementation administered at 3 months of age decreased the number of dense core plaques in the 5xFAD cortex and changed phospholipids in the livers and brains of wild-type (Wt) and 5xFAD mice. Livers of both genotypes responded by in… Show more

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Cited by 18 publications
(16 citation statements)
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“…In brief, in previous studies we have shown that 18α-GA is a potent proteasome activator that, moreover, confers lower paralysis rates in various AD nematode models, accompanied by decreased Aβ deposits [ 41 , 58 ]. Likewise, we have also demonstrated that short term fish-oil supplementation attenuates the AD pathology in 5xFAD mice brains when applied early [ 44 , 45 ]. As such, we treated 5xFAD mice with the compound combination (18α-GA + n-3FA) and performed an array of behavioral and molecular analyses during disease’s progression.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…In brief, in previous studies we have shown that 18α-GA is a potent proteasome activator that, moreover, confers lower paralysis rates in various AD nematode models, accompanied by decreased Aβ deposits [ 41 , 58 ]. Likewise, we have also demonstrated that short term fish-oil supplementation attenuates the AD pathology in 5xFAD mice brains when applied early [ 44 , 45 ]. As such, we treated 5xFAD mice with the compound combination (18α-GA + n-3FA) and performed an array of behavioral and molecular analyses during disease’s progression.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Still, this concentration is significantly lower than the one of a stereoisomer (18β-GA) used in another study [ 43 ], and therefore excludes any harmful side effects during our long term treatment. Omega-3 fatty acids were given orally in a dosage (100 μl/per animal of the fish oil encapsulated, commercially available; fatty acid composition was given in the Supplementary Table 1 ) previously established as effective in 5xFAD mice memory [ 44 , 45 ]. In order to avoid degradation of DHA, one capsule containing 1 mL of fish oil was used for each 3–4 animals and was administered via oral gavage in no longer than 45 s. Treatment was given every day for the short treatment and every second day for the long one.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Autophagy mediated by AMPK/mTORC1 pathway is also induced by statin treatment (Zhang et al, ), which was also shown to reduce the levels of tau phosphorylation as well as Aβ burden and neurotoxicity in several in vitro and in vivo models; and to prevent oxidative stress and cognitive impairments in AD mice model (Li, Lin, & Huang, ). Omega‐3 fatty acids, which were shown to induce autophagy by inhibiting the Akt/mTORC1 signaling and by disrupting beclin 1‐Bcl‐2 binding (Levine, Packer, & Codogno, ), also found to be beneficial in various preclinical models of AD, although the results are not entirely consistent between studies (Calon, ; Lim et al, ; Milanovic et al, ). Another less studied inducer of autophagy is spermidine, whose levels decline with aging, and a possible connection between reduced endogenous spermidine levels and age‐related degeneration has been suggested (Madeo, Bauer, Carmona‐Gutierrez, & Kroemer, ).…”
Section: Autophagy Inducers As a Therapeutic Approach In Ad: An Overvmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Numerous clinical trials on patients with established AD revealed that EPA and DHA supplementation did not slow the rate of cognitive decline compared to the placebo [28]. In mouse AD models oral intake of PUFAs and fish oil (FO), a rich source of essential PUFAs—DHA and EPA has been associated with the decreased amyloid deposition in the early stages of AD and a reduced risk of AD if applied before the onset of AD pathology [2932]. However, the effect of FO supplementation on neuritic pathology in the early phase of the disease has not been addressed so far.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%