Short-term glucocorticoid intake combined with intense training on performance and hormonal responses

Collomp, K.; Arlettaz, A.; Portier, H.; Lecoq, A.-M.; Panse, B. Le; Rieth, N.; Céaurriz, J. de

doi:10.1136/bjsm.2007.043083

Cited by 39 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…In conclusion, the mechanisms by which short‐term administration of glucocorticoids are able to improve exercise performance is not completely understood [52,56,58,64]. However, single, acute doses do not appear to have the same performance‐enhancing effect as systematic short‐term administration, despite having similar alterations in blood hormonal and metabolic parameters.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…As a consequence glucocorticoids have the potential to be used as ergogenic aids [51]. Table 3 [52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60] summaries the current available evidence of the effect of glucocorticoids on exercise performance. In 2 separate studies, Arlettaz et al [52] and Le Panse et al [58] investigated the effects of 7 days of prednisolone administration (oral dose 60 mg/d and 50 mg/d, respectively) on exercise performance during submaximal exercise (time to exhaustion at 70%-75% VO 2max ).…”

Section: Summary Of the Evidence On Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

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Analgesics and Sport Performance: Beyond the Pain‐Modulating Effects

Holgado

Hopker

Sanabria

et al. 2017

PM&R

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1Analgesics are widely used in sport to treat pain and inflammation associated with injury. However, there 2 is growing evidence that some athletes might be taking these substances in an attempt to enhance Introduction 18There is little doubt that when exercise is performed above certain intensities, or over a prolonged period 19 of time, it causes feeling of pain and discomfort. Sayings such as 'no pain, no gain' are often heard in 20 relation to both training and competition settings across a variety of different sports. Indeed, these 21 feelings of exercise-induced pain have been shown to have a negative effect on training and performance 22 [1]. As a consequence, there has been a trend for athletes from all levels and ages to use pharmacological 23 analgesics substances prior to training and competition up to 4-fold more than their age-matched general 24 population [2]. The general term analgesic covers a variety of different pharmacological substances, 25 including non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), non-opioid analgesic (such as paracetamol 26 2 and others), weak opioids (for example tramadol, codeine or morphine [3]) and orally administered or 27 injected glucorticosteroids [4,5]. Indeed, paracetamol and NSAIDs are one of the most recurrent groups 28 of pharmacological substances used by athletes ranging from 11 up to 92% [6,7]. For instance, it is 29 common for athletes with minor injuries to continue training and even competing, by treating their minor 30 health issues with analgesic [8]. 31The aforementioned negative association between pain and exercise capacity increases the likelihood of 32 analgesic use as a method to increase the level of performance during competition [5,9]. Furthermore, the 33 trends for more frequent use of analgesics in-competition vs. out-competition, use of more than one drug 34 at the same time, and administration of these medications at supratherapeutic dosages, all suggest athletes 35 may be using these analgesics as ergogenic aids [4,5]. Therefore, in contrast to the post-exercise use of 36 analgesics to accelerate recovery, there is potential for their prophylactic use as a potential performance 37 enhancing intervention. In comparison to what is known about the use of analgesics for treating sporting 38 injury [10,11], much less is known about their effects on exercise related physiology and performance 39 [12][13][14]. However, as analgesics exert a pharmacological action on key physiological systems related to 40 exercise performance, a theoretical rationale exists whereby these drugs could provide a significant 41 ergogenic effect. 42 Material and methods 43The aim of this manuscript was to review the literature and evaluate the evidence for the ergogenic effect 44 of analgesics, expected dosages, and potential side effects. A computer search of scientific databases 45 (PubMed, Web of Science, ScienceDirect and Scopus) was made for English language articles 46 investigating the use of analgesics in sport for all period of time up to September 2...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Summary Of the Evidence On Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

Analgesics and Sport Performance: Beyond the Pain‐Modulating Effects

Holgado

Hopker

Sanabria

et al. 2017

PM&R

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…However, a multiple dose of 60 mg prednisolone daily for seven days did increase cycling time to exhaustion in trained males by 28 min (62%), although this performance was not controlled with a baseline measurement [121]. An almost identical study that did include a baseline measurement showed an increase of 91% (50.9 min) in cycling time to exhaustion using the same dosing regimen, combined with intense training in untrained subjects [122]. Although the statistical comparison was made between baseline measurement and post-treatment, and not additionally to the placebo measurements, it seems likely that this is a true effect as there was no change in the placebo treatment.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of WADA Prohibited Substances: Limited Evidence for Performance-Enhancing Effects

Heuberger

Cohen

2018

Sports Med

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The World Anti-Doping Agency is responsible for maintaining a Prohibited List that describes the use of substances and methods that are prohibited for athletes. The list currently contains 23 substance classes, and an important reason for the existence of this list is to prevent unfair competition due to pharmacologically enhanced performance. The aim of this review was to give an overview of the available evidence for performance enhancement of these substance classes. We searched the scientific literature through PubMed for studies and reviews evaluating the effects of substance classes on performance. Findings from double-blind, randomized controlled trials were considered as evidence for (the absence of) effects if they were performed in trained subjects measuring relevant performance outcomes. Only 5 of 23 substance classes show evidence of having the ability to enhance actual sports performance, i.e. anabolic agents, β2-agonists, stimulants, glucocorticoids and β-blockers. One additional class, growth hormone, has similar evidence but only in untrained subjects. The observed effects all relate to strength or sprint performance (and accuracy for β-blockers); there are no studies showing positive effects on reliable markers of endurance performance. For 11 classes, no well-designed studies are available, and, for the remaining six classes, there is evidence of an absence of a positive effect. In conclusion, for the majority of substance classes, no convincing evidence for performance enhancement is available, while, for the remaining classes, the evidence is based on a total of only 266 subjects from 11 studies.

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“…An extensive review of the scientific literature performed by Duclos (Duclos, 2010b) showed two types of results: studies supporting the hypothesis that there is no relationship between performance and corticosteroid use in humans (negative studies) (Petrides et al, 1997;Marquet et al, 1999;Baume et al, 2008;Kuipers et al, 2008;Arlettaz et al, 2006Arlettaz et al, , 2008, and studies supporting the hypothesis that there are relationships between performance and corticosteroid use in humans (positive studies) (Arlettaz et al, 2007;Collomp et al, 2008;Nordsborg et al, 2008).…”

Section: Glucocorticosteroidsmentioning

confidence: 94%