Short-term Movements of Juvenile and Neonate Sandbar Sharks, Carcharhinus plumbeus, on their Nursery Grounds in Delaware Bay

Rechisky, Erin L.; Wetherbee, Bradley M.

doi:10.1023/b:ebfi.0000003820.62411.cb

Cited by 65 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Although no significant relationship was observed in 2011, visible inspection of scatterplots of the data indicated that many sharks displayed increased activity spaces in their final weeks as residents of PKD Bay. Similar observations of increased activity space immediately prior to migration out of a region have also been reported for juvenile sandbar sharks Carcharhinus plumbeus (Rechisky & Wetherbee 2003). For PKD Bay, such increases in activity space possibly are the result of increased foraging or, given the strong site fidelity of sharks to Zones 1 and 2, simply movement out of the embayment.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Seasonal residency, habitat use, and site fidelity of juvenile sand tiger sharks Carcharias taurus in a Massachusetts estuary

Kneebone¹,

Chisholm²,

Skomal³

2012

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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The sand tiger shark Carcharias taurus is a large coastal species that has endured marked declines in its western North Atlantic population over the past 30 yr. In the face of these declines, identification of nursery areas for this species is of particular importance to ensure the implementation of protective measures that will maximize survival of young individuals to maturity. Passive acoustic telemetry was used to assess the emergence of Plymouth, Kingston, Duxbury (PKD) Bay, Massachusetts, USA, as a seasonal nursery for juvenile sand tigers that migrate north from southern parturition grounds. Seasonal residency, habitat use, and site fidelity of 73 acoustically tagged juvenile sand tigers (78 to 108 cm fork length) were monitored within PKD Bay during 4 seasonal periods from 2008 to 2011. Eight individuals were tracked in multiple years, with 2 individuals returning to PKD Bay in 3 consecutive years. Sand tigers remained in PKD Bay for periods of 1 to 124 d and displayed a high degree of site fidelity to 2 core habitats during each year of the study. Weekly activity space estimates were relatively constant throughout each yearly monitoring period, with a general increase prior to emigration of sharks from the embayment. Emigration of sharks from PKD Bay was significantly related to both day length and water temperature. Collectively, these results suggest that PKD Bay constitutes a seasonal nursery area for juvenile sand tigers and warrants the extension of juvenile sand tiger essential fish habitat north of Cape Cod, Massachusetts, USA.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Seasonal residency, habitat use, and site fidelity of juvenile sand tiger sharks Carcharias taurus in a Massachusetts estuary

Kneebone¹,

Chisholm²,

Skomal³

2012

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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“…Similarly, juvenile blacktip sharks expand their home range over months due to changes in environmental conditions or ontogenetic changes in behaviour (Heupel & Hueter 2001, Heupel et al 2004, Heupel & Simpfendorfer 2005a). This also occurs in juvenile sandbar sharks (Merson & Pratt 2001), but home range size does not differ between juveniles and neonates (Rechisky & Wetherbee 2003). Juvenile Caribbean reef sharks also expand their range as they grow and explore deeper sites , Garla et al 2006).…”

Section: Shifting and Expanding Rangesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We nonetheless collated home range data from 8 separate studies (McKibben & Nelson 1986, Gruber et al 1988, Holland et al 1993, Morrissey & Gruber 1993b, Goldman & Anderson 1999, Rechisky & Wetherbee 2003, Carlisle & Starr 2009 Fig. 3).…”

Section: Home Rangementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similarly, both juvenile and adult scalloped hammerhead sharks have smaller daytime core areas and range more widely at night (Klimley & Nelson 1984, Holland et al 1992 (Whitney et al 2007), grey reef sharks (McKibben & Nelson 1986), lemon sharks (Gruber et al 1988) and Pacific angel sharks (Standora & Nelson 1977). In contrast, bonnethead sharks show no consistent diel patterns in home range size (Heupel et al 2006b), nor do juvenile and neonate sandbar sharks Carcharhinus plumbeus show any diel pattern in movement rate (Rechisky & Wetherbee 2003).…”

Section: Diel Movement Patternsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Complexities of coastal shark movements and their implications for management

Speed

Field²,

Meekan

et al. 2010

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

276

239

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Global declines of shark populations are of concern because of their largely assumed role as moderators of ecosystem function. Without long-term data on movement patterns for many species, it is impossible to infer relative extinction risk, which varies as a function of range, dispersal and habitat specificity and use. The past 50 yr of research on coastal sharks has revealed common movement patterns among species. In the horizontal plane, measured home range size generally increases with body size. We demonstrate meta-analytically the effects of increasing body size and monitoring time on home range size. Changes in the extent of horizontal movement might arise from ontogeny, predator avoidance or environmental tolerances. In the vertical plane, movement patterns include oscillatory vertical displacement, surface swimming, diel vertical migration and swimming at depth. These vertical movements are often attributed to foraging or navigation, but have been quantified less than horizontal patterns. Habitat specificity is often correlated with environmental conditions such as depth, salinity, substratum, and in some cases, prey availability. Site fidelity is common in species that use nursery areas. However, fidelity to mating, pupping, feeding and natal sites has only been observed in a few species. To date, few studies have examined habitat partitioning, although some general patterns have emerged: habitats appear to be subdivided by benthos type, prey availability and depth. The conservation of coastal sharks can be facilitated in some cases by the use of marine protected areas, especially for coastal resident species using specific nursery, reproduction or feeding areas. Partial protected-area closures might be effective during aggregation or migration periods to protect older size classes, but these must be applied with other management strategies such as reduced fishing and size or bag limits to protect individuals throughout different life history phases. More long-term research on habitat use, migration patterns and habitat partitioning is essential for developing successful management initiatives for coastal shark populations.

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“…Similarly, swimming depth of Shark 2, the only animal with a depth tag, did not change. ROM has been shown to increase after sunset in some species (see Sciarrotta & Nelson 1977, McKibben & Nelson 1986, Parsons & Carlson 1998, Ackerman et al 2000 but remain unchanged in others (see Yano & Tanaka 1986, Gruber et al 1988, Holland et al 1993, Rechisky & Wetherbee 2003. Yano & Tanaka (1986) tracked needle dogfish Centrophorus acus Garman, 1906 at depths > 220 m and found no diurnal change in ROM, a finding which they attributed to constant darkness.…”

Section: Short-term Movementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Observations on the distribution, biology, short-term movements and habitat requirements of river sharks Glyphis spp. in northern Australia

Pillans

Stevens²,

Kyne³

et al. 2009

Endang. Species. Res.

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The genus Glyphis comprises a group of rare and poorly known species. G. glyphis and G. garricki are found in northern Australia, and both species are listed as Critically Endangered C2a(i) on the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species. We collated all available records of G. glyphis and G. garricki in Australia to gain an understanding of the species' distribution and biology. All records of G. glyphis (n = 106) were confined to 9 tropical rivers and estuaries north of 15°S. G. garricki (n = 32) were captured in 4 rivers and estuaries as well as in marine environments north of 18°S. Both species can be classified as euryhaline elasmobranchs. Parturition is thought to occur in October to December, and size at birth for both species is around 50 to 65 cm total length (TL). Two male G. garricki were mature at 142 and 144 cm TL, 2 females of 177 and 251 cm TL were mature, with the smaller animal having 9 early-stage embryos in utero. No mature G. glyphis have been recorded to date. Short-term movement patterns of 3 G. glyphis were investigated in the Adelaide River (Northern Territory) using acoustic tags. Animals were tracked for 27.8, 27.0 and 50.2 h respectively and displayed up-and downstream tidally assisted movement, moving on average 10 to 12 km per tide. The limited distribution, specific habitat requirements and repeated use of available habitat make Glyphis species particularly vulnerable to localised overfishing and habitat degradation. These findings highlight the need for additional research and the implementation of national recovery plans for both species.

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Short-term Movements of Juvenile and Neonate Sandbar Sharks, Carcharhinus plumbeus, on their Nursery Grounds in Delaware Bay

Cited by 65 publications

References 20 publications

Seasonal residency, habitat use, and site fidelity of juvenile sand tiger sharks Carcharias taurus in a Massachusetts estuary

Seasonal residency, habitat use, and site fidelity of juvenile sand tiger sharks Carcharias taurus in a Massachusetts estuary

Complexities of coastal shark movements and their implications for management

Observations on the distribution, biology, short-term movements and habitat requirements of river sharks Glyphis spp. in northern Australia

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