Short-term immobilization of ammonium and nitrate added to a grassland soil

Christie, Peter; Wasson, Elizabeth Anne

doi:10.1016/s0038-0717(00)00237-6

Cited by 29 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…In other work, we have successfully documented the mesoscale patterns of mineralization and nitrification in the A. barbata rhizosphere (D. J. Herman et al, submitted for publication) by using 15 N-based methods. Patterns of N mineralization and nitrification were found to vary substantially along the root, in part due to plant-microbe competition for inorganic N (5,8). In the current study, we also observe mesoscale differences in nitrate uptake in different root zones, but in addition, we discerned microscale patterns of nitrate access and utilization by roots and microbes.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

Two Novel Bacterial Biosensors for Detection of Nitrate Availability in the Rhizosphere

DeAngelis

Firestone

et al. 2005

Appl Environ Microbiol

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The nitrate-regulated promoter of narG in Escherichia coli was fused to promoterless ice nucleation (inaZ) and green fluorescent protein (GFP) reporter genes to yield the nitrate-responsive gene fusions in plasmids pNice and pNgfp, respectively. While the promoter of narG is normally nitrate responsive only under anaerobic conditions, the L28H-fnr gene was provided in trans to enable nitrate-dependent expression of these reporter gene fusions even under aerobic conditions in both E. coli DH5␣ and Enterobacter cloacae EcCT501R. E. cloacae and E. coli cells containing the fusion plasmid pNice exhibited more than 100-fold-higher ice nucleation activity in cultures amended with 10 mM sodium nitrate than in nitrate-free media. The GFP fluorescence of E. cloacae cells harboring pNgfp was uniform at a given concentration of nitrate and increased about 1,000-fold when nitrate increased from 0 to 1 mM. Measurable induction of ice nucleation in E. cloacae EcCT501R harboring pNice occurred at nitrate concentrations of as low as 0.1 M, while GFP fluorescence was detected in cells harboring pNgfp at about 10 M. In the rhizosphere of wild oat (Avena fatua), the whole-cell bioreporter E. cloacae(pNgfp) or E. cloacae(pNice) expressed significantly higher GFP fluorescence or ice nucleation activity when the plants were grown in natural soils amended with nitrate than in unamended natural soils. Significantly lower nitrate abundance was detected by the E. cloacae(pNgfp) reporter in the A. fatua rhizosphere compared to in bulk soil, indicating plant competition for nitrate. Ice-and GFP-based bacterial sensors thus are useful for estimating nitrate availability in relevant microbial niches in natural environments.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

Two Novel Bacterial Biosensors for Detection of Nitrate Availability in the Rhizosphere

DeAngelis

Firestone

et al. 2005

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…Several other studies have shown that microbial or physico-chemical immobilization of fertilizer N mediated by organic matter reduced N loss in agricultural and forest soils (Chang and Preston 2000;Choi et al 2001;. In this study, the temporal change patterns of NDFU in the immobilized N pool indicate that microbial immobilization and physico-chemical fixation of NH 4 + was very fast (Chang et al 1997;Christie and Wasson 2001;Han et al 2004). For example, the highest amount of urea-derived N immobilized was observed soon after incubation (within 48 to 96 h) and thereafter (up to 144 h), the increase in NDFU in immobilized N pool was slight in spite of the relatively high NDFU in NH 4 + (Fig.…”

Section: Distribution and Recovery Of 15 Nsupporting

confidence: 52%

“…4). Christie and Wasson (2001) found that immobilization of (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 -N mixed with glucose as a C source was completed within 3 d of incubation. Han et al (2004) reported that application of composted pig manure enhanced the immobilization of co-applied ureaderived N and most immobilization occurred between 3 and 7 d of incubation.…”

Section: Distribution and Recovery Of 15 Nmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…The tube was shaken for 1 h at 250 rpm on a reciprocating shaker (HB-203, Hanbaek, Seoul, Korea) and centrifuged at 4000 rpm (2808 × g) for 15 min on a centrifuge (MF-600 Plus, Hanil, Seoul, Korea), and the supernatant was decanted into test tubes for urea and mineral N analysis. The non-extractable N concentration was determined by washing the soil with distilled water following the procedures of Choi et al (2001), which removes the remaining urea and mineral N. The non-extractable N fraction was referred to as immobilized N (Smith et al 1994;Wang et al 2001;Christie and Wasson 2001). The soil samples were dried at 65 °C in an oven, ground to fine powder using a ball mill (MM 200, Retsch GmbH, Haan, Germany), and analyzed for N concentration and 15 N atom% using the mass spectrometer described above.…”

Section: Analytical Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nitrogen transformations and ammonia volatilization losses from ¹⁵N-urea as affected by the co-application of composted pig manure

Choi¹,

Chang²,

Kwak³

et al. 2007

Can. J. Soil. Sci.

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S. M. 2007. Nitrogen transformations and ammonia volatilization losses from 15 N-urea as affected by the co-application of composted pig manure. Can. J. Soil Sci. 87: 485-493. Co-application of composted manure (compost) and urea is considered an environment-friendly fertilization practice; however, the high urease activity in compost may stimulate NH 3 volatilization and cause N loss from co-applied urea. To test the above hypothesis, we investigated the fate of urea co-applied with compost in a loam-textured soil through two laboratory incubation experiments. Urea (150 mg N kg -1 ) was co-applied with 0, 4.9, 9.8, and 14.6 g of compost (oven-dry basis) kg -1 of soil, designated as treatments UC0, UC1, UC2, and UC3, respectively. Co-application of compost and urea enhanced urea hydrolysis and increased the 1st order rate constant of urea hydrolysis from 0.047 h -1 in the UC0 to 0.139 h -1 in the UC3 treatments. Soil pH increased from 7.0 for UC0 to 7.6 for UC3, leading to greater NH 3 volatilization (up to two times more) in the soils receiving 9.8 g kg -1 or more of compost. Compost co-application also increased the immobilization of urea-derived N, probably because the organic matter added in compost stimulated microbial growth or NH 4 + fixation. Between 15 and 17% of urea-N was not recovered at the end of the incubation, but there was no difference in N loss among the treatments resulting from the contrasting effects (NH 3 volatilization vs. NH 4 + immobilization) of compost on N losses. Our results clearly show that application of compost with high urease activity increases NH 3 volatilization loss of N from the co-applied urea, but the total amount of N lost is also affected by immobilization of NH 4 + by the organic matter added to the soil through the applied compost. Le pH du sol augmente de 7,0 à 7,6 pour les traitements UC0 et UC3, ce qui accélère la sublimation du NH 3 (jusqu'au double) dans les sols enrichis avec 9,8 g ou plus de compost par kg. L'application simultanée de compost intensifie aussi l'immobilisation du N de l'urée, sans doute parce que la matière organique du compost stimule la multiplication des microorganismes ou la fixation du NH 4 + . De 15 à 17 % du N uréique n'avait pu être récupéré à la fin de l'incubation, mais la perte de N ne varie pas entre les traitements malgré les effets contrastants (sublimation du NH 3 c. immobilisation du NH 4 + ) du compost. Les résultats indiquent clairement que l'application de compost riche en uréase augmente les pertes de N par sublimation du NH 3 que contient l'urée appliquée simultanément, mais que la quantité totale de N perdue est aussi affectée par l'immobilisation du NH 4 + résultant de l'addition de matière organique au sol par le compost.

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“…Apart from N removal by crop uptake, nitrate or ammonium can temporarily be removed from the soil solution by immobilization and is thus protected from leaching (Whitehead 1986;Christie and Wasson 2001;Stockdale et al 2002). For example, Van den Heuvel et al (1991) found that 7-17% of applied nitrate remaining in the topsoil (0 -20 cm) was immobilized as organic N. Immobilized N can later be mineralized again and contribute to N accumulation in the soil profile (Ball and Ryden 1984).…”

Section: Nitrate Removal From the Soil Solutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrate leaching from liquid cattle manure compared to synthetic fertilizer applied to grassland or silage maize in the Netherlands

Bôer¹

2017

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Short-term immobilization of ammonium and nitrate added to a grassland soil

Cited by 29 publications

References 8 publications

Two Novel Bacterial Biosensors for Detection of Nitrate Availability in the Rhizosphere

Two Novel Bacterial Biosensors for Detection of Nitrate Availability in the Rhizosphere

Nitrogen transformations and ammonia volatilization losses from ¹⁵N-urea as affected by the co-application of composted pig manure

Nitrate leaching from liquid cattle manure compared to synthetic fertilizer applied to grassland or silage maize in the Netherlands

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Short-term immobilization of ammonium and nitrate added to a grassland soil

Cited by 29 publications

References 8 publications

Two Novel Bacterial Biosensors for Detection of Nitrate Availability in the Rhizosphere

Two Novel Bacterial Biosensors for Detection of Nitrate Availability in the Rhizosphere

Nitrogen transformations and ammonia volatilization losses from 15N-urea as affected by the co-application of composted pig manure

Nitrate leaching from liquid cattle manure compared to synthetic fertilizer applied to grassland or silage maize in the Netherlands

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Nitrogen transformations and ammonia volatilization losses from ¹⁵N-urea as affected by the co-application of composted pig manure