Short-term interactions between cell surfaces

Weiss, Leonard; Harlos, J. P.

doi:10.1016/0079-6816(72)90003-2

Cited by 69 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…The derivation of the so-called DLVO theory employed (Weiss & Harlos, 1972) is applicable only to the analysis of weak long-range interactions of the reversible type (Marshall et al, 1971). Briefly, the theory assumes that the forces of attraction ( VA) and the forces of repulsion (VR) generated between two surfaces are additive, with states of mutual attraction occurring at two distances of separation when VA > VR.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The theoretical distances of separation (H) between the bacteria and the HeLa cells for these values of 1/K were calculated with the following dimensions: HeLa cell surface potential, -14 mV [calculated (Ambrose, 1966) with the data of Sachtleben & Luyken (1962) and Fuhrman (1965)l; bacterial cell surface potential, -25 mV [calculated (Ambrose, 1966) from the values given by James (1957) Deviations from these values of H caused by variations in the other parameters were computed over the following ranges: HeLa cell surface potential, -10 to -20 mV (Jones, 1977); HeLa cell radius of curvature, 1 x lo4 cm (planar surface) to 5 x cm [the estimated size of filaments on the surfaces of HeLa cells (Weiss & Harlos, 1972) Neither the molarity of the suspending fluid (160-300 mmol 1-l) nor the presence of sucrose influenced irreversible attachment at ionic strengths equal to that of Hanks' solution. Higher molarities impaired motility and attachment was curtailed.…”

Section: G W J O N E S L a R I C H A R D S O N A N D D U mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The dimensions of the diffuse layer of counter ions (1/K) on the cell surfaces were calculated according to Heard & Seaman (1960). The theoretical distances of separation (H) between bacteria and HeLa cells at various values of 1/K were computed according to Weiss & Harlos (1972). The distance of closest approach between bacterium and HeLa cell was taken as that at which the potential energy of repulsion (V,) was equal to, or less than, the potential energy of attraction (V,) (Marshall et al, 1971).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Invasion of HeLa Cells by Salmonella typhimurium: Reversible and Irreversible Bacterial Attachment and the Role of Bacterial Motility

1981

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The interactions which brought about the invasion of HeLa cells by Salmonella typhimurium consisted of a sequence of three phases. Initially, the motility of the bacteria facilitated their contact with the HeLa cells whereupon the bacteria became attached in a reversible manner (i.e. the bacteria could be removed readily by washing the HeLa cell monolayers with Hanks' Balanced Salt solution). The binding forces responsible for reversible attachment were probably the weak long-range forces of the secondary minimum level of attractive interactions between the bacterium and the HeLa cell. Reversible attachment was a necessary interlude before the bacteria became irreversibly attached to the surfaces of the HeLa cells (i.e. the bacteria were no longer removed by the washing procedure that removed the reversibly attached salmonellae). Irreversible attachment was prevented in solutions of low ionic strength; the forces responsible were probably those of the primary minimum generated between the HeLa cell and a bacterial adhesin which was capable of acting over only short distances between the reversibly attached bacterium and the HeLa cell (i.e. probably less than 15 nm). Only irreversibly attached bacteria proceeded to the third phase and were internalized by the HeLa cells.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: G W J O N E S L a R I C H A R D S O N A N D D U mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Invasion of HeLa Cells by Salmonella typhimurium: Reversible and Irreversible Bacterial Attachment and the Role of Bacterial Motility

1981

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“…5 and 6, in which dark close contact areas cover nearly the entire undersurface. Close contacts associate with the cortical meshwork of actin microfilaments [57,83,83,84], so it is plausible that locally controlled contractility modulates cell surface geometry on a nanoscale, thus further contributing to cell adhesiveness [69,70,72,79,85]. It has also been observed that coated pits filled with ruthenium red-positive material seem to concentrate in areas of close contacts [86,87] possibly providing a wealth of charged molecules dangling from the cell surface.…”

Section: Functional Consequences Of Irs-1 Inhibitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…How can relatively strong adhesion be accomplished by such close contacts, which are nondescript structures without any specific ECM receptors attributable to them? It has been proposed that cell adhesion can be accomplished by non-specific interactions of the charged surface of a cell with that of a substratum, according to the DLVO theory and via long distance van der Waals attraction forces operating at a 10-30 nm distance of separation between the surfaces [79,80]. While focal contact adhesion strength per unit area is greater than any other part of the cell undersurface [69,70,81,82], it is apparent from imaging of the ventral surface of cells that, in normal fibroblasts, its topography is very diversified, with the area of focal contacts covering only a small portion of a cell's undersurface.…”

Section: Functional Consequences Of Irs-1 Inhibitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calreticulin affects cell adhesiveness through differential phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate-1

Czarnowski

Papp

Száraz

et al. 2014

Cellular and Molecular Biology Letters

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Cellular adhesion to the underlying substratum is regulated through numerous signaling pathways. It has been suggested that insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1) is involved in some of these pathways, via association with and activation of transmembrane integrins. Calreticulin, as an important endoplasmic reticulum-resident, calcium-binding protein with a chaperone function, plays an obvious role in proteomic expression. Our previous work showed that calreticulin mediates cell adhesion not only by affecting protein expression but also by affecting the state of regulatory protein phosphorylation, such as that of c-src. Here, we demonstrate that calreticulin affects the abundance of IRS-1 such that the absence of calreticulin is paralleled by a decrease in IRS-1 levels and the unregulated overexpression of calreticulin is accompanied by an increase in IRS-1 levels. These changes in the abundance of calreticulin and IRS-1 are accompanied by changes in cell-substratum adhesiveness and phosphorylation, such that increases in the expression of calreticulin and IRS-1 are paralleled by an increase in focal contact-based cellsubstratum adhesiveness, and a decrease in the expression of these proteins brings about a decrease in cell-substratum adhesiveness. Wild type and calreticulin-null mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) were cultured and the IRS-1 isoform profile was assessed. Differences in morphology and motility were also quantified. While no substantial differences in the speed of locomotion were found, the directionality of cell movement was greatly promoted by the presence of calreticulin. Calreticulin expression was also found to have a dramatic effect on the phosphorylation state of serine 636 of IRS-1, such that phosphorylation of IRS-1 on serine 636 increased radically in the absence of calreticulin. Most importantly, treatment of cells with the RhoA/ROCK inhibitor, Y-27632, which among its many effects also inhibited serine 636 phosphorylation of IRS-1, had profound effects on cell-substratum adhesion, in that it suppressed focal contacts, induced extensive close contacts, and increased the strength of adhesion. The latter effect, while counterintuitive, can be explained by the close contacts comprising labile bonds but in large numbers. In addition, the lability of bonds in close contacts would permit fast locomotion. An interesting and novel finding is that Y-27632 treatment of MEFs releases them from contact inhibition of locomotion, as evidenced by the invasion of a cell's underside by the thin lamellae and filopodia of a cell in close apposition.

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Observations on the effect of neuraminidase on the distribution of intravenously injected walker tumor cells in rats

Weiss

Fisher

1974

Cancer

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Walker 256 carcinoma cells obtained from ascites tumors were incubated with or without neuraminidase, labelled with 51Cr, and injected into the femoral or portal veins of rats. The organ distribution of the cells was determined after 5 minutes and 1 hour by γ‐counts. No significant differences in tumor cell distribution due to the neuraminidase were detected. These negative findings are discussed in terms of the repulsion „barriers”︁ among the tumor cells, vascular endothelium, and platelets, in relation to cell velocity.

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Short-term interactions between cell surfaces

Cited by 69 publications

References 77 publications

The Invasion of HeLa Cells by Salmonella typhimurium: Reversible and Irreversible Bacterial Attachment and the Role of Bacterial Motility

The Invasion of HeLa Cells by Salmonella typhimurium: Reversible and Irreversible Bacterial Attachment and the Role of Bacterial Motility

Calreticulin affects cell adhesiveness through differential phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate-1

Observations on the effect of neuraminidase on the distribution of intravenously injected walker tumor cells in rats

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