Short-term geomorphological evolution of proglacial systems

Carrivick, Jonathan L.; Heckmann, Tobias

doi:10.1016/j.geomorph.2017.01.037

Cited by 115 publications

(117 citation statements)

References 272 publications

(273 reference statements)

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“…A fuller picture of cold and proglacial environments is provided by Orwin et al (2010) and Carrivick and Heckmann (2017). A fuller picture of cold and proglacial environments is provided by Orwin et al (2010) and Carrivick and Heckmann (2017).…”

Section: Suspended Sediment Fluxes In An Alpine Glaciated Catchmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The overall behaviour of a proglacial area thus incorporates different dynamics, from the event to the year scale, although our understanding of such sensitive environments is greatly limited by the lack of high-resolution and long-term datasets (Orwin et al, 2010). In addition, the recent thorough review by Carrivick and Heckmann (2017) asserts the need to quantify landscape evolution in proglacial areas as well as their geomorphological characteristics. Here, our general intent is to develop methodological and conceptual tools to use hydro-sedimentary data acquired at a high time resolution (2 min) within the catchment of an Alpine glacier (Bossons glacier, Mont Blanc massif).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Proglacial sediment dynamics from daily to seasonal scales in a glaciated Alpine catchment (Bossons glacier, Mont Blanc massif, France)

Guillon

Mugnier

Buoncristiani

2018

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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The sediment yields of Alpine catchments are commonly determined from streamload measurements made some distance downstream from glaciers. However, this approach indiscriminately integrates erosion processes occurring in both the glacial and proglacial areas. A specific method is required to ascertain the respective inputs from (i) subglacial and supraglacial sediments, (ii) proglacial hillslopes and (iii) proglacial alluvial areas or sandurs. This issue is addressed here by combining high‐resolution monitoring (2 min) of suspended sediment concentrations at different locations within a catchment with discharge gauging and precipitation data. This methodological framework is applied to two proglacial streams draining the Bossons glacier (Mont Blanc massif, France): the Bossons and Crosette streams. For the Bossons stream, discharge and suspended load data were acquired from June to October 2013 at 1.15 and 1.5 km from the glacial terminus, respectively upstream and downstream from a small valley sandur. These hydro‐sedimentary data are compared with the Crosette stream dataset acquired at the outlet of the Bossons glacier subglacial drainage system. A fourfold analysis focusing on seasonal changes in streamload and discharge, multilinear regression modelling, evaluation of the sandur flux balance and probabilistic uncertainty assessment is used to determine the catchment sediment budget and to explain the proglacial sediment dynamics. The seasonal fluctuation of the sediment signal observed is related to the gradual closing of the subglacial drainage network and to the role of the proglacial area in the sediment cascade: the proglacial hillslopes appear to be disconnected from the main channel and the valley sandur acts as a hydrodynamic sediment buffer both daily and seasonally. Our findings show that an understanding of proglacial sediment dynamics can help in evaluating paraglacial adjustment and subglacial erosion processes. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Section: Suspended Sediment Fluxes In An Alpine Glaciated Catchmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proglacial sediment dynamics from daily to seasonal scales in a glaciated Alpine catchment (Bossons glacier, Mont Blanc massif, France)

Guillon

Mugnier

Buoncristiani

2018

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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“…Although extrapolation of this trend into the future is flawed due to the few data points, it could be that a threshold amount of discharge has acted upon the proglacial area, and the proglacial area is beginning to stabilize and sediment availability is diminishing (e.g. Ballantyne, 2002b;Lane et al, 2016;Carrivick and Heckmann, 2017). Use of a sediment transport model, described above, can be used to link catchment hydrology with sediment dynamics via the process of bedload transport (e.g.…”

Section: Yearmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite differences in time frame, these examples show that stabilization can begin on timescales of less than 15 years from deglaciation, and following responses, although relevant (e.g. Curry et al, 2006), are of reduced importance (Ballantyne, 2002b;Lane et al, 2016;Carrivick and Heckmann, 2017).…”

Section: Yearmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proglacial erosion rates and processes in a glacierized catchment in the Swiss Alps

Delaney

Bauder

Huss

et al. 2017

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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In the Swiss Alps, climatic changes have not only caused glacier retreat, but also likely increased sedimentation downstream of glaciers. This material either originates from below the glacier or from periglacial environments, which are exposed as glaciers retreat, and often consist of easily erodible sediment. Griesgletscher's catchment in the Swiss Alps was examined to quantify erosion in the proglacial area, possible hydrological drivers and contributions of the sub-and periglacial sources. Digital elevation models, created from annual aerial photographs, were subtracted to determine annual volume changes in the proglacial area from 1986 to 2014. These data show a strong increase in proglacial erosion in the decade prior to 2012, coincident with increasing proglacial area size. However, examination of the gradient between discharge and sediment evacuation, and modeled sediment transport, could suggest that the proglacial area began to stabilize and sediment supply is limited. The large influx of sediment into the proglacial reservoir, which is roughly 2.5 times greater than the amount of sediment eroded from the proglacial area, demonstrates the importance of subglacial erosion to the catchment's sediment budget. Although far more sediment originates subglacially, erosion rates in the proglacial area are over 50 times greater than the rest of the catchment. In turn, both sub-and periglacial processes, in addition to constraining sediment supply, must be considered for assessing future sediment dynamics as glacier area shrinks and proglacial areas grow.

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“…This results in changes in the rate of sediment transport, which can be locally accompanied by both lateral migration and/or deepening of the channel [12][13][14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Meteorological Patterns on the Intensity of Streambank Erosion in a Proglacial Gravel-Bed River (Spitsbergen)

Kociuba

Janicki

2018

Water

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Lower parts of proglacial rivers are commonly assumed to be characterised by a multiannual aggradation trend, and streambank erosion is considered to occur rarely and locally. In the years 2009-2013, detailed measurements of channel processes were performed in the Scott River (SW Spitsbergen). More than 60% of its surface area (10 km 2 ) occupies non-glaciated valleys. Since the end of the Little Ice Age, the Scott Glacier has been subject to intensive retreat, resulting in the expansion of the terminoglacial and paraglacial zones. In this area, the Scott River develops an alluvial valley with a proglacial river, which has led to a comparatively low rate of fluvial transport, dominance of suspension over bedload, and the occurrence of various channel patterns. Measurements, performed in the lower course of the valley in two fixed cross-sections of the Scott River channel, document variable annual tendencies with a prevalence of scour over deposition processes in the channel bottom. The balance of scour and fill also differs in particular measurement cross-sections and during the summer season. The maximum erosion indices (1.7 m 2 ) were related to single periods of floods with snow-glacier melt and rainfall origin. The contribution of streambank erosion was usually lower than that of deep erosion both in the annual cycle and during extreme events. The channel-widening index also suggests variable annual (from −1 m to +1 m) and inter-annual tendencies. During a three-day flood from August 2013, in a measurement profile at the mouth of the river, the NNW bank was laterally shifted by as much as 3 m. Annual and inter-seasonal indices of total channel erosion, however, show that changes in the channel-bottom morphology are equalised relatively fast, and in terms of balance the changes usually do not exceed 0.5% of a cross section's area.

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Short-term geomorphological evolution of proglacial systems

Cited by 115 publications

References 272 publications

Proglacial sediment dynamics from daily to seasonal scales in a glaciated Alpine catchment (Bossons glacier, Mont Blanc massif, France)

Proglacial sediment dynamics from daily to seasonal scales in a glaciated Alpine catchment (Bossons glacier, Mont Blanc massif, France)

Proglacial erosion rates and processes in a glacierized catchment in the Swiss Alps

Effect of Meteorological Patterns on the Intensity of Streambank Erosion in a Proglacial Gravel-Bed River (Spitsbergen)

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