Background
Complex regional pain syndrome (
CRPS
) is much more prevalent in women than men but potential differences in clinical phenotype have not been thoroughly explored to date. Differences in the clinical presentation between sexes may point at new avenues for a more tailored management approach of
CRPS
. We therefore explored if in
CRPS
, the patient's sex is associated with differences in clinical and psychological characteristics.
Methods
In this cross‐sectional study of 698
CRPS
patients (599 females) fulfilling the Budapest clinical or research criteria,
CRPS
signs and symptoms,
CRPS
severity, pain (average pain intensity in the previous week and McGill pain rating index), pain coping (Pain Coping Inventory), physical limitations (Radboud Skills Questionnaire (upper limb), Walking and Rising questionnaire (lower limb)), anxiety and depression (Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale) and kinesiophobia (Tampa scale for kinesiophobia) were evaluated.
Results
Male
CRPS
patients used more often extreme words to describe the affective qualities of pain, used more passive pain coping strategies, and were more likely to suffer from depression and kinesiophobia.
Conclusion
Sex‐related differences are present in
CRPS
, but the effect is generally small and mainly concerns psychological functioning. A greater awareness of sex‐specific factors in the management of
CRPS
may contribute to achieving better outcomes.
Significance
What is known? Nonsex‐specific clinical data of
CRPS
patients. What is new? Male
CRPS
patients used more often extreme words to describe the affective qualities of pain, used more passive pain coping strategies, and were more likely to suffer from depression and kinesiophobia.