Short‐term homeostasis of REM sleep assessed in an intermittent REM sleep deprivation protocol in the rat

Ocampo-Garcés, Adrián; Vivaldi, E

doi:10.1046/j.1365-2869.2002.00281.x

Cited by 23 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Recently, transitions from N2 to N3 sleep have been proposed as a regulator of rem sleep onset [ 49 ]. Other authors have postulated long-term and short-term homeostatic regulation of rem independent of nrem sleep with an accumulation in the absence of rem during both wk and nrem sleep [ 50 ]. Our data seem to support the first of the hypothesis, because we did not found modulation along light and dark cycle of probabilities for going to rem sleep (at least in the conditions of this experiment, where no deprivation or any experimental manipulation of sleep was performed), suggesting that every modification in rem amounts along the individual recordings are related to nrem changes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A four-state Markov model of sleep-wakefulness dynamics along light/dark cycle in mice

et al. 2018

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Behavioral states alternate between wakefulness (wk), rapid eye movement (rem) and non-rem (nrem) sleep at time scale of hours i.e., light and dark cycle rhythms and from several tens of minutes to seconds (i.e., brief awakenings during sleep). Using statistical analysis of bout duration, Markov chains of sleep-wk dynamics and quantitative EEG analysis, we evaluated the influence of light/dark (ld) changes on brain function along the sleep-wk cycle. Bout duration (bd) histograms and Kaplan-Meier (km) survival curves of wk showed a bimodal statistical distribution, suggesting that two types of wk do exist: brief-wk (wkb) and long-wk (wkl). Light changes modulated specifically wkl bouts, increasing its duration during active/dark period. In contrast, wkb, nrem and rem bd histograms and km curves did not change significantly along ld cycle. Hippocampal eeg of both types of wk were different: in comparison wkb showed a lower spectral power in fast gamma and fast theta bands and less emg tone. After fitting a four-states Markov chain to mice hypnograms, moreover in states transition probabilities matrix was found that: in dark/active period, state-maintenance probability of wkl increased, and probability of wkl to nrem transition decreased; the opposite was found in light period, favoring the hypothesis of the participation of brief wk into nrem-rem intrinsic sleep cycle, and the role of wkl in SWS homeostasis. In conclusion, we propose an extended Markov model of sleep using four stages (wkl, nrem, rem, wkb) as a fully adequate model accounting for both modulation of sleep-wake dynamics based on the differential regulation of long-wk (high gamma/theta) epochs during dark and light phases.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A four-state Markov model of sleep-wakefulness dynamics along light/dark cycle in mice

et al. 2018

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“…Two cranial epidural electrodes (stainless steel screws) were placed as described elsewhere (Ocampo‐Garces & Vivaldi, 2002). Two stainless steel neck muscle electrodes were sutured for EMG recording.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arousal and differential Fos expression in histaminergic neurons of the ascending arousal system during a feeding‐related motivated behaviour

Valdés

Farías

Ocampo-Garcés

et al. 2005

Eur J of Neuroscience

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Arousal depends on the concerted activity of the ascending arousal system (AAS) but specific stimuli may primarily activate some nuclei of this system. Motivated behaviours are characterized by behavioural arousal, although it is not known which AAS nuclei are active during a motivated behaviour. To address this issue, rats were rendered motivated for food by fasting them for 1 day and then were enticed with food that they could not obtain for varying periods of time. We studied the level of arousal by polysomnography or radiotelemetry, and Fos-ir in the AAS, during food enticing. We found a strong arousal and an early increase in Fos-ir in the histaminergic neurons from the tuberomammillary nucleus, after 30 min of enticing, followed by increased Fos-ir in the whole AAS if food enticing was prolonged to 1 or 2 hours. In contrast, food presentation to non-motivated rats did not increase arousal or Fos-ir in the tuberomammillary nucleus. As opposed to the active arousal of the motivated rats, passive arousal induced by sensory stimulation was associated with increased Fos-ir in the locus coeruleus and the orexin neurons, but not with increased Fos-ir in the tuberomammillary nucleus or in the other nuclei of the AAS. We conclude that the arousal during feeding-related motivated behaviour is associated primarily with the activation of the tuberomammillary nucleus, while the other arousal-related nuclei become active later on.

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“…This report characterizes the sleep macro and micro-architecture in socially isolated and partnered WIS rats immediately following CFC (Training Day) and after re-exposure to the auditory conditioned stimulus on Days 1 and 14. Although rats have polyphasic sleep distributed over short periods [ 24 , 25 ], this study partitioned sleep parameters between the light/dark phases to better understand the distribution of sleep architecture. This was done to identify long-term, persistent changes in sleep architecture over 8–12 hour intervals up to fourteen days following CFC.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social partnering alters sleep in fear-conditioned Wistar rats

et al. 2017

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Social support, when provided following a traumatic experience, is associated with a lower incidence of stress-related psychiatric disorders. Our hypothesis was that providing a social interaction period with a naive conspecific would improve sleep architecture in response to cued fear conditioning in Wistar rats. Rats were randomly assigned to either the socially isolated or socially partnered groups. Rats assigned to the socially isolated group were individually housed following electrode implantation and fear conditioning. Rats assigned to the socially partnered group were initially paired-housed, and then one rat from each pair was randomly chosen for sleep electrode implantation and fear conditioning. Rats from both groups were habituated to a recording chamber, and baseline sleep was recorded over 22 hours. One day later (Training Day), they were fear-conditioned to 10 presentations of a tone (800 Hz, 90 dB, 5 sec) co-terminating with a mild electric foot shock (1.0 mA, 0.5 sec), at 30-sec intervals. While rats in the socially isolated group were left undisturbed in their home cage for 30-min, socially partnered rats interacted for 30 minutes with their non-stressed rat partner immediately after fear conditioning and while the auditory tones were presented on Days 1 and 14. The results indicated that social interaction increased sleep efficiency in partnered rats compared to isolated rats following the fear conditioning procedure. This was due to an increase in the amount of rapid eye movement sleep (REMS) during the light phase. Evaluation of REMS microarchitecture revealed that the increase in REMS was due to an increase in the number of single REMS episodes (siREMS), which represented a more consolidated REMS pattern. A surprising finding was that partnered rats had a greater number of sequential REMS episodes (seqREMS) at Baseline, on the Training Day and on Day 1 when compared to isolated rats. The greater number of seqREMS episodes in partnered rats may be due to the partnering procedure and not fear conditioning, as the effect was also seen at Baseline. Thus it appears that while the partnering procedure may have given rise to a fragmented REMS pattern, social partnering promoted a greater consolidation of REMS in response to the fear conditioning procedure.

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Short‐term homeostasis of REM sleep assessed in an intermittent REM sleep deprivation protocol in the rat

Cited by 23 publications

References 24 publications

A four-state Markov model of sleep-wakefulness dynamics along light/dark cycle in mice

A four-state Markov model of sleep-wakefulness dynamics along light/dark cycle in mice

Arousal and differential Fos expression in histaminergic neurons of the ascending arousal system during a feeding‐related motivated behaviour

Social partnering alters sleep in fear-conditioned Wistar rats

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