Short-term losses and long-term gains: The non-native species  Austrominius modestus  in Lough Hyne Marine Nature Reserve

Gallagher, Mary Catherine; Culloty, Sarah C.; Davenport, John; Harman, Luke; Jessopp, Mark; Kerrigan, Caroline; Murray, Colette; O’Riordan, Ruth M.; McAllen, Rob

doi:10.1016/j.ecss.2017.04.020

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…), outcompeted native species (Gallagher et al . ), and restructured benthic habitat (Coma et al . ) in MPAs in Canada, Ireland, and the Mediterranean, respectively.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Non‐native species are a global issue for marine protected areas

Iacarella¹,

Saheed

Dunham

et al. 2019

Frontiers in Ecol & Environ

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The global extent of marine protected areas (MPAs) is increasing as nations strive to meet UN conservation targets, yet non‐native species (NNS) are a critically overlooked stressor that threatens MPA conservation goals. Despite evidence that marine NNS affect protected species and habitats, there is limited understanding of the pervasiveness of this threat and the extent to which resource managers are responding to it. We disseminated a questionnaire targeting MPA practitioners and scientists to determine the overall state of knowledge and perception of NNS in MPAs. We received 151 responses from individuals in 47 countries and territories, including a total of 116 MPAs of which 73 were reported to have NNS present. Although NNS are a prevalent issue in MPAs and are the subject of some monitoring, management, and research, preventative measures are largely absent, so that more focused attention on NNS will be required to achieve conservation goals.

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“…), outcompeted native species (Gallagher et al . ), and restructured benthic habitat (Coma et al . ) in MPAs in Canada, Ireland, and the Mediterranean, respectively.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Non‐native species are a global issue for marine protected areas

Iacarella¹,

Saheed

Dunham

et al. 2019

Frontiers in Ecol & Environ

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“…Nonindigenous species are prevalent in MPAs globally (Iacarella, Saheed, Dunham, & Ban, 2019), and some have had large impacts on protected communities (Coma et al., 2011; Gallagher et al., 2017; Kaplan et al., 2018). However, vectors of nonindigenous species are rarely considered in spatial planning or restricted in MPA management plans (Giakoumi et al., 2016; Iacarella, Saheed, et al, 2019; Mačić et al., 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate change and vessel traffic create networks of invasion in marine protected areas

Iacarella

Lyons

Burke

et al. 2020

Journal of Applied Ecology

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Establishment of protected areas to maintain biodiversity requires identification, prioritization and management of stressors that may undermine conservation goals. Nonindigenous species and climate change are critical ecosystem stressors that need greater attention in the context of spatial planning and management of protected areas. Risk of invasion into protected areas needs to be quantified under current and projected climate conditions in conjunction with prioritization of key vectors and vulnerable areas to enable development of effective management strategies. We assessed the likelihood of invasion across networks of marine protected areas (MPAs) to determine how invaded MPAs may compromise MPA networks by sharing nonindigenous species. We evaluated invasion risk in 83 MPAs along Canada's Pacific coast for eight nonindigenous species based on environmental suitability under current and future (average conditions from 2041 to 2070) climate conditions and association with shipping and boating pathways. We applied species distribution models and network analysis of vessel tracking data for 805 vessels in 2016 that connected MPAs. The probability of occurrence within MPAs and the proportion of MPA area that is suitable to the modelled species significantly increased under future climate conditions, with six species reaching over 90% predicted occurrence across MPAs and over 70% of suitable area within MPAs. Vessel traffic created four network clusters of 61 highly connected MPAs that spanned the coastline. Occupancy of over 90% of the MPAs within the clusters was predicted for most species. Synthesis and applications. Our results indicate a high likelihood of marine protected area (MPA) network invasion based on current and future environmental conditions and vectors of spread, and the potential for extensive nonindigenous species distributions within MPAs. Our approach highlights how interacting stressors can exacerbate MPA susceptibility to nonindigenous species, adding further challenges for protected area management. Management planning that invests in understanding connectivity and vector processes (human behaviours) is more likely to derive effective policies to stem the flow of nonindigenous species under both current and future conditions. In particular, biosecurity measures including vessel biofouling regulations and MPA‐ and MPA network‐specific plans for prevention, monitoring and mitigation of nonindigenous species are needed.

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