Short-term observation of the results of endodontic surgery with the use of a surgical operation microscope and super-EBA as root-end filling material

A prospective, randomized, comparative clinical study of resin composite and glass ionomer cement for retrograde root filling

“…Interestingly, these results were obtained by four surgeons with little or no prior experience with the RP procedure. Complete 57 78 23 43 80 63 Incomplete/scar tissue 3 4 5 9 8 6 Uncertain 13 18 19 35 32 25 Unsatisfactory 0 0 7 13 7 5 Total 73 100 54 100 127 100 ultrasonic instruments [24,39] and improved intraoperative visual access using operating microscopes [24] may reduce this difference to be of only theoretical interest. Further randomized clinical studies are needed to elucidate these aspects in detail.…”

Morphological features of the maxillary incisors roots and relationship with neighbouring anatomical structures: possible implications in endodontic surgery

“…Clinicians dealing with surgical endodontics must be familiar with the principles and techniques of microsurgery as well as with local microanatomy. It has been emphasized that the identification and proper treatment of microscopic features may critically affect the outcome of endodontic surgery 11,19,20,29,31,32 .…”

“…The identification and treatment of these microscopic findings is key for effective periradicular healing 19,20 . The significance of these anatomic complexities and the need for managing them, may have contributed to the genesis of modern apical surgery, which gained further acceptance amongst practitioners with the introduction of magnification and micro-instruments.…”

Conventional and Surgical Endodontic Retreatment of A Maxillary First Molar: Unusual Anatomy

“…Use of magnification was also shown to increase the percentage of located and treated extra canals in maxillary molars (17,18). However, when the conventional root canal treatment is unsuccessful, endodontic microsurgery is an important treatment option to improve periapical healing and increase the chance of long-term success (19,20).…”

“…isthmuses, canal fins, micro-fractures, lateral canals. In addition, smaller osteotomies, shallow resected angles, conservative preparation with ultrasonic tips, and precise root end filling with a biocompatible material, satisfy the biological principles and improve healing (19).…”