Short term introduction of pollutants into the atmosphere at a location in the Brahmaputra Basin: A case study

Pathak, Binita; Biswas, Jhuma; Bharali, Chandrakala; Bhuyan, Pradip Kumar

doi:10.5094/apr.2015.026

Cited by 15 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The records during the evenings of November 30, and December 31, 2018, corresponding to La Alborada and NYE fireworks emissions, show a different behavior compared with a regular day, with almost no increase in the net amount of BC in the atmosphere, hence, a decrease in the relative proportion out of the total PM10, from 20 to 25% at 11:00 LT to approximately 10% at 01:00 LT, during both days. This result is different from the evidence presented in Yerramsetti et al (2013) and Pathak et al (2015) showing an increase in BC due to firework-related emissions. The relative proportion of ultrafine PM, out of the total PM10, remains relatively constant during La Alborada and NYE at about 45% of the mass.…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 99%

Effects of fireworks on particulate matter concentration in a narrow valley: the case of the Medellín metropolitan area

Hoyos

Herrera

Roldán-Henao

et al. 2019

Environ Monit Assess

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The extensive use of fireworks generates large amounts of pollutants, deteriorating air quality and potentially causing adverse health impacts. In Medellín and its metropolitan area, although fireworks are banned during December, their use is widespread during the Christmas season, particularly during the midnight of November 30 (La Alborada) and New Year’s Eve (NYE). It is therefore essential to assess the effects of these celebrations on air quality in the region. Air-quality data from the official monitoring network and a low-cost particulate matter (PM) citizen science project, backscattering intensity (BI) retrievals from a ceilometer network, potential temperature from a microwave radiometer, and information from a radar wind profiler provide an excellent platform to study the spatio-temporal distribution of contaminants resulting from the La Alborada and NYE celebrations. Substantial increases in PM2.5 and PM10 mass concentrations due to La Alborada and NYE, ranging in some cases from 50 to 100 μgm−3, are observed in the Aburrá Valley and particularly in the densely populated communes of Medellín, with most concentration changes corresponding to ultrafine and fine particles. The PM increments resulting from fireworks show almost no increase in the net amount of black carbon in the atmosphere. Ceilometer BI profiles show a substantial change immediately after the La Alborada and NYE midnights, confined to the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL). Strong thermal inversions lead to fairly homogeneous increments in BI within the ABL, lasting until the onset of the convective boundary layer. In contrast, weak thermal inversions lead to rapid dispersion of aerosols, allowing them to episodically escape above the ABL.

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Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 99%

Effects of fireworks on particulate matter concentration in a narrow valley: the case of the Medellín metropolitan area

Hoyos

Herrera

Roldán-Henao

et al. 2019

Environ Monit Assess

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“…In Tezpur, a mean PM 10 concentration of 87.45 μg/m 3 was observed during festival days, which was 2.13 times greater than normal day concentrations 18. Another study from Dibrugarh reported PM 10 and PM 2.5 concentrations during Diwali of 168 and 160 μg/m 3 , respectively, which was 5.33 and 5.74 times higher than normal day concentrations 26. However, no examination of health correlations or risk levels was carried out in those studies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Characterization of PM ₁₀ and Impact on Human Health During the Annual Festival of Lights (Diwali)

Garaga

Kota

2018

Journal of Health and Pollution

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Background.Diwali is a Hindu holiday observed each autumn in India, where it is known as the ‘celebration of lights’. Burning of fireworks on this day leads to air and noise pollution, causing adverse effects to human health.Objectives.To monitor and analyze air quality and noise levels in a residential college campus in northeast India over Diwali 2015.Methods.Components of PM10, including metals (cadmium (Cd), cobalt (Co), iron (Fe), zinc (Zn) and nickel (Ni)), ions (calcium (Ca2+), ammonium (NH4+), sodium (Na+), potassium (K+), chloride (Cl−), nitrate (NO3−) and sulfate (SO4 2−)) and bacterial counts were studied for a period of ten days in November 2015. In addition, a health-based survey of patients attending the institute's hospital during those days was conducted to evaluate the risk level due to fireworks burning.Results.The mean PM10 concentration during Diwali, 311 μg/m3, was 81% higher than other days and 3.1-times higher the Indian National Ambient Air Quality Standards. While noise levels were increased by 65%, the concentration of bacteria in PM10 was reduced by 39% during Diwali compared to other days. The concentrations of metals, cations and anions were increased by 51%, 72% and 77%, respectively. A health study conducted during the analysis period revealed an increase in hospital admissions in the campus due to respiratory symptoms. The higher concentrations of metals during the Diwali period resulted in a 0.5% increase in the hazard index.Conclusions.The present study suggests that reducing fireworks during Diwali could reduce pollutant concentrations and result in potential health benefits.Participant Consent.ObtainedEthics Approval.The study and survey design were approved by the Institutional Bioethics Committee of the Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati.Competing Interests.The authors declare no competing financial interests

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“…Ephemeral structures, settlements, and events can negatively impact urban and rural spaces through land damage, trash remnants, and air pollution (Pathak et al 2015; Gibson and Connell 2011; Moreno et al 2007). Undesirable consequences are even more obvious, however, when ephemeral urbanism turns into an unintended long-lasting project.…”

Section: Defining and Describing Punctual Urbanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Punctual Urbanisms: Rapid Planning Responses to Urban Problems

Landgrave-Serrano

Stoker

Crisman

2021

Journal of Planning Literature

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Traditional urban planning projects require considerable time, political buy-in, and capital. Conversely, small-scale urban interventions can be executed quickly and inexpensively. However, the terms used to describe these projects—such as tactical, pop-up, temporary, or insurgent urbanism—are numerous and overlapping, making them hard to distinguish from each other. We suggest that a single unifying term, punctual urbanism, can capture these different urbanisms. To justify this choice, we provide definitions and examples, as well as an overarching framework for understanding these urbanisms on the basis of two dimensions: who is implementing them and what is their temporal scale.

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Short term introduction of pollutants into the atmosphere at a location in the Brahmaputra Basin: A case study

Cited by 15 publications

References 22 publications

Effects of fireworks on particulate matter concentration in a narrow valley: the case of the Medellín metropolitan area

Effects of fireworks on particulate matter concentration in a narrow valley: the case of the Medellín metropolitan area

Characterization of PM ₁₀ and Impact on Human Health During the Annual Festival of Lights (Diwali)

Punctual Urbanisms: Rapid Planning Responses to Urban Problems

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Short term introduction of pollutants into the atmosphere at a location in the Brahmaputra Basin: A case study

Cited by 15 publications

References 22 publications

Effects of fireworks on particulate matter concentration in a narrow valley: the case of the Medellín metropolitan area

Effects of fireworks on particulate matter concentration in a narrow valley: the case of the Medellín metropolitan area

Characterization of PM 10 and Impact on Human Health During the Annual Festival of Lights (Diwali)

Punctual Urbanisms: Rapid Planning Responses to Urban Problems

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Characterization of PM ₁₀ and Impact on Human Health During the Annual Festival of Lights (Diwali)