Short-term Outcomes for Patients and Providers After Elective Tracheostomy in COVID-19–Positive Patients

Abstract

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Systematic review and meta-analysis of tracheostomy outcomes in COVID-19 patients

“…SD, standard deviation; BMI, body-mass index; PEEP, positive end-expiratory pressure; APACHE II, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II. Characteristic Value References Count n(%) Total patients 3929 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 3929 (100) Sex n (%) Female Male 437 (27.01) 1181 (72.99) 23 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , ...…”

“…37 studies included mortality data, irrespective of subgrouping. Of the 3876 patients included across these 37 studies, 824 patients had died by the time of follow-up [24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][41][42][43][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62] . Only 14 studies explicitly reported a mean follow-up duration, giving a combined weighted mean of 42.03 days (SD 26.43) 24,26,27,30,33,37,42,43,48,50,52,56,…”

“…Heterogeneity was found to be substantial, with I 2 95% [95%CI 94.4%-96.4%](p < 0.0001; supplementary figure 2). Mean time to decannulation was reported in 19 of the 39 studies, identifying an overall weighted mean J o u r n a l P r e -p r o o f time from intubation to decannulation of 17.70 days (SD 11.31) [25][26][27][28][30][31][32][33]38,39,41,43,46,48,49,51,52,[55][56][57]60 .…”

“…36 studies reported on the distribution of tracheostomy performed across the studied population, accounting for a total of 3744 patients [23][24][25][26][27][29][30][31][32][33]35,[37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52]54,[56][57][58][59][60][61][62] . Of 3744 patients, 2179 were performed as surgical procedures, 1457 as percutaneous and 108 as novel/hybrid procedures (table 3).…”

“…,25,26,29,32,33,37,39-42,45,46,48,50- 52,54,55,57-62 . 22 studies reported 0 staff infections across a total of 1055 tracheostomies23,25,26,29,32,33,37,39,40,42,45,46,[50][51][52]54,[57][58][59][60][61][62] . 3 studies reported 1 staff infection across a total of 222 tracheostomies…”